In an article in the journal American Speech, linguist Edwin Battistella analyzes the development of the expression from ironic mockery of bodybuilding culture to an overt connotation of weakness and a covert connotation of effeminacy.

Other semiotically-oriented work has investigated the isomorphism of form and meaning with less emphasis on invariance, including the efforts of Henning Andersen, Michael Shapiro, and Edwin Battistella.

* Battistella Edwin 1990 Markedness: The Evaluative Superstructure of Language.

* Battistella Edwin 1996 The Logic of Markedness.

" Edwin Craye, Florence's younger brother, explains that he was tidying Bertie's room as last Saturday's act of kindness, since he is five days behind, and had been six until he polished Bertie's shoes.

In the company of Edwin and his loves are a dramatic array of thinly veiled representations of theatrical personages of the time, amongst them Daniel Mendoza, an exacting and powerful impresario, who controls the lives of his leading ladies ; the goatish, démodé manager, Matthew Lewis, who promotes Julia Scarlet as “ the American Sarah Bernhardt ”; the worldly-wise veteran of the stage, Ottilie Potter, who has gotten where she is because, “ Men had what I wanted, and I had what they wanted ”; and the huge, manlike Helen Sampson, chief among theatrical agents.

The origin of the nickname appears to be a poem entitled “ The Pilgrims At Home ” written by Edwin Fitzwilliam that was sung at the 1907 home opener (“ Rory O ’ More ” melody ).

Pappas developed his treatment of Berkeley ’ s “ esse est percipi ” principle to repudiate the " inherence interpretation of Berkeley ", upon which Edwin E. Allaire, among others, elaborated

For the Scottish poet, Edwin Muir “ Mr. Huxley ’ s experiment is extraordinary, and is beautifully described ”.

* Lindgren, Carl Edwin as “ Neophyte ” ( 1996 ) Spiritual Alchemists: Rosicrucians, the Brotherhood of Light Ars Latomorum Publications, New Orleans, Louisiana, ISBN 1-885591-18-7

Edwin Schur and Hugo Bedau state in their book Victimless Crimes: Two sides of a Controversy “ some of these laws produce secondary crime, and all create new ‘ criminals ’ many of whom are otherwise law abiding citizens and people in authority .” This is an issue in the United States where prison rates keep increasing even though it already has the highest prison population out of any country.

American Minister Edwin H. Conger cabled Washington, “ the whole country is swarming with hungry, discontented, hopeless idlers .” On 30 May the diplomats, led by British Minister Claude Maxwell MacDonald, requested that foreign soldiers come to Beijing to defend the legations.

As sanitary reform ’ s engineering leader, London ’ s Edwin Chadwick, put it, “ all smell is disease .” The theory led to sanitation improvements, such as preventing the reflux of noxious air from sewers back into houses by separate drainage systems in the sanitation designs, which incidentally led to decreased episodes of cholera, and thus helped to support the theory.

Harry Edwin Heilmann ( August 3, 1894 – July 9, 1951 ), nicknamed “ Slug ,” was a Major League Baseball player who played 17 seasons with the Detroit Tigers ( 1914, 1916 – 1929 ) and Cincinnati Reds ( 1930, 1932 ).

He may have been recruited by Ted Shackley, joining his Secret Team that had been involved with Edwin Wilson, Thomas Clines, Carl Jenkins, Rafael Quintero, Felix Rodriguez and Luis Posada Carriles, in the CIA “ assassination ” program.

" His son, Edwin, later says of his father, “ Great minds to madness closely are allied .” From February 1817 onward, he played almost three thousand performances.

As Edwin King, who ran for Lieutenant Governor on the MFDP ticket, stated, “ Our assumption was that the parents of the Freedom School children, when we met them at night, that the Freedom Democratic Party would be the PTA .”

In 1858, Thomas and his father, Edwin M. Holt, acquired Benjamin Trollinger ’ s bankrupt textile-manufacturing mill later known as the “ Granite Mill ,” ( located in Haw River, North Carolina ).

One prewar observer, Portland Urban League secretary Edwin C. Berry, described Portland as a “‘ northern ’ city with a ‘ southern ’ exposure ,” arguing that the city shared with southern cities “ traditions, attitudes, and things interracial in character .” During the 1920s, Oregon had one of the largest and most active chapters of the Ku Klux Klan outside of the Deep South.

Edwin “ Honest Ed ” Mirvish, OC, CBE ( 24 July 1914 – 11 July 2007 ) was a Canadian businessman, philanthropist and theatrical impresario who lived in Toronto, Ontario.

However, in 1861 he returned to Boonville and reopened the school as the “ Kemper & Taylor Institute ” in partnership with his wife ’ s brother, Edwin H. Taylor.

“ The Compositional Significance of Joseph Schillinger ’ s System of Musical Composition as Reflected in the Works of Edwin Gerschefski ,” Ph. D., diss.

