During the Carolingian epoch the custom grew up of granting these as regular heritable fiefs or benefices, and by the 10th century, before the great Cluniac reform, the system was firmly established.

Over the following centuries the system grew until finally almost anyone who wished to become an official had to prove his worth by passing written government examinations.

Eventually, the system grew to include seven senior colleges, four hybrid schools, seven community colleges, as well as graduate schools and professional programs.

He created an efficient system of taxation that generated enormous revenues for the government, his court became a center of Renaissance learning and culture, and the people of Milan grew to love him.

Later GP-related work grew out of the learning classifier system community, which developed sets of sparse rules describing optimal policies for Markov decision processes.

The development and proliferation of personal computers using the CP / M operating system in the late 1970s, and later DOS-based systems starting in 1981, meant that many sites grew to dozens or even hundreds of computers.

For example, the Aztecs used a system in which one turkey cost one hundred cacao beans and one fresh avocado was worth three beans ; and all of the areas conquered by the Aztecs that grew cacao beans were ordered to pay them as a tax, or as the Aztecs called it, a " tribute ".

Over the following centuries the system grew until finally almost anyone who wished to become an official had to prove his worth by passing written government examinations.

However, over the centuries, the age sets grew out-of-alignment with the actual ages of their members, and some time in the 19th century, another age set system was instituted.

The television system grew rapidly in 1980s, with 90 television stations and 80 million sets by 1987.

The POSIX specifications for Unix-like operating system environments originally consisted of a single document for the core programming interface, but eventually grew to 19 separate documents ( for example, POSIX. 1, POSIX. 2 etc.

The “ scope of usefulness ” of the language grew to include system programming and event-driven programming.

As computer power grew, it became possible to host the PS system in the computer rather than the printer.

The Reformation spread peacefully throughout the country ( giving rise to the Polish Brethren ), while living conditions improved, cities grew, and exports of agricultural products enriched the population, especially the nobility ( szlachta ) who gained dominance in the new political system of Golden Liberty.

The MIPS architecture grew out of a graduate course by John L. Hennessy at Stanford University in 1981, resulted in a functioning system in 1983, and could run simple programs by 1984.

Although various other members of the Nymphaeaceae family grew well, the house did not suit the Victoria, purportedly because of a poor ventilation system, and this specimen, was moved to another, smaller, house.

The 32X was primarily envisioned as a system which would extend the life of the Sega Mega Drive / Genesis and provide revenue while the installed userbase of the Sega Saturn slowly grew.

The 360s were extremely successful in the market, allowing customers to purchase a smaller system with the knowledge they would always be able to migrate upward if their needs grew, without reprogramming of application software.

Just prior to his death, Hideyoshi hoped to set up a system stable enough to survive until his son grew old enough to become the next leader.

( Eventually, the highway system grew to include a parallel toll road to handle commuter traffic and an extension to connect to I-66 ).

But the state system, which grew out of the social contract, was anarchic ( without leadership ).

As the telephone system grew, it became preferable to use cable rather than open wires to save space, and also to avoid poor performance during bad weather.

In Tout's opinion, " Even the parliamentary system grew up in obedience to the royal will.

Natural deduction grew out of a context of dissatisfaction with the axiomatizations of deductive reasoning common to the systems of Hilbert, Frege, and Russell ( see, e. g., Hilbert system ).

This worked well with a system with a few hundred kilobytes of storage and perhaps a hundred files, but as the systems grew into megabytes and thousands of files, the performance degraded rapidly.

By monitoring, we mean some system of control over the types of information sent from the various centers.

It is the consequence of the system of ideas that constitutes the frame of our international -- and in some degree our domestic -- policy.

There is some indication from a limited number of interviews with members of the population that the element of power, primarily the voluntary influence of non-authoritative power, has been exerted on actors in the system, particularly in regard to mate selection.

To some extent the system can be considered a Gemeinschaft in which `` social-role occupancies are determined by birth, by attributes such as sex or caste, which are biologically or socially immutable ''.

The comprehensive or master processes activate all or some of the elements within the social system and subsystems.

The four functional problems of a social system are, to some extent, solved by the subsystems within this population.

At the central level the scrutin uninominal voting system was selected over some form of the scrutin de liste system, even though the latter had been recommended by Duverger and favored by all political parties.

The 1946 town meeting voted to have the Selectmen appoint a committee to investigate and report on the feasibility of some system of sewage disposal and a disposal plant to serve Manchester Center, Depot, and Way's Lane.

The system requires some switching of flight equipment circuits.

The case histories provide some interesting illustrations of ideological diffusion, embodied in the unwed mother's inability to identify independently a given value system or behavior pattern,, and her subsequent disinclination to assume any individual responsibility for her sexual behavior.

Andy told him, `` Bake, I wish you'd talk to Skolman, see if some kind of p. a. system can be rigged up outside.

In the Middle Bronze Age an apparently " alphabetic " system known as the Proto-Sinaitic script is thought by some to have been developed in the Sinai peninsula during the 19th century BC, by Canaanite workers in the Egyptian turquoise mines.

Basic theories, such as arithmetic, real analysis and complex analysis are often introduced non-axiomatically, but implicitly or explicitly there is generally an assumption that the axioms being used are the axioms of Zermelo – Fraenkel set theory with choice, abbreviated ZFC, or some very similar system of axiomatic set theory like Von Neumann – Bernays – Gödel set theory, a conservative extension of ZFC.

This has been taken by some archaeologists, such as Stephen Lekson ( 1999 ), as evidence of the continuing reach of the Chaco Canyon elite system, which had seemingly collapsed around a century before.

An applet can also be a text area only, providing, for instance, a cross platform command-line interface to some remote system.

Classical Arminianism ( sometimes titled Reformed Arminianism or Reformation Arminianism ) is the theological system that was presented by Jacobus Arminius and maintained by some of the Remonstrants ; its influence serves as the foundation for all Arminian systems.

The proper use of the symbol is debated ; it is used to describe any cyclic pi system in some publications, or only those pi systems that obey Hückel's rule on others.

In some jurisdictions such as Singapore, judicial corporal punishment is part of the legal system.

Some wanted the modern liberal constitutional system, some wanted the continuance of the Ancien Régime, some wanted independence.

At Athens some citizens were far more active than others, but the vast numbers required just for the system to work testify to a breadth of participation among those eligible that greatly surpassed any present day democracy.

When the Ming Dynasty Chinese astronomer Xu Guangqi adapted the European southern hemisphere constellations to the Chinese system in The Southern Asterisms, he combined Apus with some of the stars in Octans to form the " Exotic Bird " ( 異雀, Yìquè ).

Initially a study of systems of polynomial equations in several variables, the subject of algebraic geometry starts where equation solving leaves off, and it becomes even more important to understand the intrinsic properties of the totality of solutions of a system of equations, than to find a specific solution ; this leads into some of the deepest areas in all of mathematics, both conceptually and in terms of technique.

Note that it is often rational to improve a system in an order that is " non-optimal " in this sense, given that some improvements are more difficult or consuming of development time than others.