In primary polydipsia, the urine osmolality should increase and stabilize at above 280 Osm / kg with fluid restriction, while a stabilization at a lower level indicates diabetes insipidus.

Stabilization in this test means, more specifically, when the hourly increase in osmolality is less than 30 Osm / kg per hour for at least 3 hours.

In primary polydipsia, the urine osmolality should increase and stabilize at above 280 Osm / kg with fluid restriction, while a stabilization at a lower level indicatess diabetes insipidus.

Stabilization in this test means, more specifically, when the hourly increase in osmolality is less than 30 Osm / kg per hour for at least 3 hours.

A state of parasympathetic `` tuning '' of the hypothalamus induced experimentally causes not only an increase in the parsympathetic reactivity of this structure to direct and reflexly induced stimuli, but leads also to an autonomic reversal: a stimulus acting sympathetically under control conditions elicits in this state of tuning a parasympathetic response!!

Weston added a tag to one cup, which causes the cupwheel speed to increase and decrease as the tag moves alternately with and against the wind.

If the wind blows into the mouth of a tube it causes an increase of pressure on one side of the manometer.

Oxygen deprivation in the brain, also known as hypoxia, causes neuronal extracellular sodium and calcium to decrease and intracellular calcium to increase, which harms neuron communication.

For example, an increase in pressure due to decreasing volume causes the reaction to shift to the side with the fewer moles of gas.

The state of instability is reached when a slight increase of the column load causes uncontrollably growing lateral deflections leading to complete collapse.

The photons that existed at the time of photon decoupling have been propagating ever since, though growing fainter and less energetic, since the expansion of space causes their wavelength to increase over time ( and wavelength is inversely proportional to energy according to Planck's relation ).

The start of vaporisation causes a delay period during ignition and the characteristic diesel knocking sound as the vapour reaches ignition temperature and causes an abrupt increase in pressure above the piston.

Heavy grazing reduces vegetative cover and causes severe soil compaction, both of which increase erosion rates.

The increased flow of water through local waterways also causes a large increase in the rate of bank erosion.

There may be evolutionary causes for irrational beliefs — irrational beliefs may increase our ability to survive and reproduce.

Dyson agrees that anthropogenic global warming exists, and has written that " ne of the main causes of warming is the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere resulting from our burning of fossil fuels such as oil and coal and natural gas.

The causes were the conflicts between Catholics and Protestants, the efforts by the various states within the Empire to increase their power and the Catholic Emperor's attempt to achieve the religious and political unity of the Empire.

They assert that by defining crimes as being committed by one group against another, rather than as being committed by individuals against their society, the labeling of crimes as “ hate crimes ” causes groups to feel persecuted by one another, and that this impression of persecution can incite a backlash and thus lead to an actual increase in crime.

The timing of the bolus is a controllable variable to bring down the blood sugar level before eating again causes it to increase.

Exposure to a foreign body causes a sterile inflammatory reaction in the intrauterine environment that is toxic to sperm and ova and impairs implantation .< sup > 28, 29 </ sup > The production of cytotoxic peptides and activation of enzymes lead to inhibition of sperm motility, reduced sperm capacitation and survival, and increased phagocytosis of sperm .< sup > 30, 31 </ sup > The TCu380A causes an increase in copper ions, enzymes, prostaglandins, and white blood cells ( macrophages ) in uterine and tubal fluids ; these impair sperm function and prevent fertilization. p.

The high temperatures coupled with an increase in insolation causes a region of low pressure to develop over west Africa and Nigeria ( between March to May ).

Any of these causes is linked with an increase in the risk of thrombosis.

Fisher's runaway process causes a dramatic increase in both the male's conspicuous feature and in female preference for it, until practical, physical constraints halt further exaggeration.

This in turn causes the star to become more luminous ( from 1, 000 – 10, 000 times brighter ) and expand ; the degree of expansion outstrips the increase in luminosity, causing the effective temperature to decrease.

This causes the cytosolic concentration of Calcium to increase, causing a cascade of intracellular changes and activity.

For example, treatment with the insecticide triazophos causes an increase in the content of brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens ( Stål )) male accessory gland proteins ( Acps ) that can be transferred to females via mating, causing an increase in fecundity ( i. e. birth rate ) of females.

Evidence indicates that glutamine when orally loaded may increase plasma HGH levels by stimulating the anterior pituitary gland.

The Cowper's gland also produces some amount of prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ), and Cowper's tumors may increase PSA to a level that makes prostate cancer suspected.

In early life stages, fish have to rise to the surface to fill up their swim bladders, however, in later stages the connection disappears and the gas gland has to introduce gas ( usually oxygen ) to the bladder to increase its volume and thus increase buoyancy.

Note that in this regard both parasympathetic and sympathetic stimuli result in an increase in salivary gland secretions.

The RAS also acts on the CNS to increase water intake by stimulating thirst, as well as conserving blood volume, by reducing urinary loss through the secretion of Vasopressin from the posterior pituitary gland.

Orienting responses to unexpected stimuli, arousal and worry, and cognitive activity can increase eccrine sweat gland activity, increasing the conductivity of the skin for electrical current.

It acts to increase the concentration of calcium ( Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup >) in the blood, whereas calcitonin ( a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells ( C cells ) of the thyroid gland ) acts to decrease calcium concentration.

An increase in the production of mineralocorticoid from the adrenal gland is evident.

Speculative suggestions have been made that an increase of N-Dimethyltryptamine levels in the pineal gland contribute to spiritual experiences.

The end result of increased secretion by the chief cells of a parathyroid gland is an increase in the serum level of Calcium.

The parathyroid glands, located on the dorsal aspect of the thyroid gland, secrete parathyroid hormone ( PTH ), which causes an increase in blood calcium levels by targeting bone, the intestine, and the kidneys.

It rapidly binds to the LHRH receptor cells in the pituitary gland thus leading to an initial increase in production of luteinizing hormone and thus leading to an initial increase in the production of corresponding sex hormones.

Dilution, binding of histamine and increase in pH ( from pH ~ 5 in salivary gland to pH ~ 7. 4 in the host tissue ) facilitate the release of NO into the tissue where it induces vasodilatation.

A low amount of thyroxine ( one of the two thyroid hormones ) in the blood, due to lack of dietary iodine to make it, gives rise to high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH ), which stimulates the thyroid gland to increase many biochemical processes ; the cellular growth and proliferation can result in the characteristic swelling or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, or goiter.

Between August and October, when there is enough rainfall, females enter ovulation and the males ' testosterone levels and prostate gland size increase.