The whole territory, from the junction of the Kokcha river with the Amu Darya on the north-east to the province of Herat on the south-west, was some in length, with an average width from the Russian frontier to the Hindu Kush of 114 miles ( 183 km ).

In 1885, at the moment when the Amir was in conference with the British viceroy, Lord Dufferin, in India, the news came of a skirmish between Russian and Afghan troops at Panjdeh, over a disputed point in the demarcation of the northwestern frontier of Afghanistan.

To one who had been a man of war from his youth, who had won and lost many fights, the rout of a detachment and the forcible seizure of some debatable frontier lands was an untoward incident ; but it was not a sufficient reason for calling upon the British, although they had guaranteed his territory's integrity, to vindicate his rights by hostilities which would certainly bring upon him a Russian invasion from the north, and would compel his British allies to throw an army into Afghanistan from the southeast.

The first important frontier dispute was the Panjdeh crisis of 1885, precipitated by Russian encroachment into Central Asia.

Then, by allying with the rulers of Austria and Prussia, she incorporated the territories of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth, where after a century of Russian rule non-Catholic mainly Orthodox population prevailed during the Partitions of Poland, pushing the Russian frontier westward into Central Europe.

She extended Russian political control over the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and incorporated most of its territories into Russia during the Partitions of Poland, pushing the Russian frontier westward into Central Europe.

In the Russian Empire, Jews were restricted to the so-called Pale of Settlement, the Western frontier of the Russian Empire corresponding roughly to the modern-day countries of Poland, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine.

The wooden fort of Omsk was erected on August 2, 1716 to protect the expanding Russian frontier along the Ishim and the Irtysh rivers against the Kyrgyz nomads of the Steppes.

Today, Frombork is regaining its importance as a tourist destination, abetted by its key location just south of the frontier with the Russian district of Kaliningrad.

The city was founded on August 19, 1628 as a Russian border fort when a group of service class people from Yeniseysk led by Andrey Dubenskoy arrived at the confluence of the Kacha and Yenisei Rivers and constructed fortifications intended to protect the frontier from attacks of native peoples who lived along Yenisei and its tributaries.

The Russian forces massed along the Polish frontier were obliged to fall back in the face of the swift French advance.

After lengthy debate the Swedish parliament decided in 1747 to fortify the Russian frontier and to establish a naval base at Helsinki as a counter to Kronstadt.

He was born at Matzicken, a village just to the east of Heydekrug in the Province of Prussia ( now Macikai and Šilutė, in southwestern Lithuania ), close to the Russian frontier.

There she obtained an Austrian passport to the frontier, and after some fears and trouble, receiving a Russian passport in Galicia, she at last escaped from Napoleon's omnipotent eyes and far reach.

While Napoleon had assessed that the Coalition forces in and around Brussels on the borders of north east France posed the greatest threat because Tolly's Russian army of 150, 000 were still not in the theatre, Spain was slow to mobilise, Prince Schwarzenberg's Austrian army of 210, 000 were slow to cross the Rhine, and another Austrian force menacing the south eastern frontier of France was still not a direct threat, Napoleon still had to place some badly needed forces in positions where they could defend France against other Coalition forces whatever the outcome of the Waterloo campaign.

" The authors of the book go on to note that " Those Uzes or Torks who settled along the Russian frontier were gradually Slavicized though they also played a leading role as cavalry in twelfth and early thirteenth century Russian armies where they were known as Black Hats .... Oghuz warriors served in almost all Islamic armies of the Middle East from the eleventh century onwards, in Byzantium from the ninth century, and even in Spain and Morocco.

Sweden's particular geographical position made her virtually invulnerable for six months out of the twelve, her Pomeranian possessions afforded her an easy ingress into the very heart of the moribund empire, while her Finnish frontier was not many leagues from the Russian capital.

