Cygwin began in 1995 as a project of Steve Chamberlain, a Cygnus engineer who observed that Windows NT and 95 used COFF as their object file format, and that GNU already included support for x86 and COFF, and the C library newlib.

However, in some operating systems, a name may include a specification of type that means a directory can contain an identical name for more than one type of object such as a directory and a file.

* Next, run the macro assembler on < tt > test. sr </ tt > to create the object file < tt > test. rb </ tt >: < u >< tt > mac / l test </ tt ></ u > ( the < tt >/ l </ tt > option enables the listing file < tt > test. ls </ tt >, which can be copied to the console using the command < u >< tt > type test. ls </ tt ></ u >).

* The relocatable loader, < tt > rldr </ tt >, takes the object file and creates the executable < tt > test. sv </ tt >: < u >< tt > rldr test </ tt ></ u >

In computing, the Executable and Linkable Format ( ELF, formerly called Extensible Linking Format ) is a common standard file format for executables, object code, shared libraries, and core dumps.

* The Unix utility can display some information about ELF files, including the instruction set architecture for which the code in a relocatable, executable, or shared object file is intended, or on which an ELF core dump was produced.

For example, on SINTRAN III the process performed by a linker ( assembling object files into a program ) was called loading ( as in loading executable code onto a file ).

Computer programs typically comprise several parts or modules ; all these parts / modules need not be contained within a single object file, and in such case refer to each other by means of symbols.

Typically, an object file can contain three kinds of symbols:

* local symbols, used internally within the object file to facilitate relocation.

For most compilers, each object file is the result of compiling one input source code file.

* Loadable kernel module an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel

The special reserve units remained in Britain throughout the First World War, but their rank and file did not, since the object of the special reserve was to supply drafts of replacements for the overseas units of the regiment.

Later ( in 1983 ) a general availability implementation, known as Smalltalk-80 Version 2, was released as an image ( platform-independent file with object definitions ) and a virtual machine specification.

In computer science, in the context of data storage and transmission, serialization is the process of converting a data structure or object state into a format that can be stored ( for example, in a file or memory buffer, or transmitted across a network connection link ) and " resurrected " later in the same or another computer environment.

R has the function which writes an ASCII text representation of an R object to a file or connection.

To reconstitute the objects, use the cmdlet, which generates a deserialized object from the XML in the exported file.

* This minimal amount of information translates to a much smaller file size compared to large raster images ( the size of representation does not depend on the dimensions of the object ), though a vector graphic with a small file size is often said to lack detail compared with a real world photo.

It is mostly used to save a recordset in an XML format, to send commands to an OLE DB provider as an alternative to the CommandText object and to contain the contents of a binary or text file.

ReiserFS stores file metadata (" stat items "), directory entries (" directory items "), inode block lists (" indirect items "), and tails of files (" direct items ") in a single, combined B + tree keyed by a universal object ID.

Unlike the " everything is a file " feature of Unix and its derivatives, on OS / 400 everything is an object ( with built-in persistence and garbage collection ).

However, the type of a concrete object ( and hence a concrete factory ) is known by the abstract factory ; for instance, the factory may read it from a configuration file.

The tools developed by GST for the QL would later be used on the Atari ST, where GST object format became standard.

When the resulting series of bits is reread according to the serialization format, it can be used to create a semantically identical clone of the original object.

The following example of an ASP page with VBScript displays the current time in 24-hour format ( Note that an '=' sign occurring after a context switch (<%) is short-hand for a call to Write () method of the Response object ), but it is also used as the default script for error messages with the windows operating systems.

Languages which target a CLI-compatible runtime environment compile to CIL, which is assembled into an object code that has a bytecode-style format.

* and in the case of a complete operating system ABI, the binary format of object files, program libraries and so on.

The key feature was the language's support for a " second chance " method in all classes ; if a method call on an object failed because the object didn't support it ( normally not allowed in most languages due to strong typing ), the runtime would then bundle the message into a compact format and pass it back into the object's method.

The Portable Executable ( PE ) format is a file format for executables, object code and DLLs, used in 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows operating systems.

The general format for a block of AppleScript is to tell a scriptable object to run a command.

When an OLE object is placed on the clipboard or embedded in a document, both a visual representation in native Windows formats ( such as a bitmap or metafile ) is stored, as well as the underlying data in its own format.

