* Atlas languages, a subgroup of the Northern Berber languages spoken in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco

# Berber languages ( Tuareg, Kabyle, etc.

Spanish is the only official language, while there have been calls to recognise Tamazight, a standardized version of all Berber languages official in Morocco, as well.

Albanian, Arabic, Assyrian ( VSO and VOS are also followed, depending on the person ), Berber, Bulgarian, Chinese, English, Estonian, Finnish, French, Italian, Ganda, Greek, Hausa, Hebrew, Javanese, Kashmiri, Khmer, Latvian, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese, Quiche, Rotuman, Russian, Serbian, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Vietnamese, Yoruba and Zulu are examples of languages that can follow an SVO pattern.

Tifinagh (, also written in the Berber Latin alphabet, in Neo-Tifinagh, and in the Berber Arabic alphabet ) is a series of abjad and alphabetic scripts used by some Berber peoples, notably the Tuareg, to write their languages.

These include some Berber languages and some languages of the American Pacific Northwest, such as Nuxálk.

The Chadic, Omotic, and to some extent Cushitic branches of Afroasiatic are tonal — the Omotic languages heavily so — though their sister families of Semitic, Berber, and Egyptian are not.

Since the Atlas mountains rise in the region inhabited by Berbers, it has been suggested that the name might be taken from one of the Berber languages, specifically adrar, Berber for " mountain ".

The terms for ' mountain ' in some Berber languages are adrar and adras, believed to be cognate with the toponym.

The Berbers primarily speak Berber languages, often called Shelha, or have shifted to Tunisian Arabic.

The Berber languages are represented by Siwi, spoken by about 5, 000 around the Siwa Oasis.

Beginning in the 9th century with the Jewish grammarian Judah ibn Quraysh, a relationship between the Semitic and Cushitic languages was seen ; modern linguists group these two families, along with the Egyptian, Berber, Chadic, and Omotic language groups into the larger Afro-Asiatic language family.

In Berber languages the feminine is marked with the circumfix t-- t. The word afus ( hand ) becomes tafust.

The Eastern Berber languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic family and are spoken in Libya and Egypt.

These two languages are the only Berber languages to preserve proto-Berber * β as β ; elsewhere in Berber it becomes h or disappears.

* Ethnologue entry for Eastern Berber languages

2700 – 2200 BC ) are the earliest known recorded testimony of the Berber migration and also the earliest written documentation of Libyan history.

Both ranges are mainly inhabited by the Berber people.

Most Moroccans are Sunni Muslims, mainly of Arab-Berber, Arabized Berber or Berber stock.

The main Moroccan Berber dish most people are familiar with is couscous, the old national delicacy.

Among the most famous Moroccan Berber dishes are Couscous, Pastilla ( also spelled Bsteeya or Bestilla ), Tajine, Tanjia and Harira.

Though few historical records are left from that period, Western Sahara's modern history has its roots linked to some nomadic groups ( living under Berber tribal rule and in contact with the Roman Empire ) such as the Sanhaja group and the introduction of Islam and the Arabic language the end from the 8th century AD.

The majority ( 98 % ) of modern Tunisians are Arabized Berber or Arab-Berber, and are speakers of Tunisian Arabic.

The Jews of modern France are numbering around 400, 000 persons, largely descendants of North African communities, some of which were Sephardic communities, which had come from Spain and Portugal-others were Arab and Berber Jews from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, who were already living in North Africa before the Jewish exodus from the Iberian Peninsula-and to a smaller degree members of the Ashkenazi Jewish communities, who survived the WWII and the Holocaust.

The Chafarinas Islands (, Berber: Igumamen Iceffaren or Takfarinas, Arabic: جزر الشفارين or الجزر الجعفرية ), also spelled Zafarin, Djaferin or Zafarani, are a group of three small islets located in the Alboran Sea off the coast of Morocco with an aggregate area of 0. 525 km², 45 km to the east of Nador and 3. 3 km off the Moroccan town of Ras Elma.

Contrary to popular belief, the name Saqqara is not derived from the ancient Egyptian funerary god Sokar, but from the Beni Saqqar who are a local Berber tribe.

The Tuareg ( also spelled Twareg or Touareg ; endonym Imuhagh ) are a Berber people with a traditionally nomadic pastoralist lifestyle.

Awjila is a unique ethnic community as the people are of Berber ( Amazigh ) origins.

E1b1b ( 14 % including 8. 30 % of the typical Berber haplogroup E-M81 ), E1b1a and E1a ( 1. 50 %), J ( 14 %) and T ( 3 %) Haplogroups are present at a rate of 33 %.

The pronunciation of that word may vary according the spoken Berber dialect, for example it is pronounced as " Amrabadh " in the Riff dialect.

The Siwa language, Siwi, is a Berber language of Egypt, spoken by about 15, 000 to 30, 000 people in the oases of Siwa and Gara, near the Libyan border.

Zenaga ( autonym ) is a Berber language spoken by some 200 people between Mederdra and the Atlantic coast in southwestern Mauritania.

The implantation of Arabic as the vernacular by the Arab and Berber conquerors led the Christian polemicist Petrus Alvarus of Córdoba to famously lament the decline of spoken Latin among the local Christians.

It is one of the few remaining places in Tunisia where a Berber language is still spoken.

The Afro-Asiatic languages include Arabic, Hebrew, Berber, and a variety of other languages now found mostly in Northeast Africa, although the exact boundaries of this language family are disputed in the case of a small number of languages spoken by small numbers of individuals in a few localized areas of Sudan and East Africa.

It has almost completely replaced the Berber languages spoken in this region.

The Punic language or Carthaginian language is an extinct Central Semitic language formerly spoken in the Mediterranean region of North Africa and several Mediterranean islands, by people of the Punic or Berber culture.

It has almost completely replaced the Berber languages originally spoken in this region.

Awjila ( also known as Aujilah, Augila, Aoudjila ) is a Berber language spoken in Cyrenaica, Libya, in the Awjila oasis.

Sokna or Sawknah is a Berber language spoken in the town of Sokna ( Isuknan ) and the village of Fuqaha in northeastern Fezzan in Libya.

Judeo-Berber ( Berber: Tamazight Tudayt, ) is a term used primarily for the Berber varieties traditionally spoken by the Jewish communities of certain parts of central and southern Morocco.

Shilha () also known as Tashelhit ( Tashelhit Berber ) or Chleuh ( native Tacelḥiyt or Tamazirt n Suss, Moroccan Arabic: الشلحة Shelha ), is a widely spoken variety of Berber, with some 4 million to 8 million speakers.

Arabic was a major source of vocabulary for languages as diverse as Berber, spoken Indonesian, Kurdish, Malay, Maltese, Persian, Portuguese, Sindhi, Punjabi, Somali, Spanish, Swahili, Turkish, Urdu, as well as other languages in countries where these languages are spoken ; a process that reached its high point in the 10th to the 14th centuries, the high point of Arabic culture, and although many of these words have fallen out of use since then, many remain.

Shawiya Berber is spoken by the Shawi Berbers of the Awras region of eastern Algeria and surrounding areas including Batna, Khenchela, Sétif, Oum El Bouaghi, Souk Ahras, Tébessa and the north part of Biskra.

Sened is an extinct Berber language that was spoken in the nearby towns of Sened and Majoura ( Berber Tmagurt ) in Southern Tunisia until the mid-twentieth century.

The Northern Berber languages, with those spoken by over a million people are Shilha, Central Morocco Tamazight, Riff, Shawiya, Kabyle.