But it is considered possible that he was murdered by one of the other members of the expedition, possibly Dr. Bessels.

It does not give any answer to when it was named ; however, the ship doctor and leader of the scientific part of the expedition, Emil Bessels, wrote his own book, Die amerikanische Nordpol-Expedition ( 1879 in German ).

In 1871, Bessels joined the crew of American Arctic explorer C. F. Hall on the Polaris expedition as ship's physician and head of the scientific team.

Bessels later considered mounting his own Arctic expedition, but eventually decided against it.

In 1878 Bessels published a book in German, Die amerikanische Nordpolexpedition, about the Polaris expedition.

After Hall's death several weeks later, Bessels was among those who remained with the ship, the Polaris, when most of the crew became separated while trying to salvage supplies.

Bessels and his party were eventually forced to abandon the ship, but were rescued and arrived back in the United States in 1873.

Nevertheless, following a forensic investigation in 1969 during which traces of arsenic were discovered on Hall's recovered body, today many scholars suspect that Bessels had in fact murdered Hall.

The publication was planned for a total of three volumes, the first two of which were written by Bessels.

When Hall became ill in October 1871, Bessels remained by his bedside for several days, ostensibly in order to administer medical treatment.

* Article about Bessels in the Jewish Encyclopedia

* Article about Bessels in Meyers Konversationslexikon from 1888

The party of 25 also included Hall's old friend Budington as sailing master, George Tyson as navigator, and Dr. Emil Bessels, a German physician and naturalist, as chief of the scientific staff.

Stirling's does that in odd-degree terms ; Bessels does that in even-degree terms.

At that time, he accused several of the ship's company, including Dr. Bessels, of having poisoned him.

Dr. Emil Bessels ( 2 June 1846 – 30 March 1888 ) was a German Jewish physician and Arctic explorer.

Bessels spent much of his scientific career working for the Smithsonian Institution.

However, Hall suspected that Bessels was poisoning him, and consequently refused any further contact.

The official conclusion was that Hall had died of natural causes and that Bessels had done his best in treating him.

In the 1870s, Bessels stayed several years at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C., where he worked preparing the publication of the expedition's scientific results.

Its citizens spoke all of the world's surviving tongues, plus a new one called Lingo, a pidgin whose vocabulary was derived from the other six and whose syntax was so simple it could be contained on half a sheet of paper.

But on Cemetery Hill, the I Corps could muster only a third of its men as effective for duty and the corps was essentially destroyed as a combat force for the rest of the battle ; it would be decommissioned in March 1864, its surviving units combined into other corps.

All surviving stories of Agrippina's death contradict themselves and each other, and are generally fantastical.

The sole surviving manuscript from which almost every other is derived is a ninth-century Carolingian text, V, produced in Fulda from an insular exemplar.

They were tried and executed one after the other until, when only one was still alive, the accounting error was discovered and that last surviving treasurer was acquitted.

Surprisingly, Acts does not record the outcome of Paul's legal troubles — some traditions hold that Paul was ultimately executed in Rome, while other traditions have him surviving the encounter and later traveling to Spain — see Paul-Imprisonment & Death.

These breeds are now extinct in England, and the goats surviving in a sanctuary on the island are now also bred in other parts of New Zealand and in the northern hemisphere.

This red sandstone-clad building, with its distinctive ' wave-shaped ' organic roof, planted with sedum, houses displays on the history of the Abbey and some of the best surviving stonework and other relics.

As the only surviving member of the Falcon missile family, it was not adopted by any other nation ( besides Iran ), any other US armed service, or used on any other aircraft.

The Life of Ceolfrith, written in about 710, records that only two surviving monks were capable of singing the full offices ; one was Ceolfrith and the other a young boy, who according to the anonymous writer had been taught by Ceolfrith and was " now a priest of the same monastery ".

Music was much simplified ; and a radical distinction developed between, on the one hand, parish worship where only the metrical psalms of Sternhold and Hopkins might be sung ; and on the other hand, worship in churches with organs and surviving choral foundations, where the music of John Marbeck and others was developed into a rich choral tradition.

Their major objections ( exceptions ) were: firstly, that it was improper for the lay congregation to take any vocal part in prayer ( as in the Litany or Lord's Prayer ), other than to say " Amen "; secondly, that no set prayer should exclude the option of an extempore alternative from the Minister ; thirdly, that the Minister should have the option to omit part of the set liturgy at his discretion ; fourthly, that short Collects should be replaced by longer prayers and exhortations ; and fifthly, that all surviving " Catholic " ceremonial should be removed.

The techniques and sometimes the names have been successfully applied in other disciplines: for example, to determine the relationships between the surviving manuscripts of the Canterbury Tales, or also between 53 manuscripts of the Sanskrit Carakasaṃhitā Vimānasthāna.

His surviving works are still read widely, and continue to influence poetry and other forms of art.

This is the first surviving use of the word mormaer ; other than the knowledge that Constantine's kingdom had its own bishop or bishops and royal villas, this is the only hint to the institutions of the kingdom.

There are a small number of other surviving cable television companies in the UK outside of NTL including WightFibre ( Isle of Wight ) and Smallworld Cable ( Ayrshire, Carlisle and Lancashire ).

The Universalists almost disappeared in Canada, outside of a small rural church in southwest Ontario, and were probably saved in the other two surviving locations by influx of Canadian Unitarians.

The title was also claimed by Carus ' other surviving son, Carinus, but Diocletian defeated him in the Battle of the Margus.

Astrobiologists are particularly interested in studying extremophiles, as many organisms of this type are capable of surviving in environments similar to those known to exist on other planets.

However, today this term has come to include " any music for which a historically appropriate style of performance must be reconstructed on the basis of surviving scores, treatises, instruments and other contemporary evidence.

In the earliest surviving gospel collection, Papyrus 45 of the 3rd century, it is placed second in the order Matthew, John, Luke and Mark, an order which is also found in other very early New Testament manuscripts.

Idle also led the other surviving Python members and Chapman's family and close friends in a rendition of " Always Look on the Bright Side of Life " from the film Life of Brian.

things, to the construction of a large wall and gate surrounding the Abbey ( for instance, the Great Gatehouse, the " Abbey Gateway ", which is the only surviving monastic building other than the Abbey Church, dates from 1365 ).