Before the Norman conquest in 1066, justice was administered primarily by what is today known as the county courts ( the modern " counties " were referred to as " Shires " in pre-Norman times ), presided by the diocesan bishop and the sheriff, exercising both ecclesiastical and civil jurisdiction.

Before the commencement of the Holy Liturgy, the bishop-elect professes, in the middle of the church before the seated bishops who will consecrate him, in detail the doctrines of the Orthodox Christian Faith and pledges to observe the canons of the Apostles and Councils, the Typikon and customs of the Orthodox Church and to obey ecclesiastical authority.

Before 1100, the Catholic Church had already suppressed heresy, usually through a system of ecclesiastical proscription or imprisonment, but without using torture

Before his consecration he became known for supporting ecclesiastical independence from Rome, maintenance of the Great Charter and the exclusion of foreigners from civil and ecclesiastical office.

Before 1 February 1833, in common with the admiralty and ecclesiastical courts, appeal from the Court was to the Crown in Chancery, with appeals being heard by Commissioners appointed by letters patent under the Great Seal in each case.

Before 1540 he was sworn of James V of Scotland's privy council, and was known as one of the party in favour of the English alliance and of an ecclesiastical reformation.

Before this date a variety of groups based around ecclesiastical parishes had responsibility for these matters, in a system of local government that originated in the feudal system of the 8th century.

Before the Diocese of Detroit was formed, Michigan had been under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Quebec from 1701 until sometime after 1796 ; de facto American sovereignty was established in that year.

Before and during the American Revolutionary War, the Catholics in Great Britain's thirteen colonies in America ( and also its colonies in Canada ) were under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the bishop of the Apostolic Vicariate of the London District, in England.

Before choosing their replacements, he increased the number of bishops to five, thereby reducing the power of individual bishops ( see ecclesiastical coup ).

Before being put to death by the partisan of the patriarch of Alqosh, he ordained five metropolitan bishops thus beginning a new ecclesiastical hierarchy, the patriarchal line known as Shimun line.

Before his resignation from the post, Oakeley, who was later to describe the chapel as " a complete paragon of ugliness " had conceived the idea of rebuilding the chapel in what he considered a correct ecclesiastical style, and had collected a sum of almost £ 30, 000 for the purpose.

Before this, North Carolina was an Apostolic Vicariate under the ecclesiastical authority of Bishop Leo Haid, O. S. B., who was both abbot of Belmont Abbey and Vicar Apostle of North Carolina.

Before the local government reforms of the 19th century, the local parish or vestry was both a civil and an ecclesiastical unit within the Seisdon Hundred of the historic county of Staffordshire.

Before the reign of Edward I, when convocation assumed substantially its present form, there were convened in London various diocesan, provincial, national and legatine synods ; during the past six centuries, however, the chief ecclesiastical assemblies held there have been convocations of the province of Canterbury.

Before the Province of New York was granted county subdivisions and a greater royal presence in 1683, the early ducal colony consisted of York Shire, as well as Albany and Ulster, after the three titles held by Prince James: Duke of York, Duke of Albany, Earl of Ulster.

Before transcribing any of the divine titles or name he prepares mentally to sanctify them.

Valhalla is referenced in the video game titles Valhalla ( 1983 ), Valhalla: Before the War ( 1995 ), Valkyrie Profile ( 2000 ), Max Payne ( 2001 ), Valhalla Knights ( 2006 ), Final Fantasy XI ( 2002 ), Halo 3 ( 2007 ), The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim ( 2011 ), and Final Fantasy XIII-2 ( 2011 ).

Before their divorces, Diana, Princess of Wales and Sarah, Duchess of York enjoyed the respective titles and styles of " HRH The Princess of Wales ," and " HRH The Duchess of York ".

Before this, Huang ( 皇 ) and Di ( 帝 ) were given as titles of a number of rulers from the era known as the " sage kings " period, supposedly predating written history, but probably coinciding with or following the invention and early stages of evolution for the Chinese writing system.