In Saint Petersburg, his stubbornness was viewed as a convenient pretext to occupy Finland, thus pushing the Russo-Swedish frontier considerably to the west of the Russian capital and safeguarding it in case of any future hostilities between the two powers.

People in other countries such as France and England were more inclined to migrate to the colonies in the Americas than to the Russian frontier.

When Johann Anton Güldenstädt travelled in the Russian empire's southern frontier during 1768 – 1775 at the behest of Catherine II of Russia, he was the first naturalist to catch sight of a Kirmyschak in the Caucasus.

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

The French and Russian Romantic composer particularly expanded its symphonic use.

By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland in Europe to Alaska in North America.

After a military coup d ' état in 1961, this force was expanded and modernized with the assistance of Russian and Cuban advisors.

As the Russian Civil War expanded, Dzerzhinsky also began organizing internal security troops to enforce the Cheka's authority.

Balhae controlled the northern areas of the Korean Peninsula, much of Manchuria ( though it didn't occupy Liaodong peninsula for much of history ), and expanded into present-day Russian Primorsky Krai.

The title grand prince ( which in many of those lands already was in later medieval centuries awarded simultaneously to several rulers of the more expanded dynasty ) continued, in modern times, as a courtesy title for all or several members of the Russian dynasty, such as the Grand Duke of Russia ( veliki knjaz ) in Russia's imperial era.

As reported by Reuters on March 3, 2010, Russia announced that the country would double the number of launches of three-man Soyuz ships to four that year, because " permanent crews of professional astronauts aboard the expanded station are set to rise to six "; regarding space tourism, the head of the Russian Cosmonauts ' Training Center said " for some time there will be a break in these journeys ".

Russian presence in the area dates to the 17th century, as the Russian Tsardom expanded eastward following the conquest of the Khanate of Sibir in 1582.

During the Second World War, Russian, German, British, and Italian international broadcasting services expanded.

While he learned from Glinka certain methods of treating Russian folk song instrumentally, a bright, transparent orchestral technique ( something he also learned from the works of Hector Berlioz ) and many elements of his basic style, he developed and expanded upon what he had learned, fusing it satisfactorily with then-advanced Romantic compositional techniques.

As the territory of the Russian State expanded the position was somewhat degraded for the territories that drifted away from the international borders.

What is known is that the tower was originally built or expanded by Sevastopol merchants and then later taken over by the Russian Navy.

The range of the Hermitage's exhibits was further expanded when private art collections from several palaces of the Russian Tsars and numerous private mansions were being nationalized and then redistributed among major Soviet state museums.

In 1905 – 1914 Russian architecture passed through a brief but influential period of neoclassical revival ; the trend began with recreation of Empire style of alexandrine period and quickly expanded into a variety of neo-Renaissance, palladian and modernized, yet recognizably classical schools.

It also became a means of expressing Russian supremacy as the empire expanded under Alexander II.

During the 16th and 17th centuries, Britain, France and Holland established their own overseas empires in direct competition with each other as well as the earlier Iberian ones, while the land-based Russian Empire expanded across northern and Central Asia.

After settling in Poland ( later Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth ) and Hungary ( later Austria-Hungary ), the population expanded into the lightly populated areas of Ukraine and Lithuania, which were to become part of the expanding Russian empire.

As Finland became part of the Russian Empire in 1809, Tsar Alexander I expanded the University and allocated substantial funds to it.

As the Russian Empire expanded eastward and more of Tartary became known to Europeans, the term fell into disuse.

It was here, roughly between the Dnepr River and the Ural Mountains, that the Russian Empire took shape and gradually over centuries expanded to the Pacific Ocean and into Central Asia.

After World War II, the " Russian Section " at Arlington Hall expanded.

In 1930 he published his most notable book, the Zarys teorii całki ( Sketch on the Theory of the Integral ), which later got expanded and translated into several languages, including English ( Theory of the Integral ), French ( Théorie de l ' Intégrale ) and Russian ( Teoriya Integrala ).