The fragility of the state has allowed continued violence and human rights abuses in the east.

Thomas Turner wrote in the late 1990s that .. ' ajor acts of violence, such as the killings that followed the ' Kasongo uprising ' in Bandundu Region in 1978, the killings of diamond miners in Kasai-Oriental Region in 1979, and, more recently, the massacre of students in Lubumbashi in 1990, continued to intimidate the population.

" He continued however and argued that " it is always necessary to protect peaceful people from violence.

After Aristide's overthrow, the violence in Haiti continued, despite the presence of peacekeepers.

By the end of 2006 violence continued as the new Iraqi Government struggled to extend complete security within Iraq.

The political violence that broke out across Ireland in 1919, and which continued on and off until 1923, had its origins in Irish nationalist demands for Home Rule within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and unionist resistance to those demands.

The violence in Belfast alone, which continued until October 1922 long after the truce in the rest of the country, claimed the lives of between 400 and 500 people.

Ethnic relations have since improved significantly, although hardliners on both sides have been a continued cause for concern and some low level violence continues particularly directed against police.

Unrest continued in the West and contributed to the Western Region's reputation for, violence, anarchy and rigged elctions.

There was further violence when he returned, which continued after Ursinus was exiled again.

Other racial or ethnic violence continued, including against Filipinos, Japanese and Armenians in California in the early 20th century.

During 2002, stability in the country continued to increase, and the year was largely free of the assassinations and outbreaks of violence perpetrated by unreformed opposition members that plagued the country in previous years.

The opposition continued to call geneal strikes, leading to further violence by the army and the exodus of hundreds of thousands of southerners to Ghana and Benin.

The general strike itself was largely non-violent, but the miners ' lockout continued and there was violence in Scotland.

There was great but sporadic violence from the last decade of the 8th century on England ’ s northern and western shores: Viking raids continued on a small scale across coastal England.

Representatives of Kosovo's ethnic-Albanian majority asserted that Kosovo must become independent, arguing that the violence of the Milošević years made continued union between Kosovo and Serbia impossible.

On September 30, 2010, CNN. com published an Op-ed titled " Ashley Judd: Electronics fuel unspeakable violence " by Ashley Judd and the Enough Project's co-founder John Prendergast regarding the continued violence in Congo.

Judd describes the link between her cell phone, laptop, MP3 player, and e-reader and the continued rape and sexual violence in Congo.

Sporadic violence continued, however, until Jordanian forces won a decisive victory over the fedayeen in July 1971, expelling them from the country.

Sporadic violence and considerable economic disruption continued until July 2002 when Ratsiraka and several of his prominent supporters fled to exile in France.

Nevertheless, the strike and violence continued until July 7, when the Labour Relations Bill was allowed to lapse without being enacted.

As 1979 wore on, the level of violence continued to escalate.

By the 1920s the violence of the Mexican Revolution had largely subsided, although scattered gangs of bandits continued to terrorize the countryside.

Although he continued to write for boys, Alger explored subjects like violence and " openness in the relations between the sexes and generations "; Hoyt attributes this shift to the decline of Puritan ethics in America.

Pressure from the U. S. government and critical sectors of Colombian society was met with further violence, as the Medellín Cartel and its hitmen, bribed or murdered numerous public officials, politicians and others who stood in its way by supporting the implementation of extradition of Colombian nationals to the U. S. Victims of cartel violence included Justice Minister Rodrigo Lara, assassinated in 1984, an event which made the Betancur administration begin to directly oppose the drug lords.

However, despite these laws, East Timor has many problems with illegally armed militias, including widespread violence in 2006 which resulted in over 100, 000 people being forced from their homes, as well as two separate assassination attempts on the Prime Minister and President in early 2008.

They received considerable support from Gustav Noske, the German Defence Minister who used them to crush the Spartakist League with enormous violence, including the murders of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg on January 15, 1919.

Daoud was appointed Prime Minister in September 1953 in an intra-family transfer of power that involved no violence.

Popular anger at shortages in Conakry was entwined with anti-government protests, strikes, and violence over the rule of President Lansana Conté and the successive prime ministers, Cellou Dalein Diallo and Eugène Camara, appointed to fill the post after the resignation of Prime Minister François Lonseny Fall in April 2004.

On 26 September 1923, following a period of turmoil and political violence, Bavarian Prime Minister Eugen von Knilling declared a state of emergency and appointed Gustav von Kahr Staatskomissar ( state commissioner ) with dictatorial governing powers.

During his time, he has faced several shocking incidents, such as the Gothenburg riots in 2001, the 2003 murder of the minister of foreign affairs, Anna Lindh, the tsunami disaster in 2004, and the conflict over the publication of satirical Muhammed cartoons in Danish newspapers, leading to threats of violence against Scandinavians and burning of embassies in the Middle East and the resignation of Swedish Foreign Minister Laila Freivalds.

The step was described by British Prime Minister Gordon Brown as a " central part of moving Northern Ireland from violence to peace ".

The BJP never supported Operation Bluestar, the BJP strongly protested the violence against Sikhs in Delhi that broke out in 1984, following the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by one of her Sikh bodyguards.

Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri has called the violence a " coup " and has welcomed offers of foreign military assistance from several nations.

* Uhuru Kenyatta, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Finance, Former Minister of Trade, Former Official Leader of Opposition. Accused and has a case at the ICC in 2011 following the investigation of the killing of more than 1000 people in 2007 political violence.

Manley was the Prime Minister when Jamaica experienced a significant escalation of its political culture of violence.

Germany's Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau was murdered as part of the escalating violence.

The march in Derry on 5 October 1968, banned by William Craig the Minister of Home Affairs, was met with violence from the Royal Ulster Constabulary ( RUC ) who batoned protesters, among them prominent politicians.

In his memoirs, Dr António de Almeida Santos, a renowned lawyer from Lourenço Marques who, after the fall of Caetano's regime, became Minister for the Coordination of Portuguese-Administered Territories and who was a close friend of Machel's, sustains that FRELIMO's President was strongly affected by two outbursts of violence involving the white population.

The king Mwambutsa IV rapidly changed the Prime Minister as anti-Tutsi forces threatened to unleash the same violence as had hit Rwanda.

In the aftermath of the violence, Japan's Minister of Public Safety was compelled to resign.

The BBC reported that after being warned by Commodore Bainimarama not to " incite violence ", Prime Minister Qarase planned to return to Suva, from which he was banished, but was warned that he faced arrest if he returns.

In her role as Minister Baird was notable for her championing of the support of victims and tackling domestic violence.

* 30 January-Tourism and Parliamentary Affairs Minister Madan Lal Khurana resigns from the cabinet over the recent violence against minority Christians.

* 4 April – On his first visit to Gujarat since the violence there began, ( See 2002 Gujarat violence ) Prime Minister Vajpayee makes an impassioned speech appealing to the Hindu and Muslim communities to end the violence, saying that the " shameful events " in Gujarat are a " blot " on India.