She also was given titles such as the ( One ) Before Whom Evil Trembles, the Mistress of Dread, Lady of Slaughter and She Who Mauls.

Before his accession to the Portuguese throne, John VI bore the titles of Duke of Braganza and Duke of Beja, as well as the title of Prince of Brazil.

Before she became famous, she earned titles in several beauty contests, including holding the titles of Miss Louisiana USA 1975 for Miss USA and that of Miss Louisiana for both the Miss World and the Miss International pageants.

Before bowling became a varsity sport, it was a club sport coached by Bill Straub who led the club team to two national IBC titles in 1991 and 1995.

Before that she played herself in Jean-Luc Godard's film Made in U. S. A .. Faithfull has also appeared in the 1967 film I'll Never Forget What's ' isname alongside Orson Welles ( where she notedly became the first person to say " fuck " in a mainstream studio picture ), in the French television film Anna, starring Anna Karina ( in which Faithfull sang Serge Gainsbourg's " Hier ou Demain "), as a leather-clad motorcyclist in the 1968 French film La Motocyclette ( English titles: Girl on a Motorcycle and Naked Under Leather ) opposite Alain Delon, and in Kenneth Anger's 1969 film Lucifer Rising, in which she played Lilith.

Before 1818, the King of Sweden had many more titles since the times of Sweden as a great power.

Before that point, the Red Sox had been one of the most successful professional baseball franchises, winning the first World Series and amassing five World Series titles.

Before this time, the Hohenzollern sovereign had held many titles and crowns, from Supreme Governor of the Protestant Churches ( summus episcopus ) to King, Elector, Grand Duke, Duke for the various regions and realms under his rule.

In and around Johannesburg the growth of the independent music scene led to not just a surge of bands ranging from big names ( relatively speaking ) Tribe after Tribe, The Dynamics and The Softies through to smaller hopefuls What Colours, Days Before and No Exit, but also to the growth of a vibrant DIY fanzine scene with " Palladium " and " One Page to Many " two titles of note.

Before the Dukes succeeded to the Marquisate of Douglas and its subsidiary titles, the heirs apparent were styled initially " Earl of Arran " ( which had previously been used as a courtesy title by the Marquises of Hamilton ) and later " Marquis of Clydesdale " ( the former style then being adopted for a grandson in direct line ).

In 2010, the game was included as one of the titles in the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die.

Before the final title was chosen, which took over 5 years, the series had the working titles Monsters and Real Monsters.

In 2010, the game was included as one of the titles in the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die.

Before the Thayer Conference defined school psychology, practitioners used seventy-five different professional titles.

Before that, she had also obtained the titles of Woman Grandmaster and International Master.

Before the Land Registration Act 2002 it was possible to volunteer to register lordship titles with HM Land Registry ; most did not seek to register.

Before the Land Registration Act 2002 it was possible to volunteer to register lordship titles, most did not seek to register.

In 2010, the game was included as one of the titles in the book 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die.

The 1962 Established edition titles were: We Read Pictures, We Read More Pictures, Before We Read, Sally Dick and Jane, Fun With Our Family, Fun Wherever We Are, Guess Who, Fun With Our Friends, More Fun With Our Friends ( All Grade 1 ), Friends Old and New, More Friends Old and New ( grade 2 ), Roads to Follow, More Roads to Follow ( grade 3 ), Ventures ( 4 ), Vistas ( 5 ), Cavalcades ( 6 ), Dimensions ( 7 ), Challenges ( 8 ).

Before the Apollo XI moon landing in 1969, NASA began early studies of space shuttle designs.

Fantasy writer Larry Niven in his 1969 short story Not Long Before the End described mana as a natural resource which is used or channeled by wizards to cast magic spells.

Before the end of October 1969, several records were released on the subject — including " The Ballad of Paul " by the Mystery Tour, " Brother Paul " by Billy Shears and the All Americans, and " So Long Paul " by Werbley Finster, a pseudonym for José Feliciano.

