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Page "Origin of language" ¶ 93
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Bickerton and 2009
* Bickerton, E. ( 2009 ), A Short History of Cahiers du Cinéma.

Bickerton and places
Bickerton can refer to the following places:

Bickerton and first
They include those dedicated to Beau Nash, Admiral Arthur Phillip ( first Governor of the colony of New South Wales, which became part of Australia after federation in 1901 ), James Montague ( Bishop of Bath and Wells ), Lady Waller ( wife of William Waller, a Roundhead military leader in the English Civil War ), Elizabeth Grieve ( wife of James Grieve, physician to Elizabeth, Empress of Russia ), Sir William Baker, John Sibthorp, Richard Hussey Bickerton, William Hoare, Richard Bickerton and US Senator William Bingham.
The first settlement in what is today St. John was made in 1875 when William Bickerton of the Church of Jesus Christ founded a religious colony named Zion Valley.
A graduate of the University of Cambridge, England in 1949, Derek Bickerton entered academic life in the 1960s, first as a lecturer in English Literature at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, and then, after a year's postgraduate work in linguistics at the University of Leeds, as Senior Lecturer in Linguistics at the University of Guyana ( 1967 – 71 ).
Mawson had determined to take a Vicker's REP monoplane to undertake survey work and Bickerton was appointed as mechanical engineer with responsibility for the maintenance of this, the first powered aircraft in Antarctica.
Over the next eleven months, Bickerton spent the majority of his time working on the conversion of the wrecked monoplane and on the erection of the two huge wireless masts intended to enable, for the first time in the history of Antarctic exploration, direct communication between an Antarctic base-camp and civilisation.
For his services to Antarctic exploration, including his work on the continent's first propeller-driven sledge, his important contribution to establishing the first wireless link with Antarctica and his discovery of the first Antarctic meteorite, Bickerton was awarded the King's Polar Medal in silver and Mawson chose to name Cape Bickerton ( 6620S, 13656E, five miles ( 8 km ) ENE of Gravenoire Rock ) in his honour.
Throughout July 1916, 10 Squadron supported ground troops during the Battle of the Somme and on 31 July, Bickerton received his first wound of the war, a piece of shrapnel piercing his flying jacket and wounding him in the shoulder.
It was also during this period ( 3 September ) that Bickerton became one of the first men to use the Sopwith Camel as a night-fighter.

Bickerton and such
The Rubettes went on to have a number of other hits across Europe during the mid-1970s, such as " Tonight ", " Juke Box Jive " and " I Can Do It " sung by Alan Williams, mostly written by the Bickerton – Waddington songwriting team.

Bickerton and proto-language
The term proto-language, as defined by linguist Derek Bickerton, is a primitive form of communication lacking:

Bickerton and with
Together with Bickerton Island and a few smaller satellite islands, Groote Eylandt forms Anindiyakwa Ward of East Arnhem Shire.
" The distinction Bickerton draws between these categories is one of displacement, with the indexical signs of animal communication systems having no capacity for displacement, and the symbolic signs of human language requiring it.
* Lingua ex Machina: Reconciling Darwin and Chomsky with the Human Brain ( with Derek Bickerton ) ( Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000.
Bickerton argues that the advent of linguistic displacement was perhaps the most important event in the evolution of human language, and that Ravens are the only other vertebrate to share this with humans.
To answer questions about creole formation, in the late 1970s Bickerton proposed an experiment that involves marooning on an island six couples speaking six different languages, along with children too young to have acquired their parents ’ languages.
Treasure-hunter, Antarctic explorer, soldier, aeronaut, entrepreneur, big-game hunter and movie-maker, Francis Howard Bickerton not only made a major contribution to the Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 1911 – 14 but was also recruited for Sir Ernest Shackleton's " Endurance " Expedition ; he fought with the infantry, the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Air Force in both world wars and was wounded on no fewer than four separate occasions.
There is no record of Bickerton ever having formally graduated, but around 1910 he went to work in one of the iron foundries in Bedford and, while resident in that town, he met and became friends with the Antarctic explorer Aeneas Mackintosh ( a veteran of Shackleton's Nimrod expedition ).
Bickerton and his companions began their trek on 3 December 1912, with Bickerton piloting the heavily-laden air-tractor and Whetter and Hodgeman proceeding on foot.
On 11 September 1914, Bickerton enlisted with the 16th ( Public Schools ) Battalion of the Middlesex Regiment.
In May 1916, Bickerton volunteered to serve as an aerial gunner and observer with the Royal Flying Corps.
With flying made impossible by low cloud cover, Bickerton and other officers experimented with a home-made anti-aircraft gun.
The resulting smash destroyed the aeroplane and left Bickerton with concussion and broken fingers.
During the late 1920s, Bickerton regularly travelled between Newfoundland and England, combining the lives of a Canadian backwoodsman with that of a fashionable party-goer in the London of the Roaring Twenties.
The former fell passionately in love with Bickerton and asked him to become the father of her child ( an honour which Bickerton declined ), while the latter took Bickerton as the model for Leonard Anquetil, the hero of her best novel, The Edwardians ( 1930 ).
It was also during this period that Bickerton commenced what would ultimately become a disastrous love-affair with Marion Hollins's niece, Hope Hollins.
The acrimonious break-up of the affair saw Bickerton quarrel with his business partner and, with the onset of the Wall Street Crash, he eventually fled the US and returned to England, a disillusioned and unhappy man.

