BPH involves hyperplasia ( an increase in the number of cells ) rather than hypertrophy ( a growth in the size of individual cells ), but the two terms are often used interchangeably, even amongst urologists.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ), also called benign enlargement of the prostate ( BEP ), adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia and benign prostatic hypertrophy, is an increase in size of the prostate.

Both the glandular epithelial cells and the stromal cells ( including muscular fibers ) undergo hyperplasia in BPH .< sup >: 694 </ sup > Most sources agree that of the two tissues, stromal hyperplasia predominates, but the exact ratio of the two is unclear .< sup >: 694 </ sup >

Phytotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ): Double-blind study with extract of root of urtica ( ERU ).

On 10. 2011 FDA approved Cialis for treatment the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) as well as a combination of BPH and erectile dysfunction ( ED ) when the conditions coincide.

On October 6, 2011 ; The U. S. FDA approved tadalafil to treat the signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ).

Kegel exercises are said to be good for treating vaginal prolapse and preventing uterine prolapse in women and for treating prostate pain and swelling resulting from benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) and prostatitis in men.

Nettle root extracts have been extensively studied in human clinical trials as a treatment for symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ).

To treat benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ), Nd: YAG lasers can be used for laser prostate surgery — a form of transurethral resection of the prostate.

The fruits of the saw palmetto are highly enriched with fatty acids and phytosterols, and extracts of the fruits have been the subject of intensive research for the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ).

5α-reductase inhibitors are commonly used for the treatment of two DHT-related conditions, male pattern baldness ( MPB ), and benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ).

It is a common complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ), although it can also be caused by nerve dysfunction, constipation, infection, or medications ( including anticholinergics, antidepressants, COX-2 inhibitors, amphetamines and opiates ).

In most patients with benign prostate hyperplasia ( BPH ), a procedure known as transurethral resection of the prostate ( TURP ) is performed to relieve bladder obstruction.

It is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ).

Enlargement of the prostate, commonly through benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ), but sometimes through abnormalities such as a tumour, or from other causes, can restrict the normal flow of urine along the urethra, causing discomfort and difficulty voiding.

This is used for benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ), and sometimes for symptomatic relief in prostate cancer.

This is a common operation for benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH ) and outcomes are excellent for a high percentage of these patients ( 80-90 %).

* benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH )

The earliest microscopic signs of BPH usually begin between the age of 30 and 50 years old in the PUG, which are posterior to the proximal urethra .< sup >: 694 </ sup > However, the majority of growth eventually occurs in the TZ .< sup >: 694 </ sup > In addition to these two classic areas, the peripheral zone ( PZ ) of the prostate is also involved to a lesser extent .< sup >: 695 </ sup > Since prostatic cancer also occurs in the PZ, BPH nodules in the PZ are often biopsied to rule out cancer .< sup >: 695 </ sup >

published evidence that BPH is caused by failure in the spermatic venous drainage system resulting in increased hydrostatic pressure and local testosterone levels elevated more than 100 fold above serum levels.

Image: UltrasoundBPH. jpg | Urinary bladder ( black butterfly-like shape ) and hyperplastic prostate ( BPH ) visualized by Medical ultrasonography technique.

Urinary bladder ( black butterfly-like shape ) and hyperplastic prostate ( BPH ) visualized by Medical ultrasonography technique

Although prostate specific antigen levels may be elevated in these patients because of increased organ volume and inflammation due to urinary tract infections, BPH does not lead to cancer or increase the risk of cancer.

Therapy with a 5α-reductase inhibitor markedly reduces the DHT content of the prostate and, in turn, reduces prostate volume and, in many cases, BPH symptoms.

Testosterone promotes prostate cell proliferation, but relatively low levels of serum testosterone are found in patients with BPH.

While there is some evidence that estrogen may play a role in the etiology of BPH, this effect appears to be mediated mainly through local conversion of androgens to estrogen in the prostate tissue rather than a direct effect of estrogen itself.

Anatomically, BPH is most strongly associated with the posterior urethral glands ( PUG ) and transitional zone ( TZ ) of the prostate.

Urinary bladder ( black butterfly-like shape ) and hyperplastic prostate ( BPH ) visualized by sonography

Screening and diagnostic procedures for BPH are similar to those used for prostate cancer.

Urinary bladder ( black butterfly-like shape ) and hyperplastic prostate ( BPH ) visualized by medical ultrasonography technique

BPH is a condition in male, where the prostate gland becomes enlarged causing obstruction to free flow of urine.

Determination of the serum prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) may aid in diagnosing or ruling out prostate cancer, though this is also raised in BPH and prostatitis.

BPH may respond to alpha blocker and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor therapy, or surgically with prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate ( TURP ).

Some people with BPH are treated with medications like finasteride or dutasteride to decrease prostate enlargement.

An estimated 50 % of men have histologic evidence of BPH by age 50 years and 75 % by age 80 years ; in 40 – 50 % of these men, BPH becomes clinically significant.

These storage and voiding symptoms are evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score ( IPSS ) questionnaire, designed to assess the severity of BPH.

BPH can be a progressive disease, especially if left untreated.

This means that androgens have to be present for BPH to occur, but do not necessarily directly cause the condition.

This is supported by the fact that castrated boys do not develop BPH when they age.

On the other hand, administering exogenous testosterone is not associated with a significant increase in the risk of BPH symptoms.

If confirmed, this mechanism explains why serum androgen levels do not seem to correlate with BPH and why giving exogenous testosterone would not make much difference.

On a microscopic level, BPH can be seen in the vast majority of men as they age, in particular over the age of 70 years, around the world.

However, rates of clinically significant, symptomatic BPH vary dramatically depending on lifestyle.

Men that lead a western lifestyle have a much higher incidence of symptomatic BPH than men that lead a traditional or rural lifestyle.

This is confirmed by research in China showing that men in rural areas have very low rates of clinical BPH, while men living in cities adopting a western lifestyle have a skyrocketing incidence of this condition, though it is still below rates seen in the West.

Much work remains to be done to completely clarify the causes of BPH.