At temperatures near 0 K, nearly all molecular motion ceases and, when entropy = S, ΔS = 0 for any adiabatic process.

Consequently no adiabatic process initiated at nonzero temperature can lead to zero temperature.

In an adiabatic irreversible process, dQ = 0 is not equal to TdS ( TdS > 0 ) where Q is thermal energy, T is temperature, and S is entropy.

An adiabatic process that is reversible is also called an isentropic process.

Conversely, an adiabatic process that is irreversible and extracts no work is in an isenthalpic process, such as viscous drag, progressing towards a nonnegative change in entropy.

Since temperature is thermodynamically conjugate to entropy, the isothermal process is conjugate to the adiabatic process for reversible transformations.

No process is truly adiabatic.

For a simple substance, during an adiabatic process in which the volume increases, the internal energy of the working substance must decrease

The mathematical equation for an ideal gas undergoing a reversible ( i. e., no entropy generation ) adiabatic process is

The definition of an adiabatic process is that heat transfer to the system is zero,.

However, P does not remain constant during an adiabatic process but

dV relate to each other as the adiabatic process proceeds.

Since we require the process to be adiabatic, the following equation needs to be true

In an adiabatic system ( e. g. a system that does not give off heat to the surroundings ), an exothermic process results in an increase in temperature.

An adiabatic ( no heat exchange ) process occurs when no heat exchange occurs.

As the air parcel expands, it pushes on the air around it, doing work ; but generally it does not gain heat in exchange from its environment, because its thermal conductivity is low ( such a process is called adiabatic ).

The main mechanism behind this process is adiabatic cooling.

Dissolution of the cloud can occur when the process of adiabatic cooling ceases after the passage of a weather disturbance or following the loss of daytime heating of the lower troposphere.

This process occurs most strongly in the summer, and takes the place of frontal, cyclonic, and convective lift which cause most adiabatic cooling in the lower atmosphere.

To do that we assume that the medium is an ideal gas and all acoustic waves compress the medium in an adiabatic and reversible manner.

Absolute zero cannot be achieved, although it is possible to reach temperatures close to it through the use of cryocoolers, dilution refrigerators, and nuclear adiabatic demagnetization.

For example, an adiabatic boundary is a boundary that is impermeable to heat transfer and the system is said to be adiabatically ( or thermally ) insulated ; an insulated wall approximates an adiabatic boundary.

Another example is the adiabatic flame temperature, which is the temperature that would be achieved by a flame in the absence of heat loss to the surroundings.

A transformation of a thermodynamic system can be considered adiabatic when it is quick enough that no significant heat is transferred between the system and the outside.

Secondly, it is impossible for any device operating on a cycle to produce net work from a single temperature reservoir ; the production of net work requires flow of heat from a hotter reservoir to a colder reservoir, or a single expanding reservoir undergoing adiabatic cooling, which performs adiabatic work.

Since the calorimeter runs in an adiabatic environment, any heat generated by the material sample under test causes the sample to increase in temperature, thus fuelling the reaction.

Along with adiabatic cooling that requires a lifting agent, there are three other main mechanisms for lowering the temperature of the air to its dew point, all of which occur near surface level and do not require any lifting of the air.

The specification above is incomplete, because for any object or system the magnitude of the compressibility depends strongly on whether the process is adiabatic or isothermal.

According to Münster ( 1970 ), " A somewhat unsatisfactory aspect of Carathéodory's theory is that a consequence of the Second Law must be considered at this point the statement of the first law, i. e. that it is not always possible to reach any state 2 from any other state 1 by means of an adiabatic process.

: For all adiabatic processes between two specified states of a closed system of any nature, the net work done is the same regardless the details of the process, and determines a state function called internal energy,.

It can be proven that any reversible adiabatic process is an isentropic process.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics was expressed via the following axiom: " In the neighbourhood of any initial state, there are states which cannot be approached arbitrarily close through adiabatic changes of state.

Poisonous additives can also get into the breathing mix if any material inside the blending valves or pipes burns, for instance when adiabatic heating occurs when decanting or boosting oxygen.

A closed simple system is an ideal system devoid of any internal adiabatic, rigid, or impermeable boundaries and not being acted upon by any external force fields or inertial forces.

It is irrelevant if the work is electrical, mechanical, chemical ,... or if done suddenly or slowly, as long as it is performed in an adiabatic way, that is to say, without heat transfer into or out of the system.

* The adiabatic lapse rates – which refer to the change in temperature of a parcel of air as it moves upwards ( or downwards ) without exchanging heat with its surroundings.

Reversible Adiabatic Process | adiabatic process: The state on the left can be reached from the state on the right as well as vice versa without exchanging heat with the environment.

Some high-efficiency engines run without explicit cooling and with only accidental heat loss, a design called adiabatic.

Note that the term " adiabatic " is traditionally used in thermodynamics to describe processes without the exchange of heat between system and environment ( see adiabatic process ).

In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process is a change that occurs without heat flow, and slowly compared to the time to reach equilibrium.

Still, without quantum mechanics, there are some things that can be said about the equilibrium distribution from thermodynamics alone, because there is still a notion of adiabatic invariance that relates boxes of different size.

This heat, along with that generated by the mechanical mixing process and the adiabatic heat within the material, cause the stirred materials to soften without melting.