The Merlin was also used in the Avro Lancaster and de Havilland Mosquito bombers.

Two bay biplanes ( with one set of struts closer to the fuselage, and another closer to the wing tips ) like the Avro 504 of World War I, were also common during the biplane's heyday, and some larger biplanes had three or more bays, the Handley Page Hyderabad for example had three.

Maintaining their skills in designing trainer aircraft, the company built a more robust biplane called the Avro Tutor in the 1930s that the Royal Air Force ( RAF ) also bought in quantity.

This aircraft type is sometimes also loosely called the " Avro 146 ".

Avro also built motor vehicles in the immediate post-World War 1 era.

Avro produced the three-wheeler Harper Runabout, and also their own light car, which was powered by a 1, 330 cc 4-cylinder engine.

Howe in 1944 to express the " utmost importance to Canada " of the establishment of a Canadian aircraft industry, and UK-based Avro also established in 1944 a company searching for post-war opportunities.

They could often also serve as reconnaissance aircraft ( for example the Avro 504 ).

A number of Avro Lincoln bombers were also used as " set dressing.

John Frost of Avro Canada also spent considerable time researching the effect, leading to a series of " inside out " hovercraft-like aircraft where the air exited in a ring around the outside of the aircraft and was directed by being " attached " to a flap-like ring.

Early designs of the Avro Vulcan by Roy Chadwick also explored flying wing designs.

131 Velvet Gloves had been completed when the program was terminated in 1956, officially because of concerns about its ability to be launched at supersonic speeds from the Avro Arrow then under design, but also from the design being overtaken by developments in the United States.

The Merlin powered many World War II aircraft: the British Hawker Hurricane, Supermarine Spitfire, De Havilland Mosquito ( twin-engined ), Avro Lancaster ( 4-engine ); it also transformed the American P-51 Mustang into one of the best fighters of its time, its Merlin engine built by Packard under licence.

Local enterprises manufactured or assembled large numbers of De Havilland Tiger Moth, Airspeed Oxford and North American Harvard training aircraft, and the RNZAF also acquired second-hand biplanes such as Hawker Hinds and Vickers Vincents, as well as other types for specialised training such as Avro Ansons and Supermarine Walruses.

They also had full-time use of an Avro Lancaster from CFB Greenwood for the important low-level tests.

The aircraft is named in the 1976 reference book " Airplanes of the World " as the " Flying Saucer " plane, ( the book also mentions the Avro Avrocar, the Vought V-173, and the Vought XF5U ).

Meanwhile in Canada, the Avro Canada company was also attempting to develop saucer shaped craft, funded ( initially ) by the Canadian government.

Highly specialised major servicing of the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight's Avro Lancaster bomber was also conducted at RAf St Athan.

After the war, the RAF's Avro Lincoln bombers were also equipped with H2S.

Canada, since the fall of the Soviet Union, arguably, is also an economic, although not, political, client state of the U. S. Soviet forces would have, in some scenarios, had to cross Canadian territory and fly through Canadian airspace in order to reach the U. S. Russia viewed Canada more favourably and with less belligerence than the U. S. ( particularly after the Avro Arrow and Bomarc missile affairs -- which, in essence, meant that Canada was no longer, independently of the U. S., a military threat to the U. S. S. R. after 1972 ).

After the war, he designed Britain's first pressurised airliner, the Avro Tudor, based around the Lancaster-derivative Avro Lincoln, though few were built and also the AVRO Shackleton in 1946.

Fighters from Bardufoss also had the task of providing aerial support for naval operations in the area, but failed to scramble in time to prevent the battleship Tirpitz from being sunk by Avro Lancaster bombers at Håkøya near Tromsø.

That same year, the de Havilland Comet also flew in to the museum, as did the Avro Vulcan in 1984.

Handley Page and Avro came up with very advanced designs for the bomber competition, which would become the crescent-wing Victor and the delta-wing Vulcan respectively, and the Air Staff decided to award contracts to both companies as insurance against one of the designs being a failure.

In 1954 the Canadian government decided to sell the plant and Avro Canada agreed to purchase it to maintain production of the Orenda and Iroquois engines. The company employed over 400 in the production of precision forgings, blades, jet engine components, close-tolerance forging, and operation of aluminum and magnesium foundries.

As part of the Avro Arrow program, Canadair partnered with Douglas in the development of the Sparrow II ( AIM-7B ).

The ultimate Blue Steel would be a range weapon that could be launched by the supersonic Avro 730 under development.

