Schweitzer saw many operas of Richard Wagner at Straßburg ( under Otto Lohse ), and in 1896 he pulled together the funds to visit Bayreuth to see Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal, and was deeply affected.

In 1541, he received Bayreuth as his share of the family lands, but, as the chief town of his principality was Kulmbach, he is sometimes referred to as the Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.

Algarotti accompanied Frederick to Bayreuth, Kehl, Strasbourg and Moyland Castle where they met with Voltaire, who was taking baths in Kleve for his health.

Frederick I of Ansbach and Bayreuth ( also known as Frederick V ; or ; 8 May 1460 – 4 April 1536 ) was born at Ansbach as the eldest son of the Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg by his second wife Anna, daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Saxony.

George Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach () ( April 5, 1539, Ansbach – April 25, 1603 ) was Margrave of Ansbach and Bayreuth, as well as Regent of Prussia.

In 2011 he was selected to stage the 2013 cycle of Richard Wagner's Ring der Nibelungen at the Bayreuth Festival, a reflection of his capacity to produce imaginative tributes to great works of art.

It was to be Wagner's last completed opera and in composing it he took advantage of the particular acoustics of his Bayreuth Festspielhaus.

Parsifal was first produced at the second Bayreuth Festival in 1882.

The Bayreuth Festival maintained a monopoly on Parsifal productions until 1903, when the opera was performed at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.

During this time most of Wagner ’ s creative energy was devoted to the Ring cycle, which was finally completed in 1874 and given its first full performance at Bayreuth in August 1876.

The premiere of the entire work was given in the Festspielhaus at Bayreuth on 26 July 1882 under the baton of the German-born Jewish conductor Hermann Levi.

The first authorized performance was staged at the Gran Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona: it began at 22. 30, an hour and a half before midnight on 31 December 1913, taking advantage of the one hour time difference which existed at that time between Barcelona and Bayreuth.

Eventually it became a Bayreuth tradition that no applause would be heard after the first act, but this was certainly not Wagner's idea.

The next production of Tristan was in Weimar in 1874, and Wagner himself supervised another production of Tristan, this time in Berlin, in March 1876, but the opera was only given in his own theatre at the Bayreuth Festival, after Wagner's death.

Cosima Wagner, his widow, oversaw the first Bayreuth production of Tristan in 1886, a production that was widely acclaimed.

The first production outside of Germany was given at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane in 1882 ; the Tristan was Hermann Winkelmann, later that year to create Parsifal at Bayreuth.

While Bayreuth was previously ( 1199 ) referred to as a villa ( village ), the term civitas (" town ") appeared for the first time in a document published in 1231.

One can therefore assume that Bayreuth was awarded its town charter between 1200 and 1230.

The town of Bayreuth developed slowly and was affected time and again by disasters.

There was even a unique version of the rococo architectural style, the so-called Bayreuth Rococo which characterised the aforementioned buildings, especially their interior design.

In 1769 Margrave Charles Alexander, from the Ansbach line of Frankish Hohenzollerns, followed the childless Frederick Christian and Bayreuth was reduced to a secondary residence.

It received its premiere at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus on 17 August 1876, as part of the first complete performance of the Ring.

At Bayreuth a tradition has arisen that there is no applause after the first act of the opera.

For the first twenty years of its existence, the only staged performances of Parsifal ( apart from eight private performances for Ludwig II at Munich in 1884 and 1885 ) took place in the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, the venue for which Wagner conceived the work.

At Bayreuth performances audiences do not applaud at the end of the first act.

In fact during the first Bayreuth performances Wagner himself cried " Bravo!

At the first Bayreuth Festival after World War II he presented a radical move away from literal representation of the Hall of the Grail or the Flower-Maiden's bower.

Its first performance as part of the complete Ring cycle took place at Bayreuth on 13 August 1876.

It received its premiere at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus on 16 August 1876, as part of the first complete performance of The Ring.

Bayreuth was first given a railway connexion in 1853, when the Bayreuth – Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg railway was built at the town's expense.

