One is known as the Codex Bezae or Cantabrigensis, and was later presented by Beza to the University of Cambridge ; the second is the Codex Claromontanus, which Beza had found in Clermont ( now in the National Library at Paris ).

The only direct reply made to the Explicatio was the Tractatus pius et moderatus de vera excommunicatione et christiano presbyterio ( 1590 ) by Theodore Beza, who found himself rather savagely attacked in the Confirmatio thesium ; e. g. " Apostolum et Mosen adeoque Deum ipsum audes corrigere.

Of a more serious character were two controversies in which Beza was involved at this time.

The colloquy was without result, but Beza as the head and advocate of all Reformed congregations of France was revered and hated at the same time.

Even though Henri Estienne, Theodore de Beza ( rector of the university and professor of theology ), and Jacques Lect ( Lectius ), were men of superior learning, they often had no time for Casaubon.

Against the monarchomachs who were assailing kingship in his time, such as Theodore Beza and François Hotman Bodin succeeded in writing a fundamental and influential treatise of social and political theory.

Jeanne d ' Albret founded a Calvinist university in the town and Theodore Beza taught there for some time.

The Second Helvetic Confession earned his disapproval, in 1571, rupturing his relationship with Theodore Beza and leading Ramus to write angrily to Heinrich Bullinger.

Of no less importance are the contributions of Beza to Biblical science.

Combining his pastoral and literary gifts, Beza wrote the first drama produced in French, Abrahm Sacrifiant ; a play that is an antecedent to the work of Racine and is still occasionally produced today.

Until 1580 Beza was not only moderateur de la compagnie des pasteurs, but also the real soul of the great institution of learning at Geneva which Calvin had founded in 1559, consisting of a gymnasium and an academy.

To sum up: Without being a great dogmatician like his master, nor a creative genius in the ecclesiastical realm, Beza had qualities which made him famous as humanist, exegete, orator, and leader in religious and political affairs, and qualified him to be the guide of the Calvinists in all Europe.

In the various controversies into which he was drawn, Beza often showed an excess of irritation and intolerance, from which Bernardino Ochino, pastor of the Italian congregation at Zurich ( on account of a treatise which contained some objectionable points on polygamy ), and Sebastian Castellio at Basel ( on account of his Latin and French translations of the Bible ) had especially to suffer.

He was the moderator of the general synod which met in April, 1571, at La Rochelle and decided not to abolish church discipline or to acknowledge the civil government as head of the Church, as the Paris minister Jean Morel and the philosopher Pierre Ramus demanded ; it also decided to confirm anew the Calvinistic doctrine of the Lord's Supper ( by the expression: " substance of the body of Christ ") against Zwinglianism, which caused a very unpleasant discussion between Beza and Ramus and Heinrich Bullinger.

Beza, in tabular form, thoroughly elucidates the religious views which emanated from a fundamental supralapsarian mode of thought.

In the preparation of this edition of the Greek text, but much more in the preparation of the second edition which he brought out in 1582, Beza may have availed himself of the help of two very valuable manuscripts.

During the reign of Queen Mary I of England ( 1553 – 58 ), a number of Protestant scholars fled from England to Geneva in Switzerland, which was then ruled as a republic in which John Calvin and, later, Theodore Beza provided the primary spiritual and theological leadership.

In his Chiefe Points of Christian Religion, Theodore Beza, the successor to John Calvin, describes the category of sinner into which Faustus would most likely have been cast:

During the upheavals of the Wars of Religion in the 16th century, when textual analysis had a new urgency among the Reformation's Protestants, the manuscript was taken from Lyon in 1562 and delivered to the Protestant scholar Theodore Beza, the friend and successor of Calvin, who gave it to the University of Cambridge, in the comparative security of England, in 1581, which accounts for its double name.

Perkins thus began a lifelong association with the " moderate-puritan " wing of the Church of England, which, according to historian Peter Lake, held views similar to those of the continental Calvinist theologians Theodore Beza, Girolamo Zanchi, and Zacharias Ursinus.

himself answered to him in 1555, there was open, inter-Protestant controversy about Eucharist, which involved on the side of the Reformed Lasco, Bullinger, Ochino, Valerandus Polanus, Beza, and Bibliander ; on the side of the Lutherans Timann, Heshusius Paul von Eitzen, Schnepff, E. Alberus, Gallus, Flacius, Judex, Brenz, and Andreä.

