Before the arrival of the British, Rajputs, Jats, the Kathats, Cheetas and Rawat Rajputs were land-holders, as well as cultivators.

Before the arrival of Europeans, Banda had an oligarchic form of government led by orang kaya (' rich men ') and the Bandanese had an active and independent role in trade throughout the archipelago.

Before the arrival of Europeans, Grenada, was inhabited by Carib Indians who had driven the more peaceful Arawaks from the island.

Before the arrival of the Europeans, the African slave trade, centuries old in Africa, was not yet the major feature of the coastal economy of Guinea.

Before the arrival of the Europeans, the region was inhabited both by Algonquian ( Ojibwa, Cree and Algonquin ) in the northern / western portions and Iroquois and Wyandot ( Huron ) tribes more in the south / east.

Before the arrival of the mobile emitter, The Doctor's holo-program was confined only to the Sickbay and the holodecks.

Before the arrival of Europeans and Africans in the 16th century, various Amerindian groups passed through or settled on St. Vincent and the Grenadines, including the Ciboney, Arawak, and Carib peoples.

Before the arrival of European settlers, the history of the Saharan region is mainly characterized by the consolidation of settlements in large state entities – the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire.

Before the arrival of Voyager 2, astronomers suspected that Triton might have liquid nitrogen seas and a nitrogen / methane atmosphere with a density as much as 30 % that of the Earth.

Before the arrival of the Portuguese, slavery had already existed in Kongo.

Before his arrival, however, the pirates had been forced to surrender by a force of Bermudian privateers who had been issued letters of marque by the Governor of Bermuda.

Before the arrival of Europeans, an estimated 30 million people lived in South America.

Before the arrival of Columbus, in Hispaniola the indigenous Taíno pre-contact population of several hundred thousand declined to sixty thousand by 1509.

Before the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492, the Taíno people populated the island which they called Quisqueya ( mother of all lands ) and Ayiti ( land of high mountains ), and which Columbus named Hispaniola, including the territory of today's Republic of Haiti.

Before the arrival of the Māori in New Zealand, a subspecies of the Black Swan known as the New Zealand Swan had developed in the islands, but was apparently hunted to extinction.

Before the arrival of the First Fleet of Europeans at Sydney in 1788, indigenous Australians survived off the often unique native flora and fauna of the Australian bush, for between 40, 000 and 60, 000 years.

Before the arrival of the Dúnedain Arnor was home to Middle Men of Edain stock, and the early colonists soon interbred with the indigenous population.

Before the arrival of Spanish explorers, present-day Argentina was populated by Indigenous peoples.

Before the arrival of monocultures of ryegrass, both grass leys and permanent pasture always contained A. millefolium at a rate of about 0. 3 kg / ha.

Before the arrival of the Portuguese in the early sixteenth century, there is little to Réunion's recorded history.

Before the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century, the Piedmont area was populated by Native Americans.

Before the arrival of white settlers, various Native American peoples, including the Kichai and the Lenape, infrequently populated the area.

Before the arrival of European settlers, the area that is now Cocke County probably was inhabited by Cherokees.

Before the arrival of non-indigenous settlers in the early 19th century, the area was inhabited by several Native American tribes.

Before meeting Cesare, Leonardo had worked at the Milanese court of Ludovico Sforza for many years, until Louis XII of France drove Sforza out of Italy.

Before reaching Italy however, Titus learnt that Galba had been murdered and replaced by Otho, the governor of Lusitania ( modern Portugal ).

Before a new Grand Alliance could be concluded Leopold I prepared to send an expedition to seize the Spanish lands in Italy.

Before World War I Italy and Austria-Hungary had been instrumental in the creation of an independent Albanian state.

Before his consecration, Italy was disturbed by the rebellion of the eunuch Eleutherius, Exarch of Ravenna.

Before the Second World War, researchers in France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, independently and in great secrecy, developed technologies that led to the modern version of radar.

Before he became king, he was also the Sovereign Prince of Pontecorvo, in Southern Italy, between 1806 and 1810.

Before the abolition of the Italian monarchy in 1946, it was the residence of the king of Italy, and before 1871 it was, as originally, a residence of the Pope.

Before the imperial family celebrated Christmas together in Ravenna, Otto II received the Iron Crown of Lombardy as the King of Italy.

Before 5, 000 Communist delegates he spoke of a " pluralistic system " ( translated by the interpreter as " multiform "), referring to the PCI's intentions to build " a socialism that we believe necessary and possible only in Italy.

Before reaching Italy, Titus learnt that Galba had been murdered and replaced by Otho, governor of Lusitania, and that Vitellius and his armies in Germania were preparing to march on the capital, intent on overthrowing Otho.

Before his death, Leo IX had sent a legatine mission under Cardinal Humbert of Silva Candida to Constantinople to negotiate with Patriarch Michael I Cerularius in response to his actions concerning the church in Southern Italy.

Before her London contract began she returned to Italy to resume her studies with Lamperti.

Before leaving Italy Pyrrhus sent requests for military and financial assistance to southern Greece and Macedon, as well as to the Hellenic empires of the Ptolemaic and Seleucid dynasties.

Before the United States became formally involved, France, England, and Italy jointly proposed that Chile receive Tarapacá and withdrew their troops to the Camarones River ; Chile accepted this solution.

Before the Battle of Leipzig ( October 1813 ), Napoleon reproached him with not being the Augereau of Castiglione ; to which he replied, " Give me back the old soldiers of Italy, and I will show you that I am.

Before being exported to France, the famous Ballet dance genre also originated in Italy.

Before the eastern legions could reach Rome, the Danubian legions of the provinces of Raetia and Moesia also acclaimed Vespasian as Emperor in August, and led by Marcus Antonius Primus invaded Italy.

Before 25 November 1943, when the official title of the regime was adopted, the names Republican State of Italy and Republican National State () were variously used.

Before the Continuation War five more torpedo boats were ordered from Italy.

Before leaving Italy, Carlo had already discovered a warbler new to science, the Moustached Warbler, and on the voyage he collected specimens of a new storm-petrel.

Before traveling to Italy for a two-picture deal with Giuseppe Amato, Darnell was rushed into the production of Blackbeard the Pirate ( 1952 ), which — much to Darnell's distress — went far behind schedule.

Before the first series had finished airing, the BBC had sold rebroadcast licenses to TV channels in twelve countries, including Italy, Norway, Germany, Israel, Russia and the Netherlands.

Before the Columbian Exchange, there were no oranges in Florida, no bananas in Ecuador, no paprika in Hungary, no tomatoes in Italy, no potatoes in Germany, no coffee in Colombia, no pineapples in Hawaii, no rubber trees in Africa, no cattle in Texas, no donkeys in Mexico, no chili peppers in Thailand or India, and no chocolate in Switzerland.