Biological weapons ( often termed " bio-weapons " or " bio-agents ") are living organisms or replicating entities ( viruses ) that reproduce or replicate within their host victims.

There is an overlap between biological warfare and chemical warfare, as the use of toxins produced by living organisms is considered under the provisions of both the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention.

* Biological pigment, any colored substance in organisms

Biological evolution explains why faunal succession exists: as different organisms evolve, change and go extinct, they leave behind fossils.

Biological evolution proceeds by random variation in ensemble averages of organisms combined with culling of the less-successful variants and reproduction of the more-successful variants, and macroscale engineering design also proceeds by a process of design evolution from simplicity to complexity as set forth somewhat satirically by John Gall: " A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked.

According to a International Committee of the Red Cross review of the Biological Weapons Convention, " Toxins are poisonous products of organisms ; unlike biological agents, they are inanimate and not capable of reproducing themselves.

Biological research on soil and soil organisms has proven beneficial to organic farming.

Biological hazards, also known as biohazards, refer to biological substances that pose a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans.

The aquarium was built in honor of the work of Edward Ricketts ( 1897-1948 ), a marine biologist who specialized in describing communities of organisms ( which would also be the focus of aquarium tanks ), and whose old laboratory ( Pacific Biological Laboratories ) and home resides next to the present MBA site.

Biological control is a method of controlling pests ( including insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases ) using other living organisms.

* Biological pigments, colored substances in living organisms

* Biological toxicants include bacteria and viruses that can induce disease in living organisms.

* Biological classification of organisms

Biological interactions are the effects organisms in a community have on one another.

Biological databases are an important tool in assisting scientists to understand and explain a host of biological phenomena from the structure of biomolecules and their interaction, to the whole metabolism of organisms and to understanding the evolution of species.

* Biological membrane, a thin layer in living organisms.

Biological evolution gives considerable emphasis to the ability of organisms to adapt to unpredictable change — their survival value.

Biological control involves the introduction of organisms, usually natural competitors of the invasive species, into the invaded environment in order to control the invasive species.

Biological magnification often refers to the process whereby certain substances such as pesticides or heavy metals move up the food chain, work their way into rivers or lakes, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish, which in turn are eaten by large birds, animals or humans.

Biological imperatives are the needs of living organisms required to perpetuate their existence: to survive.

Biological scientists can now manipulate the genetic material of animals and plants, attempting to make organisms more productive or resistant to disease.

Biological thermodynamics may be defined as the quantitative study of the energy transductions that occur in and between living organisms, structures, and cells and of the nature and function of the chemical processes underlying these transductions.

Biological amphoteric molecules such as proteins contain both acidic and basic functional groups.

Biological systems create many and more complex organic acids such as-lactic, citric, and-glucuronic acids that contain hydroxyl or carboxyl groups.

Biological indicators contain spores of a heat-resistant bacterium, Geobacillus stearothermophilus.

The largest continuous area of forest in its known range, the Una Biological Reserve in Bahia, is estimated to contain a population of 185 individuals.

Biological determinism, sometimes called Genetic determinism, is the idea that each of our behaviors, beliefs, and desires are fixed by our genetic nature.

Biological determination ( also biologism ) is the interpretation of humans and human life from a strictly biological point of view, and it is closely related to genetic determinism.

Biological factors such as genetic predisposition and anthropometrics had significantly stronger causal association with carpal tunnel syndrome than occupational / environmental factors such as repetitive hand use and stressful manual work.

The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture ( IT PGRFA ), popularly known as the International Seed Treaty, is a comprehensive international agreement in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, which aims at guaranteeing food security through the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of the world's plant genetic resources for food and agriculture ( PGRFA ), as well as the fair and equitable benefit sharing arising from its use.

The Convention on Biological Diversity ( CBD ) ( 1993 ) brought genetic resources under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of national governments.

* Biological traits, such as genetic material

* Biological enhancements ( breeding, genetic manipulation, or medical treatments ) could in several iterations induce the state of superintelligence or other superhuman traits.

A 2001 study by the Department of Biological Sciences at Stanford University found a possible genetic similarity between 11 Ethiopian Jews and 4 Yemenite Jews who took part in the testing.

He has also collaborated with geneticists in seeking to correlate linguistic with genetic findings ( e. g., Sarah A. Tishkoff, Floyd A. Reed, F. R. Friedlaender, Christopher Ehret, Alessia Ranciaro, et al., “ The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans ,” Science 324, 22 May 2009 ) and in developing mathematical tools for dating linguistic history ( e. g., Andrew Kitchen, Christopher Ehret, Shiferew Assefa, and Connie Mulligan, " Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of Semitic languages identifies an Early Bronze Age origin of Semitic in the Near East ," Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, July 2009 ).

Biological species — as opposed to morphological species — are defined by the capacity to maintain themselves in sympatry as independent genetic entities.

Endy is one of several founders of the Registry of Standard Biological Parts, and invented an abstraction hierarchy for integrated genetic systems.

* Introductory note by Laurence Boisson de Chazournes, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the Convention on Biological Diversity in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law

* Introductory note by Laurence Boisson de Chazournes, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law

Biological material can provide models for many industrial materials and structures.

* Details of Edward Wilson material held at the National Marine Biological Library at the Marine Biological Association in Plymouth: http :// www. mba. ac. uk / NMBL / archives / archives_personal / personal_papers. htm # wilsone

* Biological material ( disambiguation )