There were four kinds of allegiances ( Rittson v Stordy ( 1855 ) 3 Sm & G 230 ; De Geer v Stone ( 1882 ) 22 Ch D 243 ; Isaacson v Durant ( 1886 ) 54 LT 684 ; Gibson, Gavin v Gibson 3 KB 379 ; Joyce v DPP AC 347 ; Collingwood v Pace ( 1661 ) O Bridg 410 ; Lane v Bennett ( 1836 ) 1 M & W 70 ; Lyons Corp v East India Co ( 1836 ) 1 Moo PCC 175 ; Birtwhistle v Vardill ( 1840 ) 7 Cl & Fin 895 ; R v Lopez, R v Sattler ( 1858 ) Dears & B 525 ; Ex p Brown ( 1864 ) 5 B & S 280 );

The other three were Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Mass., Inc., 366 U. S. 617 ( 1961 ); Braunfeld v. Brown, 366 U. S. 599 ( 1961 ); Two Guys from Harrison vs. McGinley, 366 U. S. 582 ( 1961 ).

The day after the U. S. Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education, that segregated schools were unconstitutional, Eisenhower told District of Columbia officials to make Washington a model for the rest of the country in integrating black and white public school children.

In American law, particularly after Brown v. Board of Education ( 1954 ), the difference between de facto segregation ( segregation that existed because of the voluntary associations and neighborhoods ) and de jure segregation ( segregation that existed because of local laws that mandated the segregation ), became important distinctions for court-mandated remedial purposes.

In 1954 the work of Kenneth Clark and his wife on the effects of segregation on black and white children was influential in the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education.

* Virginia v. John Brown, trial of the abolitionist

In 1954, the Supreme Court decided Brown v. Board of Education, which ruled that segregated schools violate the Constitution.

* 1954 – The United States Supreme Court hands down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.

* The Southern Manifesto ( 1956 ), opposing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education

In United States v. Brown, the court defined material statements as those with " a natural tendency to influence, or is capable of influencing, the decision of the decision-making body to be addressed ," such as a jury or grand jury.

In another recent case of Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S. A. v. Brown Justice Ginsberg held that for the exercise of general jurisdiction in personam, the defendant must be ' essentially at home '.

Along with Myrdal's An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy ( 1944 ), The Race Question influenced the 1954 U. S. Supreme Court desegregation decision in " Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ".

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas in 1954 outlawed segregation in public schools.

In 1954, the US Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that public school segregation was unconstitutional.

On a bitterly cold day in January, 1895, accompanied only by Neal Brown as his deputy, Tilghman left the township of Guthrie and headed for Rock Fort and Dunn's ranch.

Leisurely he climbed on to the wagon next to Neal Brown.

Mando, pleading her cause, must have said that Dr. Brown was the most distinguished physician in the United States of America, for our man poured out his symptoms and drew a madly waving line indicating the irregularity of his pulse.

It was not until we had returned to the city to live, while I was still at Brown and Sharpe's, that I felt the full impact of evangelical Christianity.

In the preamble to the open-meeting statutes, collectively known as the Brown Act, the Legislature declares that `` the public commissions, boards and councils and other public agencies in this state exist to aid in the conduct of the people's business.

Since 1953 California has led the nation in enacting guarantees that public business shall be publicly conducted, but not until this year did the lawmakers in Sacramento plug the remaining loopholes in the Brown Act.

Moreover, the entire state Democratic hierarchy, from Gov. Brown on down to the county chairmen, also participates in this huge operation.

There is evidence that it will be happily received by Gov. Brown and the other constitutional incumbents.

After all, when one has asked whatever became of old Joe and Charlie when one has inquired who it was Sue Brown married and where it is they now live when questions are asked and answered about families and children, and old professors when the game and its probable outcome has been exhausted that does it.

Wildcat and The Unsinkable Molly Brown were originals, but pretty bad, leaving top honors again to an import -- the jaunty and charmingly French Irma La Douce.

Brown eyes, eyebrow mustache.