Before 1969, Sudden Valley was nothing more than " a Ranch " owned by Glen and Betty Corning.

Before Deutsche Grammophon founded its own American branch in 1969, it had a distribution deal with American Decca until 1962 when distribution switched to MGM Records.

Before the vaccine to rubella was introduced in 1969, widespread outbreaks usually occurred every 6 – 9 years in the United States and 3 – 5 years in Europe, mostly affecting children in the 5-9 year old age group.

Before his death in 1969, Shah's father asserted that the reason why he and his son had published books on the subject of magic and the occult was " to forestall a probable popular revival or belief among a significant number of people in this nonsense.

Before 1969 he was a drummer in a band called Psy Free.

Before the end of the 1960s, Trudeau would pass the Official Languages Act ( 1969 ), which aimed to ensure that all federal government services were available in both of Canada's official languages.

; Jingle Jangle ( 1969 ): Jingle Jangle / Everything's Alright / She's Putting Me Thru Changes / Justine / Whoopee Tie Ai A / Nursery Rhyme / Get on the Line / You Know I Love You / Senorita Rita / Look Before You Leap / Sugar and Spice / Archie's Party

* Bennett, Lerone, Before the Mayflower ( 1969 )

Before his political career Sorsa worked for UNESCO in Paris 1959 – 1965, and was Secretary-General of Finnish UNESCO board 1965 – 1969, and official in the Ministry of Education 1967 – 1969.

Before it was renamed in 1969 as the Bachelor of Laws degree, the bachelor ’ s degree in common law conferred by Canada's University of New Brunswick was known as the Bachelor of Civil Law.

* Before Winter Comes ( 1969 )

( 1946 ); “ Essentials for Nigeria ’ s Survival .” ( 1965 ); “ Before Us Lies The Open Grave ” ( 1947 ); “ The Future of Pan-Africanism ” ( 1961 ); “ The Realities of African Unity ” ( 1965 ); “ Origins of the Nigerian Civil War ” ( 1969 ); I Believe in a One Nigeria ( 1969 ); Peace Proposals for Ending the Nigerian Civil War ( 1969 ); Dialogue on a New Capital for Nigeria ( 1974 ); “ Creation of More States in Nigeria, A Political Analysis ” ( 1974 ); Democracy with Military Vigilance ( 1974 ); “ Reorientation of Nigerian Ideologies: lecture on 9 December 1976, on eve of the launching of the UNN Endowment Fund ” ( 1976 ); Our Struggle for Freedom ; Onitsha Market Crisis ( 1976 ); Let Us Forgive Our Children, An appeal to the leaders and people of Onitsha during the market crisis ( 1976 ); A Collection of Poems ( 1977 ); Civil War Soliloquies: More Collection of Poems ( 1977 ); “ Themes in African Social and Political Thought ” ( 1978 ); Restoration of Nigerian Democracy ( 1978 ); Matchless Past Performance: My Reply to Chief Awolowo ’ s Challenge ( 1979 ); A Matter of Conscience ( 1979 ); Ideology for Nigeria: Capitalism, Socialism or Welfarism?

Before IBM unbundled software from hardware in 1969, the OS ( and most other software ) was included in the cost of the hardware.

* In the Hour Before Midnight ( 1969 ) a. k. a. The Sicilian Heritage

Before its demolition in 1969, to make way for the office block and hotel that exists now, it was used inside for the filming in 1964 of the Beatles ' film A Hard Day's Night, the Mr Universe World competitions, and Sotheby's Auction in 1968 of the Diaghilev costumes and curtains.

Before June 2000 Abu Dhabi's original logo was launched in 1969.

Before becoming a specialist school, Chetham's had a good reputation for music, and on this basis the decision was made to become a co-educational music school in 1969.

Before his death during a bank robbery in 1969 he wrote the Minimanual of the Urban Guerrilla which, between the polemics, gave clear advice on strategy and was quickly adopted by others around the world.