Bayreuth's first Gauleiter was Hans Schemm, who was also the head ( Reichswalter ) of the National Socialist Teachers League, NSLB, which was located in Bayreuth.

In 2006, Bayreuth chose its first CSU member and mayor, the lawyer, Michael Hohl, and, in 2007, a Youth Parliament, consisting of 12 young people, aged 14 – 17 years, was elected for the first time.

Owing to Wagner's relationship with the then unknown philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, the first Bayreuth festival is cited as a key turning point in Nietzsche's philosophical development.

Though at first an enthusiastic champion of Wagner's music, Nietzsche ultimately became hostile, viewing the festival and its revellers as symptom of cultural decay and bourgeois decadence — an event which led him to turn his eye upon the moral values esteemed by society as a whole-" Nietzsche clearly preferred to see Bayreuth fail than succeed by mirroring a society gone wrong.

They included Mattia Battistini ( known as the " King of Baritones "), Giuseppe Kaschmann ( born Josip Kašman ) who, atypically, sang Wagner's Telramund and Amfortas not in Italian but in German, at the Bayreuth Festival in the 1890s ; Giuseppe Campanari ; Antonio Magini-Coletti ; Mario Ancona ( chosen to be the first Silvio in Pagliacci ); and Antonio Scotti, who came to the Met from Europe in 1899 and remained on the roster of singers until 1933.

Betz created Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger and undertook Wotan in the first Der Ring des Nibelungen cycle at Bayreuth, while Reichmann created Amfortas in Parsifal, also at Bayreuth.

Articles originally published in 1876 in Saint Petersburg Vedomosti under the collective title Байрейтское музыкальное торжество Bayreuth Festival | Bayreuth Music Festival.

It was finally published in the first volume of a collection entitled Literary and Historical Magazine by Meusel ( Bayreuth and Leipzig, 1785 ).

Secondly, he thought that the opera would provide an income for his family after his death if Bayreuth had the monopoly on its performance.

The Bayreuth authorities allowed unstaged performances to take place in various countries after Wagner's death ( e. g. London in 1884, New York City in 1886, and Amsterdam in 1894 ) but they maintained an embargo on stage performances outside Bayreuth.

In 1470, Albert, who had inherited Bayreuth on the death of his brother John in 1464, became Margrave of Brandenburg, owing to the abdication of his remaining brother, Elector Frederick II.

It continues to be performed on a regular basis both in Bayreuth and elsewhere either as part of a complete Ring or separately.

It premiered in Wagner's Bayreuth Festival as part of the complete cycle on 14 August 1876.

Bayreuth (; ) is a sizeable town in northern Bavaria, Germany, on the Red Main river in a valley between the Franconian Jura and the Fichtelgebirge Mountains.

As early as 1361 Emperor Charles IV had conferred on Burgrave Frederick V the right to mint coins for the towns of Bayreuth and Kulmbach.

Following the abdication of the last Margrave, Charles Alexander, from the principalities of Ansbach and Bayreuth on 2 December 1791 its territories became part of a Prussian province.

On 22 May 1872 the cornerstone for the Festival Hall was laid and, on 13 August 1876, it was officially opened ( see Bayreuth Festival ).

In a series of völkisch and nationalist " Deutscher Tag " ( German Days ), the NSDAP organised the event in Bayreuth on September 30, 1923.

In 1971 the Bavarian State Parliament decided to establish the University of Bayreuth and, on 3 November 1975, it opened for lectures and research.

Bayreuth lies on the Red Main river, the southern of the two headstreams of the River Main, between the Fichtelgebirge Mountains and Franconian Switzerland.

In 1955 Bayreuth took on sponsorship for displaced Sudeten Germans from the town of Franzensbad in Okres Cheb.

The Richard Wagner Festival Hall on the Green Hill in Bayreuth

The discoveries on display, which all come from eastern Upper Franconia, especially Franconian Switzerland and the region around Bayreuth, date from the Old Stone Age to the Middle Ages.

File: Mohren-Apotheke Bayreuth. JPG | The Mohren Apothecary on the town square