Additional promotional activities included organizing the dedication program for Operation Turnkey, the new automated post office, and a conference with representatives of Brown University, Providence College, and University of Rhode Island, and eight electronics concerns regarding the inauguration of a training program for electronics personnel.

Dr. James Brown Fisk, physicist, President of the Bell Telephone Laboratories, was elected to the Board of Trustees.

When the Brown & Sharpe Manufacturing Company reached its 125th year as a going industrial concern during 1958, it became an almost unique institution in the mechanical world.

With its history standing astride all but the very beginnings of the industrial revolution, Brown & Sharpe has become over the years a singular monument to the mechanical foresight of its founder, Joseph R. Brown, and a world-renowned synonym for precision and progress in metalworking technology.

Joseph R. Brown grew up in the bustle and enterprise of New England between 1810 and 1830.

He was early exposed to the mechanical world, and in his youth often helped his father, David Brown, master clock and watchmaker, as he plied his trade.

This enterprise led to a father-and-son combination beginning in 1833, under the name D. Brown & Son, a business which eventually grew into the modern corporation we now call Brown & Sharpe.

In 1838, a devastating fire gutted their small shop and soon thereafter David Brown moved west to Illinois, settling on a land grant in his declining years.

Joseph Brown continued in business by himself, quickly rebuilding the establishment which had been lost in the fire and beginning those first steps which were to establish him as a pioneer in raising the standards of accuracy of machine shop practice throughout the world.

But his business also grew, and we are told that Mr. Brown found it increasingly difficult to devote as much time to his creative thinking as his inclinations led him to desire.

It must have been with some pleasure and relief that on September 12, 1848, Joseph Brown made the momentous entry in his job book, in his characteristically cryptic style, `` Lucian Sharpe came to work for me this day as an apprentice ''.

the company became `` J. R. Brown & Sharpe '', and entered into a new and important period of its development.

In speaking of the Brown vs. Board of Education ruling, he said, in 1958:

This clause was the basis for Brown v. Board of Education ( 1954 ), the Supreme Court decision which precipitated the dismantling of racial segregation in United States education.

United States courts of appeals | U. S. circuit judges Robert Katzmann, Damon Keith, and Sonia Sotomayor at a 2004 exhibit on the Fourteenth Amendment, Thurgood Marshall, and Brown v. Board of Education.

The Court held to the " separate but equal " doctrine for more than fifty years, despite numerous cases in which the Court itself had found that the segregated facilities provided by the states were almost never equal, until Brown v. Board of Education ( 1954 ) reached the Court.

* 1954: Brown v. Board of Education

It held that segregation in public schools violates equal protection ( Brown v. Board of Education, Bolling v. Sharpe and Green v. County School Bd.

This case, filed by Richmond natives Spottswood Robinson and Oliver Hill, was decided in 1954 with Brown v. Board of Education, which rejected the segregationist doctrine of " separate but equal ".

** 96 U. S. Congressmen sign the Southern Manifesto, a protest against the 1954 Supreme Court ruling ( Brown v. Board of Education ) that desegregated public education.

** Brown v. Board of Education ( 347 US 483 1954 ): The United States Supreme Court rules that segregated schools are unconstitutional.

He wrote the first version of the Southern Manifesto, announcing southern disagreement with and resistance to implementation of school desegregation following the US Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education.

This had followed continued Southern resistance to desegregation following the 1954 US Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional.

* Eugene Fram & Vicki Brown, How Using the Corporate Model Makes a Nonprofit Board More Effective & Efficient-Third Edition ( 2011 ), Amazon Books, Create Space Books.

Its crowning achievement was its legal victory in the Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education ( 1954 ) that rejected separate white and colored school systems and by implication overturned the " separate but equal " doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson.

This became one of the five cases that made up what is known today as Brown v. Board of Education.

On May 17, 1954, the U. S. Supreme Court handed down its decision regarding the case called Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, in which the plaintiffs charged that the education of black children in separate public schools from their white counterparts was unconstitutional.