Beginning slowly through contacts with Berber and Arab merchants engaged in the important caravan trades and rapidly advancing through the Almoravid conquests, Islamization did not take firm hold until the arrival of Yemeni Arabs in the 12th and 13th centuries and was not complete until several centuries later.

Beginning in the 12th century, some manuscripts show a partial vocalization resembling the Jewish Tiberian vocalization used in Masoretic manuscripts.

Beginning in the 12th century, the organ began to evolve into a complex instrument

Beginning in the 12th century, there was a massive influx of rural Germanic settlers from Flanders, Saxony, Thuringia and Franconia.

Beginning in the 12th century, several Islamic states were established in the Indian subcontinent

Beginning in the 12th century, they eventually ruled the lands of the entire northern Volta basin, which today includes all of northern Ghana and Burkina Faso.

Beginning in 1985, fans also began waving 12th Man Towels during the game to show their support.

Beginning with the 2010 school year, it will serve students from 6th grade to 12th grade, with the middle school named Sal Castro Middle School on the campus.

Beginning with the 12th game his first-round match against Tom Gullikson, McEnroe began berating the umpire, Edward James, when calls went against him.

Beginning in the 12th century, they espoused strict breeding that promoted purity and hardiness.

Beginning in the 12th century, German merchants and miners began to settle in the Kingdom of Hungary at the invitation of the Hungarian monarchy ( see Ostsiedlung ).

Beginning on July 26, to August 9, 1945, the Filipino soldiers and the American bombers was re-occupied the town of Mayoyao, Ifugao in Northern Luzon including the Filipino troops of the 1st, 2nd, 11th, 12th, 13th, 15th and 16th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, 1st Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary, 11th and 14th Infantry Regiment of the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines-Northern Luzon or USAFIP-NL and the American bomber pilots of the United States Army Air Forces was fought against the Japanese Imperial forces during the Battle of Mayoyao Ridge until the end of World War II.

Beginning with Sneferu and to the 12th dynasty all pyramids had a valley temple, which is missing at Meidum.

Beginning in the 12th century and increasingly in the 13th-14th centuries, Hungarian kings invited German colonists to settle in the eastern lands of the Kingdom of Hungary ; these German settlers became known as the Transylvanian Saxons.

Beginning in the 17th century, immigrants from the United Kingdom, Ireland, Spain, Germany and France began arriving in large numbers, bringing with them new styles and instruments.

Beginning with the 17th century, another form of dagger — the plug bayonet and later the socket bayonet — was used to convert muskets and other longarms into spears by mounting them on the barrel.

Beginning during the second half of the 19th century the town became home to numerous artists.

Beginning in the 19th century, the basins of the streams themselves have also been used as housing grounds, resulting in occasional floodings in the city centre.

Beginning in the middle 2nd century, the Wielbark culture shifted to the southeast, towards the Black Sea.

Beginning in the 11th century, longer scrolls and books were produced using movable type printing making books widely available during the Song dynasty ( 960 – 1279 ).

Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge.

Beginning in the nineteenth century, with the ascent of academic history, a corpus of historiographic literature developed.

Beginning in the 14th century BC, the Chinese developed a decimal, or base ten-system for recording numbers.

Beginning in the middle of the 17th century, the nobles ' democracy, subjected to devastating wars, falling into internal disorder and then anarchy, gradually declined, making the once powerful Commonwealth vulnerable to foreign intervention.

Beginning in the 16th century, this branch of the family became Protestant and decided on expansion through marriage and the purchase of surrounding lands.

Beginning in the mid-18th century and over the next century, large areas of India were annexed by the British East India Company.

Beginning in the 7th century BC, Greek colonies were established on the Illyrian coast.

Beginning in the late-14th century, the Ottomans expanded their empire from Anatolia to the Balkans ( Rumelia ).

Beginning in Renaissance Italy in the 16th century, new mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific discoveries, were made at an increasing pace that continues through the present day.

Beginning in the 4th century, churches painted their walls and made icons to reflect an authentic expression of their faith.

Beginning in the late 19th and early 20th century however, policies such as Woodrow Wilson's mission to " make the world safe for democracy " were often backed by military force, but more often effected from behind the scenes, consistent with the general notion of hegemony and imperium of historical empires ..

Beginning in the nineteenth century, more sophisticated notions of integrals began to appear, where the type of the function as well as the domain over which the integration is performed has been generalised.