According to Edwin Wilson and Alvin Goldfarb in Living Theatre, “ the predominant approach to acting in the 18th century is usually described as bombastic or declamatory, terms that suggest its emphasis on oratorical skills ”.

* Edwin “ Winie ” Schal ( 1972 )

Edwin H. Blashfield, the artist, wrote of it: “ The main idea of the picture is a symbolical presentation of the Pioneers led by the spirits of Civilization and Enlightenment to the conquest by cultivation of the Great West .”

He applauded the establishment of Public Baths and Wash-houses, as “ amongst the noblest of the institutions … as they are one of the greatest discoveries of the present age ”, and dedicated his 1854 book Healthy Skin to another sanitary reform proponent, Edwin Chadwick " In admiration of his strenuous and indefatigable labors in the cause of Sanitary Reform ".

On November 28, 1828 a contest was posted in the New York Critic by American actor, Edwin Forrest, offering a prize of 500 dollars for an original play which met such criteria as, “ a tragedy, in five acts, of which the hero, or principal character, shall be an aboriginal of this country .” Forrest, looking to produce a play suiting his strengths, created the contest as an opportunity to boost his acting career.

2006 A History of the Idea of “ God ’ s Law ” ( Theonomy ): Its Origins, Development and Place in Political and Legal Thought Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press.

To simplify things and avoid the inevitable misspellings that were likely to occur, on the evening of May 17, 1865, Griffith, after discussing the matter with Central Pacific legal counsel Edwin Bryant Crocker ( known later for the Crocker Art Museum ), agreed to drop the “ h ” from the original Welsh spelling and settled on the name, and spelling, we know today.

Although Villani attributed the losses to the companies ' massive monetary loans to Edward III of England which were never repaid, historian Edwin S. Hunt suggests that the firms simply lacked the resources to have made such loans, which in all probability were much smaller and were not the key reasons for the companies ' failures.

The fact that Edwin, a son of Ælla and possibly Æthelric's brother, had to flee into exile suggests that Deira may have been conquered by Æthelfrith, and in this case Æthelric may have been killed during warfare.

An ancient Egyptian treatise concerning trauma surgery, the Edwin Smith papyrus, contains descriptions and suggests treatments for various injuries, including some of neurological nature.

In 1928, Edwin Hubble was the first to note that the changing aspect of the Crab nebula, which was growing bigger in size, suggests that it is the remains of a stellar explosion.

While it mentions the theory that Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton was involved in the assassination conspiracy, the book dismisses it and suggests that John Wilkes Booth took on the role of assassin largely for personal reasons.

Edwin Colbert suggests that perhaps it was a nocturnal animal like modern frogs.

Topological manifolds of dimensions 2 and 3 are always triangulable by an essentially unique triangulation ( up to piecewise-linear equivalence ); this was proved for surfaces by Tibor Radó in the 1920s and for three-manifolds by Edwin E. Moise and R. H. Bing in the 1950s, with later simplifications by Peter Shalen (, ).

In the mid-twentieth century linguistic issues were prominent in the successive incumbencies of Edwin Morris ( who spoke no Welsh ) and of Glyn Simon ( who sympathised with advocates of the use of the Welsh language ).

The conceptions of learning he found most useful in his own detailed analysis of " classroom learning " came from cognitive anthropologists Jean Lave ( situated learning ) and Edwin Hutchins ( distributed cognition ).

Vector calculus was developed from quaternion analysis by J. Willard Gibbs and Oliver Heaviside near the end of the 19th century, and most of the notation and terminology was established by Gibbs and Edwin Bidwell Wilson in their 1901 book, Vector Analysis.

A mathematical implementation of both the law of continuity and infinitesimals was achieved by Abraham Robinson in 1961, who developed non-standard analysis based on earlier work by Edwin Hewitt in 1948 and Jerzy Łoś in 1955.

In the 1960s, building upon earlier work by Edwin Hewitt and Jerzy Łoś, Abraham Robinson developed rigorous mathematical explanations for Leibniz ' intuitive notion of the " infinitesimal ," and developed non-standard analysis based on these ideas.

Independent scientists Edwin May and James Spottiswoode conducted an analysis of the data around the 11 September 2001 events and concluded there was no statistically significant change in the randomness of the GCP data during the attacks and the apparent significant deviation reported by Nelson and Radin existed only in their chosen time window.

Much urban economic analysis relies on a particular model of urban spatial structure, the monocentric city model pioneered in the 1960s by William Alonso, Richard Muth, and Edwin Mills.

Managerial economics as defined by Edwin Mansfield is " concerned with application of economic concepts and economic analysis to the problems of formulating rational managerial decision.

According to geologist Edwin Gnos and coworkers, the meteorite's origin can be pinpointed to the vicinity of the Lalande impact crater ; isotopic analysis shows a complex history of four distinct lunar impacts: