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Page "Covariance and contravariance of vectors" ¶ 37
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Because and components
Because the process takes advantage of the nonlinearity of the isotherms, a larger column feed can be separated on a given column with the purified components recovered at significantly higher concentrations.
Because applying an operator is different from multiplying the components, this is considered an abuse of notation.
Because channels underlie the nerve impulse and because " transmitter-activated " channels mediate conduction across the synapses, channels are especially prominent components of the nervous system.
Because OS / 2 only ran the user-mode system components of Windows, it was not compatible with Windows device drivers ( VxDs ) and applications needing them.
Because of the remarkable hardness of sapphires, 9 in Mohs Scale, ( and of aluminium oxide in general ), sapphires are used in some non-ornamental applications, including infrared optical components, such as in scientific instruments ; high-durability windows ; wristwatch crystals and movement bearings ; and very thin electronic wafers, which are used as the insulating substrates of very special-purpose solid-state electronics ( most of which are integrated circuits ).
Because current in these systems is interrupted by a switching action, the current contains frequency components that are multiples of the power system frequency.
Because alcohol and the aromatic components vaporise at a lower temperature than water, the concentration of alcohol in the condensed liquid ( the distillate ) is higher than in the original wine.
Because of its diverse components, structural capital can be classified further into organization, process and innovation capital.
Because they are mixtures, naturally produced waxes are softer and melt at lower temperatures than the pure components.
Because the stress – energy tensor is rank two, its components can be displayed in matrix form:
Because the placebo response is simply the patient response that cannot be attributed to an investigational intervention, there are multiple possible components of a measured placebo effect.
Because the process takes advantage of the nonlinearity of the isotherms, a larger column feed can be separated on a given column with the purified components recovered at significantly higher concentration.
Because they were assembled using the old " gate and buck system " and the tooling could be easily moved, Chrysler could supply the components and control the quality, while AMC assembled the car.
Because of their increased size, this class of computer usually includes more powerful components and a larger display than generally used in smaller portable computers and can have a relatively limited battery capacity ( or none at all ).
Because neighborhood traffic management studies have shown that often it is the residents themselves who are contributing to the perceived speeding problem within the neighborhood, it is stressed ( for example in Hass-Klau et al, 1992 ) that the most effective traffic calming plans will entail all three components, and that engineering measures alone will not produce satisfactory results.
Because the shorter wavelength components, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly,
Because the components of the linear functional α transform with the matrix A, these components are said to transform covariantly under a change of basis.
Because of this identification of vectors with covectors, one may speak of the covariant components or contravariant components of a vector, that is, they are just representations of the same vector using reciprocal bases.
Because the components of vectors are contravariant and those of covectors are covariant, the vectors themselves are often referred to as being contravariant and the covectors as covariant.
Because a linear voltage regulator is a common element of many devices, integrated circuit regulators are very common ; linear regulators may also be made up of assemblies of discrete solid-state or vacuum tube components.
Because of the drastic changes in relative humidity inside the vehicle, components must be qualified to operate in those environments.

Because and vector
Because of the cross product, L is a pseudovector perpendicular to both the radial vector r and the momentum vector p and it is assigned a sign by the right-hand rule.
Because u < sub > ρ </ sub > is a unit vector, its magnitude is fixed, and it can change only in direction, that is, its change du < sub > ρ </ sub > has a component only perpendicular to u < sub > ρ </ sub >.
Because spin projections vary in increments of 1 ( that is 1 ħ ), a single quark has a spin vector of length, and has two spin projections ( S < sub > z </ sub > = + and S < sub > z </ sub > = −).
Because the probability density now appears as the fourth component of a relativistic vector, and not a simple scalar as in the Schrödinger equation, it will be subject to the usual effects of the Lorentz transformations such as time dilation.
Because this is a plane wave, each blue vector, indicating the perpendicular displacement from a point on the axis out to the sine wave, represents the magnitude and direction of the electric field for an entire plane that is perpendicular to the axis.
Because is an arbitrary vector, from nondegeneracy of scalar product follows
Because of the diversity of vector products ( scalar, dot, cross ) one application of del already gives rise to three major derivatives: the gradient ( scalar product ), divergence ( dot product ), and curl ( cross product ).
Because creating image maps in a text editor requires much time and effort, many applications have been designed to allow web designers to create image maps quickly and easily, much as they would create shapes in a vector graphics editor.
Because the vector is day-biting, mosquito ( bed ) nets do not increase protection against loiasis.
The one-element sets form a basis, so its dimension is equal to the number of edges of G. Because every element of this vector space is a subset of E, it can be regarded as an indicator function of type, then this vector space coincide with the free Z < sub > 2 </ sub >- module with basis E. This is the ( binary ) edge space of G.
Because the vector has imaginary components, it may have a magnitude that is less than its real components.
Because these particles only interact with the weak vector bosons, they are not directly produced at hadron colliders in copious numbers.
Because this vector originates from a self-replicating virus, plasmid, or higher organism cell when the appropriate size DNA is inserted the “ target and vector DNA fragments are then ligated ” and create a recombinant DNA molecule.
Because hill climbers only adjust one element in the vector at a time, each step will move in an axis-aligned direction.
Because most of these computations involve matrix and vector operations, engineers and scientists have increasingly studied the use of GPUs for non-graphical calculations.
Because the outcome z ( the syndrome ) of this operation is the 3 × 1 zero vector, the resulting codeword r is successfully validated.
Because translation is ( by definition of " topological vector space ") continuous, all translations are homeomorphisms, so every base for the neighborhoods of the origin can be translated to a base for the neighborhoods of any given vector.
Because of its limited seed dispersal ability, short-lived seed bank and seedling recruitment, the primary vector for dispersal to new areas are human plantings as an ornamental, medicinal or vegetable plant, as well as by accidentally spreading rhizomes by dumping of garden waste.