Huguenots were as intransigent as Catholics: Theodore Beza remarked to the royal envoy that persecutions are futile and that the Reformed church was like an anvil on which many hammers have been broken.

Arminius studied under the staunch Reformed scholar Theodore Beza, whose views of election, Arminius eventually argued, could not reconcile freedom with moral responsibility.

Of the editions of the Greek New Testament that went forth from his presses, those of Beza with his commentary deserve mention.

Beza, in accordance with the wish of his father, went back to Orléans to study law, and spent four years there ( 1535 – 39 ).

In the autumn of 1558 Beza undertook a second journey with Farel to Worms by way of Strasburg in the hopes of bringing about an intercession by the Evangelical princes of the empire in favor of the persecuted brethren at Paris.

As a result, Beza undertook another journey with Farel, Johannes Buddaeus, and Gaspard Carmel to Strasburg and Frankfort, where the sending of an embassy to Paris was resolved upon.

12, 1563 ) filled Beza and all Protestant France with horror.

At Amsterdam, Arminius through " a number of sermons on the Epistle of the Romans, he had gradually developed opinions on grace, predestination and free will that were inconsistent with the doctrine of the Reformed teachers Calvin and Beza ".

Codreanu was briefly arrested together with the would-be assassin Gheorghe Beza: both were tried and acquitted.

There, in 1578, he published a commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, with a preface by Theodore Beza.

On his way home in 1599 he remained for some months at Geneva with the reformer Theodore Beza.

In 1559, Corderius left the Vaud with Pierre Viret and Theodore Beza.

After studying at Rostock, at the age of 30, Emmius took classes in Geneva with Theodorus Beza, a Calvinist who influenced Emmius greatly.

Beza, a French nobleman and head of the academy in the metropolis of French Protestantism, was invited to Castle Nerac, but he could not plant the seed of Evangelical faith in the heart of the king.

In defense of Calvin and the Genevan magistrates, Beza published in 1554 the work De haereticis a civili magistratu puniendis ( translated into French in 1560 ).

As Calvin's successor, Beza was very successful, not only in carrying on his work but also in giving peace to the Church at Geneva.

The work, attacked violently by the Leuven theologians on one side, and by Calvin and Beza on the other, was put on the Roman Index in 1617.

The Right of Magistrates (, ) is a 1574 work written by Theodore Beza, and published anonymously, as a polemical contribution to the pamphlet literature of the French Wars of Religion.

He was taught by Theodore Beza, Calvin's hand-picked successor, but after examination of the Scriptures, he rejected his teacher's theology that it is God who unconditionally elects some for salvation.

Neither was available, but he succeeded in obtaining Theodore Beza as rector.

Theodore Beza ( Théodore de Bèze or de Besze ) ( June 24, 1519 – October 13, 1605 ) was a French Protestant Christian theologian and scholar who played an important role in the Reformation.

Theodore Beza was born at Vezelay, in Burgundy, France.

Young Beza soon followed his teacher to Bourges, where the latter was called by the duchess Margaret of Angoulême, sister of Francis I.

Beza was at a loss for immediate occupation, so he went to Tübingen to see his former teacher Wolmar.

With Melanchthon and other theologians then assembled at the Colloquy of Worms, Beza proposed a union of all Protestant Christians, but the proposal was decidedly denied by Zurich and Bern.

Upon his return to Lausanne, Beza was greatly disturbed.

As one of the messengers to collect soldiers and money among his coreligionists, Beza was appointed to visit England, Germany, and Switzerland.

As a matter of course Beza was his successor.

As long as he lived, Beza was interested in higher education.

The last polemical conflict of importance Beza encountered from the Lutherans was at the Colloquy of Mömpelgard, Mar.

When the edition of the acts of the colloquy, as prepared by Jakob Andrea, was published, Samuel Huber, of Burg near Bern, who belonged to the Lutheranizing faction of the Swiss clergy, took so great offense at the supralapsarian doctrine of predestination propounded at Mömpelgard by Beza and Musculus that he felt it to be his duty to denounce Musculus to the magistrates of Bern as an innovator in doctrine.

The three delegates of the Helvetic cantons who presided at the debate declared in the end that Beza had substantiated the teaching propounded at Mömpelgard as the orthodox one, and Huber was dismissed from his office.

Strange to say, in 1596 the report was spread by the Jesuits in Germany, France, England, and Italy that Beza and the Church of Geneva had returned into the bosom of Rome, and Beza replied in a satire that revealed the possession still of his old fire of thought and vigor of expression.