Before Guam's inclusion, calling the U. S. required dialing the international 011 first, thus resulting in higher long distance rates and less frequent calls to the U. S. by relatives in Guam.

Before the military buildup began in fiscal year ( FY ) 1980, United States military assistance to Honduras was less than US $ 4 million.

Before LG Enhanced IPS was introduced in 2009, the additional transistors resulted in blocking more transmission area, thus requiring a brighter backlight and consuming more power, making this type of display less desirable for notebook computers.

Before the French and Spanish occupation of Morocco, which started in 1912, the country's defence force was made of a regular Makhzen army, and of a less organized but much more powerful Berber tribes ' militias.

Before them, in 1784, the English chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish had discovered that air contains a small proportion of a substance less reactive than nitrogen.

Before the First Fleet sailed to found a convict settlement in New South Wales, Governor Arthur Phillip's final instructions, received less than three weeks before sailing, included the requirement to colonise Norfolk Island to prevent it falling into the hands of France, whose naval leaders were also showing interest in the Pacific.

Before that, the censors revised the rolls of the Senate less regularly than the annual induction of quaestors created.

Before this, other, less precise terms were common to denominate cartels, for instance: association, combination, combine or pool.

Before the Nat Turner Revolt, there was a small but ineffectual antislavery movement in Virginia, largely on account of economic trends that made slavery less profitable in the Old South in the 1820s and fears among whites of the rising number of blacks, especially in the Tidewater and Piedmont regions.

Before the synthesis of ununseptium, none of ununseptium's daughter isotopes were known ; thus, there was no basis for an JWP discovery claim, much less for its recognition.

Before the late 20th century, they were used as strength measurement, with a difference in skill of less than a third of a stone per rank.

Before being burned at the stake, Semtész and Jó had their fingers ripped off their hands with hot pokers, while Ficko, who was deemed less culpable, was beheaded before being consigned to the flames.

Before the Battle, he controlled Anfauglith, with Lothlann, Dorthonion and the Pass of Sirion more or less secure.

Before this, the proposed rates were $ 2 for players with less than 1 GB of capacity, $ 15 for players up to 15 GB, and $ 25 for players 15 GB and over.

Before the 1996 Act was passed, the largest four ILECs owned less than half of all the lines in the country while five years later the largest four local telephone companies own about 85 % of all the lines in the country.

Before about 1970 these devices were often limited to pitons ; today they consist mainly of a combination of chocks and spring-loaded camming devices, but may less commonly include pitons which are driven with a hammer.

Before the 2004 elections Dua announced that if the party was supported by less than 280. 000 votes, the independent green political project would end.

Before the 19th century, most workers lived less than an hour's walk from their work.

Before the 18th century, as now, there were many marriages that were not arranged – having risen out of more or less spontaneous relationships.

Before the Second World War ties were worn shorter than they are today ; this was due, in part, to men wearing trousers at the natural waist ( more or less at the level of the belly button ), and also due to the popularity of vests, where tie length is not important as long as the tips are concealed.

Before the dam, the Colorado commonly reached flows of more than during the spring ; this has been limited to less than most years with few exceptions.

Before the advent of metal spades manual labor was less efficient at moving earth, with picks being required to break up the soil in addition to a spade for moving the dirt.

Before its closure, the station was one of the less used stations on the network, with only about 1, 130 passengers a day.

Before maturity, the actual value of a bond may be greater or less than face value, depending on the interest rate payable and the perceived risk of default.

Before arriving in Georgia, Kemble had already concluded, “ It is notorious, that almost every Southern planter has a family more or less numerous of illegitimate coloured children .” It is significant that her statements about Roswell King, Sr. and Roswell King, Jr. and their alleged status as the white fathers of enslaved mulatto children are based on what she was told by slaves who themselves were in some cases inclined to accept hearsay accounts about their paternity.

Before Okaji began his agricultural developments, the Izumo area was infertile and unable to support crops.

Before the introduction of broad-leaf herbicides, white clover was more often added to lawn seed mixes than it is today, as it is able to grow and provide green cover in poorer soils where turfgrasses do not perform well.

Before the HSNF was established, much of the land was abandoned farmland with rapidly eroding soils.

Before merging them into a common profile it is well to remember that their separate careers were extraordinary.

Before being daughter, wife, or mother, before being cultured ( a word now bereft both socially and politically of the sheen you children of frontiersmen bestowed on it ), before being sorry for the poor, progressive about public health, and prettily if somewhat imprecisely humanitarian, indeed first and foremost, you were a lady.

Before that we lumber dealers were working almost single-handed on the problem ''.

Before WWII British ' social anthropology ' and American ' cultural anthropology ' were still distinct traditions.

Before this, many of its families were assigned to the old order Liliales: a very large order containing almost all monocots with colourful tepals and without starch in their endosperm.

Before that time, at the peak of the last ice age ( c. 16, 000 BC ) sea levels everywhere were 130 metres lower, and there were large well-watered coastal plains instead of much of the northern Aegean.

Before the 20th century, most manufactured products were made individually by hand.

Before the mention of Alemanni in the time of Caracalla, you would search in vain for Alemanni in the moderately detailed geography of southern Germany in Claudius Ptolemy, written in Greek in the mid-2nd century ; it is likely that at that time, the people who later used that name were known by other designations.

Before the early 20th century, treatments for infections were based primarily on medicinal folklore.

Before Caesar's time they had attached themselves to the Romans, and were honoured with the title of brothers and kinsmen of the Roman people.

Before the arrival of the British, Rajputs, Jats, the Kathats, Cheetas and Rawat Rajputs were land-holders, as well as cultivators.

Before the Second World War, air shows were associated with long distance air races, often lasting many days and covering thousands of miles.

Before the 19th century, tattoos and piercings were very common among the Aleut people, especially among women.

Before the invention of electronic amplifiers, mechanically coupled carbon microphones were also used as amplifiers in telephone repeaters for long distance service.

Before that time, all sacrifices were counted as sacrifice hits ( SH ), which included both sacrifice flies and bunts.

Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite, racquets were made of light metals such as aluminium.

Before that, and in some places thereafter, bikes were known primarily as velocipedes .< ref >

Before the mid-1960s, computers were extremely expensive and used only for special-purpose tasks.

Before this time bricks were generally made close to their point of intended use.

Before this discovery, it is widely believed that bricks appeared about 3000 years ago in the Western Zhou dynasty since the earliest bricks were found in Western Zhou ruins.

Before Broadway became one-way, the main bus routes along it were the New York City Omnibus Company's ( NYCO ) 6 ( Broadway below Times Square ), 7 ( Broadway and Columbus Avenue ), and 11 ( Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues ), and the Surface Transportation Corporation's M100 ( Kingsbridge ) and M104 ( Broadway Branch ).

Before the rise of the mendicant orders ( wandering friars ) in the thirteenth century, the daily services were usually contained in a number of large volumes.

Before the advent of printing, breviaries were written by hand and were often richly decorated with initials and miniature illustrations telling stories in the lives of Christ or the saints, or stories from the Bible.