significance of the experiment is determined by a ratio of two

of means and variances, dividing two variances and comparing the ratio

Using the F-distribution is a natural candidate because the test statistic is the ratio of two scaled sums of squares each of which follows a scaled chi-squared distribution.

The stronger of two acids will have a higher K < sub > a </ sub > than the weaker acid ; the ratio of hydrogen ions to acid will be higher for the stronger acid as the stronger acid has a greater tendency to lose its proton.

The aspect ratio is expressed as two numbers separated by a colon ( x: y ).

The test presents roughly the same amount of mode I and mode II with a slight dependence on the ratio of the two layer thicknesses.

The radiation flux without a sample and with a sample in the atomizer is measured using a detector, and the ratio between the two values ( the absorbance ) is converted to analyte concentration or mass using the Beer-Lambert Law.

Trans., 1830, 3, p. 1 ) is fulfilled in all systems which are symmetrical with respect to their diaphragm ( briefly named symmetrical or holosymmetrical objectives ), or which consist of two like, but different-sized, components, placed from the diaphragm in the ratio of their size, and presenting the same curvature to it ( hemisymmetrical objectives ); in these systems tan w ' / tan w

This combined condition is exactly fulfilled by holosymmetrical objectives reproducing with the scale 1, and by hemisymmetrical, if the scale of reproduction be equal to the ratio of the sizes of the two components.

Instead, the ratio of the speed of the wind and that of the cups, the anemometer factor, depends on the dimensions of the cups and arms, and may have a value between two and a little over three.

The ratio of these two is quoted as the amplifier dynamic range.

However, before reaching the transition temperature, the specific heat of the superconductor becomes even higher than that of the normal conductor ( measured immediately above the transition ) and the ratio of these two values is found to be universally given by 2. 5.

For example, water is a compound containing hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of two to one, with the oxygen atom between the two hydrogen atoms, and an angle of 104. 5 ° between them.

However, the instability in the ratio between the two grew over the course of the 19th century, with the increase both in supply of these metals, particularly silver, and of trade.

Mass-dependent differences in calcium isotope composition conventionally are expressed the ratio of two isotopes ( usually < sup > 44 </ sup > Ca /< sup > 40 </ sup > Ca ) in a sample compared to the same ratio in a standard reference material.

The ratio of the widths of two consecutive frets is the twelfth root of two (), whose numeric value is about 1. 059463.

The two corrections for dynamic compression ratio affect cylinder pressure in opposite directions, but not in equal strength.

The simplest Cauchy distribution is called the standard Cauchy distribution is the distribution of a random variable that is the ratio of two independent standard normal random variables.

When U and V are two independent normally distributed random variables with expected value 0 and variance 1, then the ratio U / V has the standard Cauchy distribution.

suggesting the ratio of two infinitesimal quantities.

Comparing the two formulae it can be seen that for a given compression ratio (), the ideal Otto cycle will be more efficient.

The eccentricity of an ellipse, usually denoted by ε or e, is the ratio of the distance between the two foci, to the length of the major axis or e = 2f / 2a = f / a.

While Proust believed that chemical compounds are composed of a fixed ratio of their constituent elements irrespective of the methods of production, Berthollet believed that this ratio can change according to the ratio of the reactants initially taken.

This in turn means that the ratio of compounds in the remaining liquid is now different from the initial ratio ( i. e. more enriched in B than the starting liquid ).

The distinction may also arise from variation in the comparative ratio of two potato starch compounds: amylose and amylopectin.

While almost all reactions have integer-ratio stoichiometry in amount of matter units ( moles, number of particles ), some nonstoichiometric compounds are known that cannot be represented by a ratio of well-defined natural numbers.

There may also be a use for plantains in the abatement of enteric methane from ruminants, as the natural compounds present ( e. g. condensed tannins ; ~ 14g / kg DM ), affect the acetate-propionate ratio in the rumen which is a primary mechanism by which methanogenesis is restricted.

b. higher polarization power of ( i. e. charge size ratio ) resulting in increased covalent character of its compounds which is responsible for their solubility in organic solvents

Given its high charge-to-size ratio nearly all compounds of boron are covalent, barring some complexed anionic and cationic species.

Chlorophyll content can also be assessed with a chlorophyll fluorometer, which measures a chlorophyll fluorescence ratio to identify phenolic compounds that are produced in higher quantities when nitrogen is limited.

The presence of toxic compounds combined with a low carbon: nitrogen ratio make the leaves and branches of scleromorphic species long-lived in the litter, and can lead to a large build-up of litter in woodlands.

The process of polymerization is called " curing ", and can be controlled through temperature, choice of resin and hardener compounds, and the ratio of said compounds ; the process can take minutes to hours.

An indication of numbers: the separation of two compounds with relative volatility of 1. 1 requires a minimum of 130 theoretical plates with a minimum reflux ratio of 20.

* Superplasticizer, a type of high molecular weight organic compounds added to cement to reduce the water-to-cement ratio while improving concrete workability

The particular amount and ratio of the polyphenol compounds found in tea varies widely from one type of white tea to another, frequently overlapping with chemical compositions found in green tea.

The metal ratio in such compounds can vary over a broad range.

Mass spectrometry, often used to determine structure, is a method in which individual compounds are identified based on their mass / charge ratio, after ionization.

One of the described compounds, a classical THC-type cannabinoid, L-759, 656, in which the phenolic group is blocked as a methyl ether, has a CB < sub > 1 </ sub >/ CB < sub > 2 </ sub > binding ratio > 1000.

The capsules and tablets often contain 100 mg of a standardized amount of 3 % rosavins and 0. 8 – 1. 0 % salidroside because the naturally occurring ratio of these compounds in Rhodiola rosea root is approximately 3: 1.

Absolute concentrations of trace compounds present in air, breath or the headspace of bottled liquid samples can be calculated in real time from ratio of the precursor and product ion signal ratios, without the need for sample preparation or calibration with standard mixtures.

Furthermore, the parallel use of three precursor ions may allow the operator to distinguish between two or more compounds that react to produce ions of the same mass-to-charge ratio in certain spectra.

When a solution of both compounds in a 2: 1 ratio in water is boiled for 2 days and then allowed to rest for 10 hours at room temperature orange-yellow crystals form.

These compounds all alter the stoichiometric ratio, with most of the additives pushing the ratio downward ( oxygenators bring extra oxygen to the combustion event in liquid form that is released at time of combustions ; for MTBE-laden fuel, a stoichiometric ratio can be as low as 14. 1: 1 ).