Born and generally active in Mantua about 1540 ( Brulliot says 1560 ) and died at Rome in 1623.

Born as Rinaldo di Jenne in Jenne ( now in the Province of Rome ), he was, on his mother's side, a member of the family de ' Conti di Segni, the counts of Segni, like Pope Innocent III and Pope Gregory IX.

Born in Rome in the region of the Via Lata, Valentine was the son of a Roman noble called Leontius.

Born in Rome, Leone was the son of the cinema pioneer Vincenzo Leone ( known as director Roberto Roberti or Leone Roberto Roberti ) and the silent film actress Edvige Valcarenghi ( Bice Waleran ).

Born in Carpineto Romano, near Rome, he was the sixth of the seven sons of Count Ludovico Pecci and his wife Anna Prosperi Buzzi.

Born in Parma, he worked first under Agostino Carracci in Bologna, then Annibale Carracci, in Rome.

Born at Pitigliano, in southern Tuscany, Zuccarelli began his apprenticeship in Rome in c. 1713-14 with the portrait painters Giovanni Maria Morandi ( 1622-1717 ) and his pupil Pietro Nelli ( 1672-1740 ), under whose tutelage he learned the elements of design while absorbing the lessons of Roman classicism.

Born in Ferrara, for 21 years he was professor of astronomy at the University of Bologna, and in 1500 he also lectured in mathematics at Rome.

Born in Versailles, Houdon won the Prix de Rome in 1761 but was not greatly influenced by ancient and Renaissance art in Rome.

Born to a distinguished family in Rome, son of the Defensor Theodore, Nicholas received excellent training.

Born in Rome, he spent his career in the papal court.

Born a Northumbrian noble, he entered religious life as a teenager and studied at Lindisfarne, at Canterbury, in Gaul, and at Rome ; he returned to Northumbria in about 660, and became the abbot of a newly founded monastery at Ripon.

Born in Trieste, Mathilde Bonaparte was raised in Florence and Rome.

Born in Rome to a schoolteacher and a musician, Sordi enrolled in Milan's dramatic arts academy but was kicked out because of his thick Roman accent.

Born in Rome, she worked her way through Rome's Academy of Dramatic Art by singing at night clubs.

Born at Chieti, he was carefully educated by his uncle, Monsignor Celestino Galiani, at Naples and Rome with a view to entering the church.

Born in Dijon, he worked at his father's trade as a stovemaker till the age of sixteen, but received training in drawing from François Devosges, where he learned that a strong, simple contour was an invaluable ingredient in the plastic arts In 1809 he went to Paris from the Dijon school of art, and became a pupil of Pierre Cartellier, obtaining the Grand Prix de Rome in 1812.

Born Attius Clausus, a Sabine ; brought his family and retainers to Rome in 504 BC, and was admitted to the patriciate.

Born in Rome, she was the daughter and heiress of Jean de Vivonne, marquis of Pisani, and Giulia Savelli, who belonged to a noble Roman family.

Born in Castel Gandolfo, near Rome, Pietro Savorgnan di Brazzà was the seventh son of Count Ascanio Savorgnan di Brazzà, a nobleman of Udine with many French connections, and his wife Giacinta Simonetti.

Born in Venice, he worked in Treviso ( 1503 – 1506 ), in the Marche ( 1506 – 1508 ), in Rome ( 1508 – 1510 ), Bergamo ( 1513 – 1525 ), in Venice ( 1525 – 1549 ), Ancona ( 1549 ) and finally as a Franciscan lay brother in Loreto ( 1549 – 1556 ).

Born in Benediktbeuern, he moved to Rome in 1711 to study at the Accademia di San Luca with Carlo Maratta.

Born Joseph Aloysius Dwan in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dwan moved with his family to the United States when he was 11 years old.

Born in Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, Rhône, Carrel was raised in a devout Catholic family and was educated by Jesuits, though he no longer practiced his religion when he entered the university.

Born into an old, wealthy equestrian branch of the Plebeian Octavii family, Augustus was adopted posthumously by his maternal great-uncle Gaius Julius Caesar in 44 BC following Caesar's assassination.

Born to a wealthy family in Paris, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier inherited a large fortune at the age of five with the passing of his mother.

Born from a noble family of the province of Soule, his father Michel was born in Arrast-Larrebieu and his mother was Irish.

Born in Riga in Livonia, then part of the Russian Empire, the Jewish German-speaking Nimzowitsch came from a wealthy family, where he learned chess from his father, who was a merchant.

Born into a privileged Unitarian family, Potter, along with her younger brother, Walter Bertram ( 1872 – 1918 ), grew up with few friends outside her large extended family.

Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.

Born to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia, Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become cavalry commander to the Emperor Carus.

Born into a working-class family, from an early age Ortega developed a hatred of the ruling President Anastasio Somoza Debayle, who was widely recognized as a dictator, and became involved in the underground movement to oppose Somoza's regime.

Born into a family of relatively low status, his parents sent him to be educated by the monks of Fulda-one of the most impressive centres of learning in the Frank lands-perhaps due to his small stature ( Einhard referred to himself as a " tiny manlet ") which restricted his riding and sword-fighting ability, Einhard concentrated his energies towards scholarship and especially to the mastering of Latin.

Born into a family of tradesmen, the Imam's family were of Persian origin.

Born into a very wealthy landowning family in the north of Mexico, he was the proto-type of the respectable upper-class politician ; a background which supplied the centre around which opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz could coalesce.

Born in Innsbruck, he was the son of Duke Ernest the Iron of the Leopoldinian line of the Habsburg family, the ruler of Inner Austria, i. e. the duchies of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, and of Ernest's wife Cymburgis of Masovia.

Born into an upper-middle-class family in Blundellsands, Lancashire, Gardner spent much of his childhood abroad in Madeira.

Born into a middle-class family in Etterbeek, Brussels, he took a keen interest in Scouting in early life, something that would prove highly influential on his later work.

Born in Berlin, Germany to Jewish parents, he escaped Nazi Germany in January 1936, emigrating with his family to the United States.

Born into a large family in Dudley, England, Whale early discovered his artistic talent and studied art.

Born Georg Henri Anton Ivens into a wealthy family, Ivens went to work in one of his father's photo supply shops and from there developed an interest in film.

Born in Burslem, Staffordshire, England, the twelfth and last child of Thomas Wedgwood and Margret Wedgwood ( née Stringer ; d. 1766 ), Josiah was raised within a family of English Dissenters.

Born in Southampton into a seafaring family, Jellicoe joined the Royal Navy as a cadet in 1872 and was posted to HMS Britannia.

Born into a wealthy middle-class family in Trier ( formerly in Prussian Rhineland, now called Rhineland-Palatinate ), Marx studied at both the University of Bonn and the University of Berlin, where he became interested in the philosophical ideas of the Young Hegelians.

Born in Berlin, Germany, on 22 June 1910, he moved with his family in 1912 to Braunsberg, East Prussia, where his father was a postal clerk.