Another form of logic puzzle, popular among puzzle enthusiasts and available in magazines dedicated to the subject, is a format in which the set-up to a scenario is given, as well as the object ( for example, determine who brought what dog to a dog show, and what breed each dog was ), certain clues are given (" neither Misty nor Rex is the German Shepherd "), and then the reader fills out a matrix with the clues and attempts to deduce the solution.

This means an entire Java object can be saved and sent, and used remotely as if it were local, as opposed to creating a specific format for sending data in each new implementation.

From then it quickly changed from a simple format using tags to a very complex object oriented persistence layer called Bento.

Descriptive bibliography is the close examination and cataloging of a text as a physical object, recording its size, format, binding, and so on, while textual bibliography ( or textual criticism ) identifies variations – and the aetiology of variations – in a text with a view to determining " the establishment of the most correct form of text ( Bowers 498 ).

A DIB is an external format, in contrast to a device-dependent bitmap, which appears in the system as a bitmap object ( created by an application ...).

The Common Object File Format ( COFF ) is a specification of a format for executable, object code, and shared library computer files used on Unix systems.

The original Unix object file format a. out is unable to adequately support shared libraries, foreign format identification, or explicit address linkage.

Developed for Windows NT, the PE format ( sometimes written as PE / COFF ) uses a COFF header for object files, and as a component of the PE header for executable files.

An object file is a file containing relocatable format machine code that is usually not directly executable.

The supreme object of their lives is now fulfilled, says the wife, her husband has achieved immortality.

But by comparison with the railroad, the motor car is a relatively new object of popular worship, so it is too much to hope that it may be brought within the bounds of civilized usage quickly and easily.

One consequence is the occurrence of occasional conflicts because private owners of some inholdings object to public programs of use on neighboring National Forest or other Federal land, or because such ownerships are developed for uses that are not compatible with use for the public of neighboring National Forest land.

Just because a tree or other object appears in a certain spot is absolutely no reason to place it in the same position in the painting, unless the position serves the design of the whole composition.

My object, rather, is to alert you to an aspect or two of the affair that could have the gravest implications for you, far beyond the legal sanctions society might inflict.

In the Steiners have busy lives without visiting relatives only context can indicate whether visiting relatives is equivalent in meaning to paying visits to relatives or to relatives who are visiting them, and in I looked up the number and I looked up the chimney only the meanings of number and chimney make it clear that up is syntactically a second complement in the first sentence and a preposition followed by its object in the second.

If a litigant chooses to enforce a Federal right in a State court, he cannot be heard to object if he is treated exactly as are plaintiffs who press like claims arising under State law with regard to the form in which the claim must be stated -- the particularity, for instance, with which a cause of action must be described.

Therefore, if the sense of touch is functioning normally and there is a complete absence of spatial awareness in a psychically-blind person when the eyes are closed and an object is handled, the conclusion seems unavoidable that touch by itself cannot focus and take possession of the third-dimensionality of things and that actual sight or visual representations are necessary.

A Pollock is an object of art -- bijouterie -- disguised only by its great size.

the language, however, is a proper object of scrutiny, and the effects of the language are palpable even if sometimes inevitable.

The DC statement is used to name and enter constants into the object program.

Hereby, the external object viewed by the eyes remains the thing that is seen, not the retinal image, the purpose of which would be to achieve perceptive cooperation by stirring sympathetic impulses in the other sensory centers, motor tensions, associated word symbols, and consciousness.

By using instruments of gradually increasing size, the vagina is gently, and with minimum pain at each stage, taught to yield to an object of the appropriate shape.

the cinematic element of time is merely used to increase the realism of an object which would still be reasonably realistic in a still photo.

and again, that `` the object of non-violent resistance is partly analogous to this object of war -- namely, to demoralize the opponent, to break his will, to destroy his confidence, enthusiasm, and hope.

These voters view the political process as a secret conspiracy, the object of which is to plunder them ''.

Science is fully competent to deal with any element of experience which arises from an object in space and time.

That community of all creation is, then, the ultimate object of our loyalty and the concrete norm of all moral judgment.

Cultural anthropology also covers economic and political organization, law and conflict resolution, patterns of consumption and exchange, material culture, technology, infrastructure, gender relations, ethnicity, childrearing and socialization, religion, myth, symbols, values, etiquette, worldview, sports, music, nutrition, recreation, games, food, festivals, and language ( which is also the object of study in linguistic anthropology ).

The name " Alaska " ( Аляска ) was already introduced in the Russian colonial period, when it was used only for the peninsula and is derived from the Aleut alaxsxaq, meaning " the mainland " or, more literally, " the object towards which the action of the sea is directed ".