* 1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by a firing squad consisting of members of the Italian resistance movement.

* 1945 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans in Dongo, while attempting escape disguised as a German soldier.

* 1945 – The Nazi occupation army surrenders and leaves Northern Italy after a general partisan insurrection by the Italian resistance movement ; the puppet fascist regime dissolves and Benito Mussolini tries to escape.

Distinguishing itself from the MSI, the party distanced itself from Benito Mussolini and Fascism and made efforts to improve relations with Jewish groups.

Almost forty years later, on 3 October 1935, after the League of Nations's weak response to the Abyssinia Crisis, the Italians launched a new military campaign endorsed by Benito Mussolini, the Second Italo-Abyssinian War.

However, his next films, The Great Dictator ( 1940 ), a parody on Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini that ended in a dramatic speech criticising the blind following patriotic nationalism, and Monsieur Verdoux ( 1947 ), which criticised war and capitalism, as well as his first European film A King in New York ( 1957 ), which ridiculed the U. S. House Un-American Activities Committee, were more clearly political and caused controversy.

With the head of Benito Mussolini on the obverse, this is an obvious copy.

Later on, Fascist Italy could also be considered as a " constitutional monarchy " of a kind, in the sense that there was a king as the titular head of state while actual power was held by Benito Mussolini under a constitution.

Caligula had two large ships constructed for himself, which were recovered from the bottom of Lake Nemi during the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini.

Clara Petacci ( born Claretta Petacci ; 28 February 1912 – 28 April 1945 ) was the mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, who was twenty-eight years her senior.

Category: Mistresses of Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini

Dollfuss also exchanged ' Secret Letters ' with Benito Mussolini about ways to guarantee Austrian independence.

The decision to move to America and become American citizens was primarily a result of the Manifesto of Race promulgated by the fascist regime of Benito Mussolini in order to bring Italian Fascism ideologically closer to German Nazism.

Benito Mussolini in 1919 described fascism as a syncretic movement that would strike " against the backwardness of the right and the destructiveness of the left ".

Benito Mussolini promoted ambiguity about fascism's positions in order to rally as many people to it as possible, saying fascists can be " aristocrats or democrats, revolutionaries and reactionaries, proletarians and anti-proletarians, pacifists and anti-pacifists.

Benito Mussolini in 1917, as a soldier in World War I.

At the same time, Benito Mussolini joined the interventionist cause in a separate fasci.

Benito Mussolini consolidated control over the Fascist movement in 1919 with the founding of the Fasci italiani di combattimento, whose opposition to socialism he declared:

Benito Mussolini ( centre in suit with arms akimbo ) along with other Fascist leader figures and Blackshirts during the March on Rome.

Benito Mussolini ( left ) and Adolf Hitler ( right ).

The repression of memory led to historical revisionism in Italy and in 2003 the Italian media published Silvio Berlusconi's statement that the Benito Mussolini only " used to send people on vacation ", denying the existence of Italian concentration camps, such as Rab concentration camp.

Alessandra Mussolini, the granddaughter of Benito Mussolini, and a prominent Italian Neofascism | neofascist politician.

Benito Mussolini stated in 1922, " For us the nation is not just territory but something spiritual ... A nation is great when it translates into reality the force of its spirit.

In January and February 1926 Rilke wrote three letters to the Mussolini-adversary Aurelia Gallarati Scotti, in which he praised Benito Mussolini and described fascism as a healing agent.

In the 1930s, Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini described Italian Fascism's economic system of corporatism as " state socialism turned on its head ".

In 1874 van der Berg catalogued it for sale, calling it Dahlia juarezii to honor Mexican President Benito Pablo Juarez, who had died the year before, and described it as "... equal to the beautiful color of the red poppy.

Blofeld is described physically as a massive man, weighing roughly, has black crew-cut hair, black eyes ( similar to those of Benito Mussolini's ), heavy eyelashes, a thin mouth and long pointed hands and feet.

A number of the leading early modernists became known for their right-wing views ; these included Eliot, who once described himself as a Royalist, Stein, who supported the Vichy government for a time at least, and, most notoriously, Pound, who, after moving to Italy in the early 1930s, openly admired Benito Mussolini and began to include anti-Semitic sentiments in his writings.

Although Morales has sometimes been described as the first indigenous president to be democratically elected in Latin America, this description in fact goes to Benito Juarez, a Mexican of the Zapotec ethnic group, was elected President of Mexico in 1858.

Run by the Abbé Norbert Wallez, the paper described itself as a " Catholic Newspaper for Doctrine and Information " and disseminated a far right and fascist viewpoint: Wallez himself was a great admirer of Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini and kept a picture of him on his desktop, while Léon Degrelle, who would later become the leader of the fascist Rexists, worked as a foreign correspondent for the paper.

He described himself as ' the philosopher of Fascism ', and ghostwrote A Doctrine of Fascism ( 1932 ) for Benito Mussolini.

Giovanni Gentile was described by Mussolini, and by himself, as ' the philosopher of Fascism '; moreover, he was the ghostwriter of the essay A Doctrine of Fascism ( 1932 ), by Benito Mussolini.

