Empress Maria Theresa of Austria was supported by the Croatians in the War of Austrian Succession of 1741 – 1748 and subsequently made significant contributions to Croatian matters.

Under the Constitution of 1791, the solution of a constitutional monarchy was adopted, and the king supported a war against Austria in order to increase his popularity, starting the long French Revolutionary Wars.

In 1850, after a dispute over Hesse, Prussia was humiliated and forced to back down by Austria ( supported by Russia ) in the so-called Punctation of Olmütz ; a plan for the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership, proposed by Prussia's Prime Minister Radowitz, was also abandoned.

Guy's claim was challenged by Conrad of Montferrat, second husband of Sibylla's half-sister, Isabella: Conrad, whose defence of Tyre had saved the kingdom in 1187, was supported by Philip of France, son of his first cousin Louis VII of France, and by another cousin, Duke Leopold V of Austria.

This brought France into conflict with Russia and Austria who supported Augustus III, duke of Saxony and son of Augustus II.

Next came the War of the Austrian Succession in 1740 in which France supported King Frederick II of Prussia against Maria Theresa of Austria, archduchess of Austria.

During this Austrian period the University was greatly supported by Maria Theresa of Austria and saw a great renaissance that eventually led to a second renaissance due to the presence of leading scientists and humanists like Ugo Foscolo, Alessandro Volta, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Camillo Golgi among others.

Family rivalries prevented the election of James Louis Sobieski even though Austria supported his candidacy.

Austria was supported by Great Britain and the Dutch Republic, the traditional enemies of France, as well as the Kingdom of Sardinia and Saxony.

However, on April 8, Italy and Prussia signed an agreement that supported Italy's acquisition of Venetia, and on June 20, Italy declared war on Austria.

Pragmatically, Louis Bonaparte supported Italian nationalist aspirations because he wished particularly to end Austrian rule in Lombardy and Venice: he always nursed a dislike for Austria as the incarnation of reactionary, legitimist monarchy, and as the great barrier to the reconstruction of Europe on nationalist lines.

On the other hand, the majority of the nobility of the Kingdom of Aragon supported Charles of Austria, son of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and claimant to the Spanish throne by right of his grandmother Maria Anna of Spain.

Philip is supported by Austria, who is believed to have killed King Richard.

The same year he declared war on Austria, with the small army supported by volunteers from the whole of Italy.

It also supported Archduke Charles of Austria in the War of the Spanish Succession ( 1701 – 14 ), but was later taken by the troops of Philip d ' Anjou.

Germany and Austria had deeply religious Christian populations, and a majority of Christians in these nations supported the anti-Semitic Nazi policies throughout all of World War II.

The allied army was known as the Pragmatic Army because it was a confederation of states that supported the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 agreements to recognize Maria-Theresa as Archduchess of Austria.

In return for this, when Richard arrived at Acre, he supported Guy against Conrad, who had the support of his kinsmen Philip II of France and Leopold V of Austria.

The Protestant party was supported by France and Venice, while the Catholic party was supported by the Habsburgs in Spain and Austria.

They were at first a minority group, also called " The Mountain " ( French: La Montagne ), and its members Montagnards, because they sat together in the higher seats in the Convention's hall ; they were dubious about the war with Austria which had begun that spring, but supported more revolutionary measures at home.

Marie Antoinette supported Choiseul as the proponent of the alliance with Austria and also defied court protocol by refusing to speak to Mme.

Castlereagh, of the United Kingdom, supported France ( represented by Talleyrand ) and Austria and was at variance with his Parliament.

As a former Chancellor, Papen had granted this privilege of by-passing the Foreign Minister while he was Ambassador to Austria.

* 1932 – Thomas Klestil, former President of Austria ( d. 2004 )

With support from Austria, he issued an ultimatum for Christian IX to return Schleswig to its former status.

" Bam Thwok " and " Ain't That Pretty At All " were both recorded by engineer Ben Mumphrey, the former at Stagg Street Studios in Van Nuys, CA and the latter at Metamorphosis Studio in Vienna, Austria.

The meteorological reckoning of seasons is used in Austria, Denmark and the former USSR ; it is also used by many in the United Kingdom, where summer is thought of as extending from mid-May to mid-August.

Hughes ably worked behind the scenes to formally make peace with former enemies Austria and Germany.

* January 8 – Julius Raab, former Chancellor of Austria ( b. 1891 )

* October 2 – Leopold Figl, former Chancellor of Austria ( d. 1965 )

** Franz Vranitzky, former Chancellor of Austria

* March 26 – An article in the New York Times charges that Kurt Waldheim, former United Nations Secretary General and candidate for president of Austria, may have been involved in Nazi war crimes during World War II.

* November 29 – Julius Raab, former Chancellor of Austria ( d. 1964 )

Territories allied with the French included: the Kingdom of Spain, the Kingdom of Westphalia, the Kingdom of Naples, the Principality of Lucca and Piombino, and Napoleon's former enemies, Prussia and Austria.

The Ottoman Turks cede to Austria all their former territories in Transylvania, Slavonia, Croatia and the whole of Hungary except for the Banat of Temesvar.

At the Congress of Vienna in 1814 and 1815, the left-bank Palatinate — enlarged by other territories such as the former Bishopric of Speyer and the free imperial city of Speyer — was returned to the Wittelsbachs and became a formal part of the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1816 in exchange for Tirol, which Bavaria ceded to Austria.

There are regular flights between Azerbaijan and former Soviet countries, UK, Germany, France, Austria, Italy, Israel, Iran, Turkey, UAE, China, Georgia and has a cargo flights in UAE, Turkey, Luxembourg, Germany, China, Kyrgystan Afghanistan and Iraq.

After Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo in 1815, the major victorious powers ( Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia ) agreed at Congress of Vienna on reuniting the former Austrian Netherlands and the former Dutch Republic, creating the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, which was to serve as a buffer state against any future French invasions.

Elisabeth Farnese's ambitions were realized at the conclusion of the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748 when the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, already occupied by Spanish troops, were ceded by Austria to her second son, Philip, and combined with the former Gonzaga duchy of Guastalla.

and Napoleon's former enemies, Prussia and Austria.

In 1737, after the War of the Polish Succession, Lorraine was part of an agreement between France, the House of Habsburg and the Lorraine House of Vaudémont: The Duchy was given to Stanisław Leszczyński, the former king of Poland and father-in-law to King Louis XV of France, who despite French support had lost out to a candidate backed by Russia and Austria in the War of the Polish Succession.

By 2001, 16 % of people living in Austria had nationalities other than Austrian, nearly half of whom were from former Yugoslavia, primarily Serbs ; the next most numerous nationalities in Vienna were Turks ( 39, 000 ; 2. 5 %), Poles ( 13, 600 ; 0. 9 %) and Germans ( 12, 700 ; 0. 8 %).

With the consequent dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire and founding of the Austrian Empire, Francis abdicated the former Imperial Throne, but remained Francis I of Austria in 1806.

Article 23 was rewritten and it can still be understood as an invitation to others ( e. g. Austria ) to join, although the main idea of the change was to calm fears in ( for example ) Poland, that Germany would later try to rejoin with former eastern territories of Germany that were now Polish or parts of other countries in the East.

Red carnations are worn on May Day as a symbol of the labor movement in some countries, such as Austria, Italy, and successor countries of former Yugoslavia.

It has nearly vanished from many areas of its former range, e. g. Hungary and Austria.