Traditional encyclopedias are written by a number of employed text writers, usually people with an academic degree, and distributed as proprietary content.

Existentialists generally regard traditional systematic or academic philosophies, in both style and content, as too abstract and remote from concrete human experience.

Many existentialists have also regarded traditional systematic or academic philosophy, in both style and content, as too abstract and remote from concrete human experience.

While the cost of supporting and hosting the project is high, OCW expanded in 2005 to include other universities as a part of the OpenCourseWare Consortium, which currently includes more than 250 academic institutions with content available in least six languages.

Most production and journalism courses incorporate media studies content, but academic institutions often establish separate departments.

Opponents say that many educational agencies have adopted outcomes which focus too much on attitudes ( e. g., " Students will enjoy physical education class ") rather than academic content.

Similarly, the " Who Controls Our Children " campaign in Pennsylvania claimed that an OBE reform effort was part of a federal program that was " stressing values over academic content, and holding students accountable for goals that are so vague and fuzzy they can't be assessed at all.

From the end of World War II until 1971, when John Rawls published A Theory of Justice, political philosophy declined in the Anglo-American academic world, as analytic philosophers expressed skepticism about the possibility that normative judgments had cognitive content, and political science turned toward statistical methods and behavioralism.

# Number of, content of and performance in academic courses beyond the minimum " a-g " requirements

In a scientific research group or academic department it is usual for the content of current scientific journals to be discussed in journal clubs.

In 1898, in part as a response to criticisms of universities which merely served as centres for the administration of tests, and calls for research and education to be more central functions of universities, the first University of London Act was passed, reforming the University and giving it responsibility for monitoring course content and academic standards within its institutions.

Bilingual education involves teaching academic content in two languages, in a native and secondary language with varying amounts of each language used in accordance with the program model.

As a pioneer in global education, AEA currently serve qualified students from over 130 universities nationwide and abroad offering courses that integrate resourceful academic content with cultural immersion.

Professional development opportunities can range from a single workshop to a semester-long academic course, to services offered by a medley of different professional development providers and varying widely with respect to the philosophy, content, and format of the learning experiences.

Departing from College Bowl's structure, the tournament featured untimed 20 / 20 games, a focus on academic content, an attempt to avoid " hoses " and riddle questions, a field open to multiple teams from each geographic region, and reasonable prices.

It features difficulty noticeably lower than normal collegiate tournaments, without sacrificing the core aspects that make ACF what it is — academic content, high question-quality standards, packet-submission requirements, and the " gentlemen's agreement " style of eligibility rules.

Though its Nationals may never approach the size of NAQT's, the continued viability of ACF is no longer regularly in doubt, largely thanks to the inherent appeal of ACF's academic content and to the outreach to new teams that ACF Fall represents.

These are often agreed to have been more focused, more technical, and of a more academic nature than the content that was being broadcast at the time on its rival, The Discovery Channel.

Other universities allow professors to give students oral examinations on papers which a professor believes to be ' ghostwritten '; if the student is unfamiliar with the content of an essay that they have submitted, then the student can be charged with academic fraud.

Specially designed academic instruction in English ( SDAIE ) is a teaching approach intended for teaching various academic content ( such as social studies, science or literature ) using the English language to students who are still learning English.

The academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory.

In each academic discipline there are dominant journals that receive the largest number of submissions, and therefore can be selective in choosing their content.

Innis Library houses content which supports the academic and research interests of the DeGroote School of Business.

In the early 1920s, dance studies ( dance practice, critical theory, Musical analysis and history ) began to be considered an academic discipline.

* Hamlet Guide – scholarly research site, includes photographs and academic analysis.

Michael Novak, a specialist in the religious beliefs of the Founding Fathers, argues that the promotion of multiculturalism, moral relativism, and secularism among academics results in academic censorship that affects information and analysis supporting the Judeo-Christian heritage.

Leisure studies is the academic discipline concerned with the study and analysis of leisure.

* The Pokey Principle by Cente Watkins, a tongue-in-cheek " academic " analysis of Pokey cartoons

In it, Spencer details almost a Shakespearean academic analysis of the standoff and the consequences of interrelationships between the state and men who live under it.

Modern academic sociology began with the analysis of religion in Émile Durkheim's 1897 study of suicide rates among Catholic and Protestant populations, a foundational work of social research which served to distinguish sociology from other disciplines, such as psychology.

The UNU Institute for Environment and Human Security ( Bonn, Germany ) explores problems and promotes solutions related to the environmental dimension of human security and aims at academic excellence in two broad thematic areas: ( i ) vulnerability assessment, resilience analysis, risk management and adaptation strategies within linked human-environment systems and ( ii ) internal displacement and transboundary migration due to environmental push-factors.

Also in 1919 Germany raised the issue of the Allied blockade to counter charges against the German use of submarine warfare. In 1928 a German academic study sponsored by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace provided a thorough analysis of the German civilian deaths during the war.

While the traditional majority view in religious Judaism has been that the teachings of Kabbalah were revealed by God to Biblical figures such as Abraham and Moses and were then transmitted orally from the Biblical era until its redaction by Shimon ben Yochai, modern academic analysis of the Zohar, such as that by the 20th century religious historian Gershom Scholem, has theorized that De Leon was the actual author.

Scholem's views are widely held as accurate among historians of the Kabbalah, but like all textual historical investigations, are not uncritically accepted ; most of the following conclusions are still accepted as accurate, although academic analysis of the original texts has progressed dramatically since Scholem's ground-breaking research.

Biologist and feminist academic Anne Fausto-Sterling rejects the discourse of biological versus social determinism and advocates a deeper analysis of how interactions between the biological being and the social environment influence individuals ' capacities.

Gender studies is a field of interdisciplinary study and academic field devoted to gender, gender identity and gendered representation as central categories of analysis.

It also found itself popular among the academic world for research and analysis of audio, and for more clandestine operations, such as speech analysis and manipulation by the intelligence services, submarine sonar and sound analysis by the Navy, flight simulators for Boeing, and even by NASA as the core of the digital camera system on board the Galileo Probe sent to study and photograph Jupiter and its moons.

This technology has been applied to computationally intensive scientific, mathematical, and academic problems through volunteer computing, and it is used in commercial enterprises for such diverse applications as drug discovery, economic forecasting, seismic analysis, and back office data processing in support for e-commerce and Web services.

Gender studies is a field of interdisciplinary study and academic field devoted to gender identity and gendered representation as central categories of analysis.

Moreover, he became an established cybernetic culture theoretician with his Internet development analysis stressing the roles of the state ( military and academic ), social movements ( computer hackers and social activists ), and business, in shaping the economic infrastructure according to their ( conflicting ) interests.

Simek's argument is supported by a statistical analysis in the same academic newsletter of the small corpus of poetic usages, which suggests that the term Vanir was a " suspended archaism " used as a metrical alternative to Æsir.

Three academic institutions around the world currently offer an accredited degree in handwriting analysis:

While the advanced mathematical nature of such adaptive systems has kept neural networks for financial analysis mostly within academic research circles, in recent years more user friendly neural network software has made the technology more accessible to traders.

Lo wrote that " several academic studies suggest that ... technical analysis may well be an effective means for extracting useful information from market prices.

While he was instrumental in the academic exploration of his techniques ( he compiled two treatises: the later one in five volumes was substantially complete when he died and was published posthumously ), and was himself a master of music analysis, he considered the development and study of techniques to be a means to intellectual, aesthetic and emotional ends.