Beginning in the 16th century, European countries began officially making January 1 the start of the New Year once again — sometimes called Circumcision Style because this was the date of the Feast of the Circumcision, being the seventh day after December 25.

Beginning in the early 11th century, the Qarakhanids fought constantly among themselves and with the Seljuk Turks to the south.

Beginning around the 3rd century BC, it took two centuries to become a dominant literature of Ancient Rome, with many educated Romans still reading and writing in Ancient Greek, as late as Marcus Aurelius ( 121 – 180 AD ).

Beginning of the Gospel of John from a pocket Wycliffe translation that may have been used by a roving Lollard preacher ( late 14th century )

Beginning in the early 19th century, most of the island was united and ruled as the Kingdom of Madagascar by a series of Merina nobles.

Beginning in the 13th century it was the border of Medieval Livonia and the Novgorod Republic.

Beginning with the October 1959 issue of the Journal, the method of production of copy for photo-offset reproduction was changed from varityping to hot typesetting.

Beginning with the Bronze Age Collapse at the end of the 2nd millennium BC, the west coast of Anatolia was settled by Ionian Greeks, usurping the related but earlier Mycenaean Greeks.

Beginning with Reginald Fessenden's audio demonstrations in 1906, it was also the original method used for audio radio transmissions, and remains in use today by many forms of communication —" AM " is often used to refer to the mediumwave broadcast band ( see AM radio ).

Beginning in 2008 there was a mass exodus of captives for better staffed jurisdictions like Anguilla.

Beginning in 2002 a professional staff was hired, composed of operations, engineering and marketing specialists.

Beginning in 1931 and continuing to the present day, the rule was changed to require the umpire to judge based on the point where the ball cleared the fence.

Beginning in 1975, " Bert " was used for Jet Assisted Take Off ( JATO ) and short aerial demonstrations just prior to the main event at selected venues, but the JATO demonstration ended in 2009 due to dwindling supplies of rockets.

Beginning in 1834, he spent his scholarly career at the University of Leipzig where he was mainly influenced by JGB Winer, and he began to take special interest in New Testament criticism.

Beginning in the 1880s and 1890s through the end of his life in 1926, Monet worked on " series " paintings, in which a subject was depicted in varying light and weather conditions.

Beginning in 1970, it was made illegal to fail to return a completed census form.

Beginning in the 1520s, the Caribbean Sea was raided by increasingly numerous French pirates.

Beginning in the 1960s, water inflow to the Dead Sea from the Jordan River was reduced as a result of large-scale irrigation and generally low rainfall.

Beginning around 1890, the early New Orleans jazz ensemble ( which played a mixture of marches, ragtime, and Dixieland ) was initially a marching band with a tuba or sousaphone ( or occasionally bass saxophone ) supplying the bass line.

During discovery, Lewis produced articles, promotional materials, documentary evidence and an interview recorded at the Akron Art Institute following the premiere of In the Beginning was the End in which Mothersbaugh and other band members credited Lewis with developing the theory of de-evolution, and the band quickly settled for an undisclosed sum.

Beginning about 550, however, the British began to lose ground once more, and within twenty-five years it appears that control of almost all of southern England was in the hands of the invaders.

Beginning around the second millennium BCE, he was sometimes referred to in writing by the numeric ideogram for " 40 ," occasionally referred to as his " sacred number.

Beginning regionally again and universally by 1923, the Burnside rules led to the 3-man scrimmage being reduced to the centre alone, the number of players on the field being reduced commensurately from 14 to 12, and a snap rule and neutral zone similar to that of American football was adopted.

In 1999 his autobiography, The Last Trek — A New Beginning, was published.

Beginning with the replacement of the Reichsmark with the Deutsche Mark as legal tender, a lasting period of low inflation and rapid industrial growth was overseen by the government led by German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and his minister of economics, Ludwig Erhard, raising West Germany from total wartime devastation to one of the most developed nations in modern Europe.

Beginning in 1278, when Magnus III of Sweden ascended to the throne, a reference to Gothic origins was included in the title of the King of Sweden: In 1973, with the death of King Gustaf VI Adolf, the title was changed to simply " King of Sweden.

Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of SS national leader, Heinrich Himmler who in 1936 was appointed Chief of German Police ( Chef der Deutschen Polizei ) by Hitler.

Beginning in Naples in 1859 and spreading throughout Italy, the slogan " Viva VERDI " was used as an acronym for Viva Vittorio Emanuele Re