Bickerton and earliest
Derek Bickerton has placed to this period the move from simple animal communication systems as they are found in all great apes to the earliest form of symbolic communication systems capable of displacement ( referring to items not currently within sensory perception ), motivated for the need for " recruitment " of group members for scavenging large carcasses.

Bickerton and its
The Sidney Rigdon group dwindled until one of its elders, William Bickerton, reorganized in 1862 under the name The Church of Jesus Christ.
When the aeroplane suffered simultaneous failure in both its engines, forcing Bickerton to attempt a crash-landing.
" The only surviving organization that traces its succession back to Rigdon's organization is The Church of Jesus Christ, founded by a group of Rigdon's followers led by William Bickerton.

Bickerton and adaptation
Back in England, Bickerton took up a role within the British Film Industry, working as screen-writer and film-editor on a range of films, including My Irish Molly with Maureen O ' Hara and a film adaptation of Jack London's Mutiny of the Elsinore with the future Oscar-winner, Paul Lukas.

Bickerton and niche
As niche construction advocate Derek Bickerton writes, " We could construct our niches without having to wait on interminable rounds of feedback between genes and behavior.
Bickerton argues that niche construction by early man allowed this breakthrough from an ACS into language.

Bickerton and scavenging
Using a niche-construction view of human evolution, Bickerton has hypothesized that human ancestors used iconic signs as recruitment signals in the scavenging of dead megafauna.

Bickerton and by
According to Bickerton, the idea of universal grammar is supported by creole languages because certain features are shared by virtually all of these languages.
Some features that distinguish creole languages from noncreoles have been proposed ( by Bickerton, for example ).
The Rubettes were an English pop band assembled in 1973 by the songwriting team of Wayne Bickerton, then the head of A & R at Polydor Records, and his co-songwriter, Tony Waddington, after their doo-wop and 1950s American pop-influenced songs had been rejected by a number of existing acts.
*" The Timeless Marguerite Duras ": an article in the TLS by Emilie Bickerton, 25 July 2007
After the death of Joseph Smith, First Presidencies were reorganized by Brigham Young for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, by Sidney Rigdon for the Rigdonites ( now defunct ), by Joseph Smith III for the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints ( now Community of Christ ), by James J. Strang for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints ( Strangite ), and by William Bickerton for The Church of Jesus Christ, although the latter two organizations have not had a First Presidency for much of their history.
William Bickerton was among those converted by Rigdon's preaching, and was baptized at Pittsburgh in 1845.
Bickerton continued to preach and by May 1851 a branch of the church was organized under Bickerton's leadership in West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania.
The bulk of Sidney Rigdon's church had dissolved by 1847, but some loyalists reorganized as The Church of Jesus Christ under the leadership of William Bickerton in 1862.
Mirrlees Blackstone Limited was formed on June 1, 1969 by the merger of Mirrlees National Limited ( formerly Mirrlees, Bickerton and Day ) and Blackstone & Company Limited.
Mount Misery is connected to Country Harbour Mines via a cable ferry operated by the provincial Department of Transportation and Public Works, providing convenient access to the neighbouring community of Port Bickerton.
Many residents have established their fishing businesses in Port Bickerton due to the geographic advantages provided by that port, however several deep-sea fishing vessels use Country Harbour for transferring their cargo to land-based transport.
Immediately upon his return from Cocos Island, Bickerton volunteered for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition led by Dr Douglas Mawson.
In 1928, Bickerton abandoned his farm in Newfoundland and decided to invest capital in a company founded by the US equestrian and golfing champion, Marion Hollins.

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