Air Chief Marshal Sir John Slessor believed that had the air force been forced to choose among the three British bombers under development in the late 1930s — the Avro Manchester, Short Stirling, and Handley Page Halifax — it would have chosen the wrong one.

In addition, the simultaneous development of five competing designs-the ATL-90 Accountant, the Avro 748, the Handley Page HPR 7 Dart Herald, the Fokker F-27 Friendship and the NAMC YS-11 saturated the market.

* Crawford Gordon Jr. left the Department of Defense Production in 1951 to take over as President and General Manager of A. V. Roe Canada to assist with problems in development and production of the Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck.

Shortly in advance of the USAF visiting Avro in 1955 to review the Arrow's development, a contract was granted to North American Aviation for design studies for the LRIX, designated the XF-108 Rapier.

The Halifax became the second most prolific British heavy bomber of the war after the Avro Lancaster ( essentially a four-engine development of the Manchester ).

Avro Canada underwent a major expansion through aircraft development and acquisition of aircraft engine, mining, steel, railway rolling stock, computers, electronics, and other businesses to become, by 1958, Canada's third largest company directly employing over 14, 000 people and providing 45 % of the parent company's revenues.

Despite Avro Canada's success in producing the CF-100, Canada's first jet fighter for the Royal Canadian Air Force ( RCAF ), aircraft development had proven to be a time-consuming and expensive process.

In 1958, he was chosen as the chief development test pilot of the new CF-105 Avro Arrow program.

* The development of the Avro Arrow ( this Heritage Minute was made using footage from the 1996 mini-series The Arrow )

Early in 1942 the four-engined development of the Manchester, the Avro Lancaster, started to equip the group Squadrons.

Birmingham engineering works later diversify with all manner of industries relating to the development and manufacture of aircraft components including assembly of whole planes during war years such as Spitfires, Hawker Hurricanes, Fairey Battle light bombers, Mercury and Pegasus aero engines, Short Stirling four-engined heavy bombers and Avro Lancasters ( towards the end of World War II ).

:: A development of the Avro Tutor biplane trainer featuring a third cockpit with scarf ring, and was designed to enable training of all aircrew positions.

Rolls-Royce Merlin engine in an Avro York

* Avro Canada PV-704 ( built as engine test model only )

Turbojet engines were trialled on piston engine airframes, such as the Avro Lancastrian and the Vickers VC. 1 Viking, the latter becoming the first jet engine passenger aircraft in April 1948.

Avro envisioned a delta-shaped vehicle with downward winglets ( similar to the TSR-2's ), varying engine nacelle positions, titanium skin, and first flight of a research vehicle in 1962.

Avro Canada proposed several designs to TWA that included Mach 1. 6 double-ogee wing and Mach 1. 2 delta-wing with separate tail and four under-wing engine configurations.

The first airliners with turbojet propulsion were experimental conversions of the Avro Lancastrian piston engined airliner, which were flown with several types of early jet engine, including the de Havilland Ghost and the Rolls-Royce Nene.

The Dart engine was used in the Argosy, Avro 748 ( and its military variant the Andover ), Friendship, Herald and Viscount aircraft, whilst the more powerful Tyne powered the Atlantic, Transall and the Vanguard.

On 20 February 1959, the infamous " Black Friday ", Żurakowski, along with the approximately 15, 000 employees of Avro and Orenda plants learned that the Diefenbaker government had precipitously cancelled the Avro Arrow program and its Orenda Iroquois engine.

On 17 April 1942 at around 3pm, six Avro Lancasters from 44 Sqn left in daylight for the MAN diesel engine ( for U-boats ) factory at Augsburg in southern Germany ( Bavaria ).

This engine was slated to power the ill-fated Avro Arrow until the project was cancelled by the Diefenbaker government.

* Royal Air Force Bomber Command becomes an all-jet operation upon the retirement of its last piston engine Avro Lancasters from bomber duty.

* February 18 – An engine fire breaks out on a Scottish Airlines Avro York just after takeoff from Malta International Airport, Luqa, Malta.

* May 25 – A Dan-Air Avro 685 York C. 1 cargo aircraft suffers an in-flight engine fire and crashes during a forced landing near Gurgaon, Haryana, India, killing four members of the five-person crew.

* September 9 – The Concorde's Rolls-Royce Olympus engine begins flight tests underneath an Avro Vulcan bomber.

In 1915 at age 22, Chadwick designed the Avro Pike, a twin engine pusher biplane bomber.

In 1918 he designed the Avro Baby and in 1920, the Avro Aldershot, the world's largest single engine bomber and variants of the Aldershot, the Avro Ava and the Avro Andover.