Because and v
* Law: Because the case Campbell v. Hall called into question the ouster of French law by the Royal Proclamation of 1763, the Act confirmed that French law continued to govern civil matters, but was ousted in favour of English law in criminal matters.
Because of the extraordinary nature and argued urgency of the case, the U. S. Supreme Court issued its opinion in Bush v. Gore on December 12, less than a day after hearing oral argument.
Because the case, Baker v. Nelson, came to the Court through mandatory appellate review ( not certiorari ), the summary dismissal established Baker v. Nelson as a binding precedent.
Because Britain did not abolish wager by battle until Parliament's 1819 response to Ashford v Thornton ( 1818 ), and because no court in post-independence United States has addressed the issue, the question of whether trial by combat remains a valid American alternative to civil action remains open, at least in theory.
Because it set a precedent regarding harassment " because of sex ," Oncale v. Sundowner has been lauded as a landmark " gay rights " case, even though all those involved were heterosexual.
Because of issues of due process and illegal extradition, the United States Supreme Court became involved ( Mahon v. Justice, 127 U. S. 700 ( 1888 )).
" Because Jackson proceeded with Cherokee removal, Worcester did little more for indigenous rights than Johnson v. M ' Intosh or Cherokee Nation v. Georgia.
Because η is equivariant, if v is equivariant, so is Dv := φ ( dv ).
Because the operational amplifier ( OA ) is in a negative-feedback configuration, its v < sub >+</ sub > and v < sub >-</ sub > inputs must match ( i. e., v < sub >+</ sub >
Because sail boats sail healed the flat surface can be achieved with v or arc bottom shapes.
Because of the damage the St Kilda v Fremantle NAB Cup semi-final was delayed due to worksafe inspections.
Because of alleged similarities to the Macintosh GUI, NewWave was the subject of an unsuccessful " look and feel " lawsuit by Apple ( see Apple v. Microsoft ).
Because the slope of a homoclinal ridge dips in the same direction as the sedimentary strata, the dip angle of this bedding ( Ө ) can be calculated by v / h = tan ( Ө ) where v is equal to the vertical distance and h is equal to the horizontal distance perpendicular to the strike of the beds.
0 implies v < sub > G </ sub > = 0 as well .< ref > Because the input voltage v < sub > GS </ sub > approaches zero as the return ratio gets larger, the amplifier input impedance also tends to zero, which means in turn ( because of current division ) that the amplifier works best if the input signal is a current.
Because the velocity is fixed in magnitude at v = r ω, the velocity vectors also sweep out a circular path at angular rate ω.
Because the velocity v is tangent to the circular path, no two velocities point in the same direction.
Because it is a living organism the patent was disputed and brought before the United States Supreme Court in the historic court case Diamond v. Chakrabarty which the inventor, Ananda Mohan Chakrabarty, won.
In the 1961 case Torcaso v. Watkins, the U. S. Supreme Court unanimously ruled that such language in state constitutions was in violation of the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, but did not rule on the applicability of Article VI, stating that " Because we are reversing the judgment on other grounds, we find it unnecessary to consider appellant's contention that this provision applies to state as well as federal offices.

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