* Giovanni Gentile, Minister of Public Education ( 1923 ) and neo-Hegelian Idealist philosopher, a peer of Benedetto Croce, described himself as ' the philosopher of Fascism ', and ghostwrote A Doctrine of Fascism ( 1932 ) for Benito Mussolini, also devised his own system of philosophy, Actual Idealism, and Professor at the Scuola Normale Superiore

A self-proclaimed fascist and admirer of Benito Mussolini, Vespa had no admiration for the Japanese administration of Manchukuo, which he described with considerable venom in a book published in 1938.

Affectionately known as Il Vecchio Maestro ( The Old Master ) and described as both an Anglophile and authoritarian, Pozzo's time as national coach coincided with the period in which Benito Mussolini governed Italy and it has been written that Pozzo was a beneficiary of that era in that he was able to command a type of control over players not permissible in the aftermath of that time.

Zogu maintained good relations with Benito Mussolini's fascist regime in Italy and supported Italy's foreign policy.

Despite some insignificant resistance, especially at Durrës, Italy invaded Albania on 7 April 1939 and took control of the country, with the Italian Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini proclaiming Italy's figurehead King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy as King of Albania.

Nonetheless, his tiny principality was tormented by domestic conflict partly as a result of Louis ' indecisiveness, and also because the majority of the population was of Italian descent ; many of them supported the fascist regime of Italy's Benito Mussolini.

Berlusconi is the longest-serving post-war Prime Minister of Italy, and third longest-serving since Italy's unification, after Benito Mussolini and Giovanni Giolitti, holding three separate terms.

Named after Italy's then dictator prime minister, Benito Mussolini, they were abandoned upon his ousting in 1943, and eventually returned as the Grand International Prize of Venice in 1947 ( see Golden Lion ).

* December 23 – WWII: Winston Churchill, in a broadcast address to the people of Italy, blames Benito Mussolini for leading his nation to war against the British, contrary to Italy's historic friendship with them: " One man has arrayed the trustees and inheritors of ancient Rome upon the side of the ferocious pagan barbarians.

Benito Mussolini, soon to be Italy's Fascist dictator, took advantage of this instability for his rise to power.

Nonetheless, his tiny principality was tormented by domestic conflict partly as a result of Louis ' indecisiveness and also because the majority of the population was of Italian descent and they supported the fascist regime of Italy's Benito Mussolini.

Italy's Duce Benito Mussolini ( left ) with Leader Oswald Mosley ( right ) during Mosley's visit to Italy in 1936.

To Italy's Consul-General in Jerusalem, Mariano de Angelis, he explained in July that his decision to get directly involved in the conflict arose from the trust he reposed in Italian dictator Benito Mussolini's backing and promises.

Many early twentieth century regimes failed through political instability and / or the interventions of heads of state, notably King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy's failure to back his government when facing the threat posed by Benito Mussolini in 1922, or the support given by King Alfonso XIII of Spain to a prime minister using dictatorial powers in the 1920s.

In the 1920s the Stalhelm received political support from Fascist Italy's Duce Benito Mussolini.

Italo Balbo ( Ferrara, June 6, 1896 – Tobruk, June 28, 1940 ) was an Italian Blackshirt ( Camicie Nere, or CCNN ) leader who served as Italy's Marshal of the Air Force ( Maresciallo dell ' Aria ), Governor-General of Libya, Commander-in-Chief of Italian North Africa ( Africa Settentrionale Italiana, or ASI ), and the " heir apparent " to Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.

He became Prime Minister for the last time from 1920-1921 during Italy's " red years ," when workers ’ occupations of factories increased the fear of a communist takeover led the political establishment to tolerate the rise of the fascists of Benito Mussolini.

After paying a $ 250, 000 bribe to the fascist government, Genovese became a good friend of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini and received Italy's highest civilian medal.

Despite Italy's failure to win the Schneider Trophy, support for aeronautical feats continued as part of Benito Mussolini's propaganda campaign to promote fascist Italy, and following two initial successes, further Sparvieros were modified to set speed records.

Inspired by the military prowess and black uniforms of the Arditi, Italy's elite storm troops of World War I, the Fascist Blackshirts were organized by Benito Mussolini as the military tool of his political movement.

Michele Bianchi's attitude during World War I mirrored that of Benito Mussolini: he became an active supporter of Italy's entry into the conflict, and advocate of irredentism.

In a conversation held with Fascist Italy's leader Benito Mussolini and Galeazzo Ciano ( the Foreign Minister of Italy ) in June 1941 Hitler stated his opinion on Switzerland quite plainly:

Attracted to the political left, he nonetheless became impressed with Benito Mussolini after the two met in 1914, and became a staunch advocate of Italy's entry into the World War.

Italian dictator Benito Mussolini was arrested after the Italian Grand Council of Fascism ( Gran Consiglio del Fascismo ), with the support of King Vittorio Emanuele III, overthrew him and began negotiations with the Allies for Italy's withdrawal from the war.

He organised a punch-up between futurists in Milan, September 1914 to support Italy's entry into the war, and in a similar demonstration in May 1915 both he and Benito Mussolini were arrested.

Edda Mussolini ( 1 September 1910 – 9 April 1995 ) was the eldest child of Benito Mussolini, Italy's fascist dictator from 1922 to 1943.