Before the advent of copyright, anonymous and pseudonymous publication was a common practice in the sixteenth century publishing world, and a passage in the Arte of English Poesie ( 1589 ), the leading work of literary criticism of the Elizabethan period and an anonymously published work itself, mentions in passing that literary figures in the court who wrote " commendably well " circulated their poetry only among their friends, " as if it were a discredit for a gentleman to seem learned " ( Book 1, Chapter 8 ).

Before the advent of digital typography and desktop publishing, the two terms had a more clearly understood meanings.

Before finally publishing the poem in 1938 he had drafted seven different versions.

Before the 20th century, a commentary would be written by a sole author, but today a publishing board will commission a team of scholars to write a commentary, with each volume being divided out among them.

Before publishing the book, he printed certain extracts from it in Elle, a popular woman's magazine, which resulted in a famous lawsuit from count d ' Ornano and his descendants.

Before the Ethiopian Revolution of 1974, publishing or broadcasting in Oromo was very limited.

Before sailing with the fleet, he arranged with the London publishing firm of Debrett's to write a book describing his experience of the journey and the first few months of the colony.

Before the advent of desktop publishing, typesetting of printed material was produced in print shops by compositors or typesetters working by hand, and later with machines.

Before getting his Ph. D he researched artificial intelligence, Bayesian statistics and hypertext publishing at Lockheed, NASA and elsewhere.

Before calling the police, he interrupts a Christmas party at the publishing house to confront Fromsett.

He continued his campaigning work into later life, founding Men Against Genital Mutilation of Girls ( MAGMOG ) in 1992, and publishing his autobiography, Before I Die Again, referring to his interest in reincarnation, the same year.

Before the advent of computers in publishing, clip art was used through a process called paste up.

Before completing the novel, he considered options for publishing, and realized he knew little about this world or how to submit a story.

Before the publishing of his first book in 1938, Davies ' work appeared in the Western Mail, the Merthyr Express, the Daily Herald, the Left Review and Comment.

Before Boswell could publish his biography of Johnson, there were many other friends of Johnson's who published or were in the middle of publishing their own biographies or collections or anecdotes on Johnson: John Hawkins, Thrale, Frances Burney, Anna Seward, Elizabeth Montagu, Hannah More, and Horace Walpole among many.

Before the book was completed, Balzac created excitement about it by publishing a series of articles and story fragments in several Parisian journals.

Before his death, Borghesi conceived the design of publishing a collection of all the Latin inscriptions of the Roman world.

Before long, he moved to Nashville and signed to the prestigious publishing company Acuff-Rose Music.

Before publishing his " Merde " novels, Clarke wrote comedy sketches for BBC Radio 4 and comic-book stories for the U. S. cartoonist and comics artist Gilbert Shelton.

Before publishing the novel in North America, Reilly rewrote most of the novel, placing the contest in the New York Library, rather than a fictitious library, and added descriptions of and encounters with the other contestants to improve his story.

Before becoming a writer he worked for five years in publishing in London and New York, and made independent documentary films that were shown on BBC television.

Before the mid-1990s, commercial game distribution was controlled by big publishers and retailers, and developers of indie games were forced to either build their own publishing company, find one willing to distribute their game, or distribute it in some form of shareware ( e. g. through BBSs ).

Before she assumed these responsibilities, Decker spent 12 years as an equity research analyst, providing coverage to institutional investors on more than 30 media, publishing, and advertising stocks.

All of his proceeds, after permission expenses, from Children Playing Before a Statue of Hercules will benefit this organization designed to help students ages six to eighteen develop their writing skills through free writing workshops, publishing projects, and one-on-one help with homework and English-language learning.

Before the Draft Act was passed Baker had confidentially briefed governors, sheriffs, and prospective draft board members on the administration of the measure -- and the confidence was kept so well that only one newspaper learned what was going on.

Before leaving, he took one last, lingering look at the apartment.

Before he could pass the river with safety, however, it was necessary to subdue certain fortresses, one of which was for several days vigorously defended by the governor, Yussuf el-Harezmi, a Khwarezmian.

Before the battle, one of Mark Antony's generals, Quintus Dellius, had defected to Octavian, bringing with him Mark Antony's battle plans.

" Before the production of written languages, dance was one of the methods of passing these stories down from generation to generation.

First, that the " sword shall never depart from your house " ( 2 Samuel 12: 10 ) second, that " Before your very eyes I will take your wives and give them to one who is close to you, and he will sleep with your wives in broad daylight.

Before going further with serious experimentation, it can be convenient to check one ’ s programs at the PC using a suitable cross-assembler, such as the portable PDP-8 / DG Nova cross-assembler listed in the External links section, before attempting execution in the RDOS environment.

Before becoming member a party needs to have been observer of the EFA for at least one year.

Before the snap of the ball, in the American game, backfield players may only move parallel to the line of scrimmage, only one back may be in motion at any given time, and if forward motion has occurred, the back must be still for a full second before the snap.

Before he ascended to the throne, his liaison with Fujiwara no Kusuko, the mother of his one consort, caused a scandal.

Before becoming president, Madero published another book, this one under the pseudonym of Bhima ( one of Arjuna's brothers in the Mahābhārata ) called a Spiritualist Manual.

Before the 1980s Soviet war, Afghanistan pursued a policy of neutrality and nonalignment in its foreign relations, being one of a few independent nations to stay neutral in both World War I and World War II.

Before, geologists could only use fossils to date sections of rock relative to one another.

Before his tour was scheduled to commence in October 1973, Parsons decided to go on one more excursion.

" Before she can cry any further, Rhett asks Scarlett to marry him saying, " I always intended having you, one way or another.

Before he dies, Heracles throws Lichas into the sea, thinking he was the one who poisoned him ( according to several versions, Lichas turns to stone, becoming a rock standing in the sea, named for him ).

Before that, in two separate experiments, Frederick Griffith and Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty had shown that DNA led to the transformation of one strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae to another that was more virulent.

Before World War II he added the Lipki estate and Semyonovskaya, and had at least four dachas in the south by 1937, including one near Sochi.

Before came Orphée, later turned into one of his more successful films ; after came La Machine infernale, arguably his most fully realized work of art.

Before the truce expired, Raynald of Chatillon, the lord of Oultrejourdain and of Kerak and one of Guy's chief supporters, recognized that Saladin was massing his troops, and attacked Muslim caravans in an attempt to disrupt this.

Before reuniting, one of Clark's hunters, Pierre Cruzatte, mistook Lewis for an elk and fired, injuring Lewis in the thigh.

Before the actual discovery of mendelevium, the trivalent state was the most stable one in aqueous solution.

Before they went metric, one Swedish mile was 10, 688 metres and a Norwegian mile was 11, 295 metres, so only a small change had to be made to the old mile to make them equal to one myriametre.