Politics of Bulgaria take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system.

Review of Beyond the Frontier: the Politics of a Failed Mission, Bulgaria 1944 by Thompson, E. P. London Review of Books vol.

* Beyond the Frontier: the Politics of a Failed Mission, Bulgaria 1944, Rendlesham: Merlin, 1997.

Category: Politics of Bulgaria

* Politics of Bulgaria

Category: Politics of Bulgaria

Category: Politics of Bulgaria

Sachs has received honorary degrees from Connecticut College ; Lehigh University ; Pace University ; the State University of New York ; Cracow University of Economics ; Ursinus College ; Whitman College ; the Mount Sinai School of Medicine ; Ohio Wesleyan University ; the College of the Atlantic ; Southern Methodist University ; Simon Fraser University ; McGill University ; Southern New Hampshire University ; St. John's University ; Iona College ; University of St. Gallen in Switzerland ; the Lingnan College of Hong Kong ; and the University of Economics Varna in Bulgaria.

In 1918 he took on a professorship in Kiev but he was forced to flee Russia in 1920 due to the Russian Revolution, first taking a post in Budapest ( Hungary ) before becoming a professor at the University of Economics at Varna ( Bulgaria ) in 1924.

* Kiril i Metodi Award, Geographical Society, Bulgaria ( 1972 )

* Member of the Internet Society of Bulgaria since May 2001

Hambardzumyan was elected as an honoree or international member of the Academies of Science of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Democratic Republic of Germany, Georgia, Denmark, Italy, Netherland, the USA, France, Sweden, New York Academy of Science, German Academy of Science (“ Leopoldina ”) in Halle ( DRG ), Royal Astronomical Societies of England and Canada, American Astronomical Society, Philosophical Society of Cambridge, as an honoree doctor the Universities of Liege, Australian National, La-Plata Observatory, Paris and Copernicus in Torin.

In 1875 the Protestant denominations united in the Bulgarian Evangelical Philanthropic Society, which later became the Union of Evangelical Churches in Bulgaria.

As Bulgaria was part of the Ottoman Empire, Bulgarian émigrés founded the Bulgarian Literary Society on 26 September 1869, in Brăila, the Kingdom of Romania.

See also Demographics of Bulgaria and Culture of Bulgaria.

** Bulgarian Education and Culture and Slavonic Literature Day ( Bulgaria )

* In Bulgaria it is celebrated on 24 May and is known as the " Bulgarian Education and Culture, and Slavonic Literature Day " ( Bulgarian: Ден на българската просвета и култура и на славянската писменост ), a national holiday celebrating Bulgarian culture and literature as well as the alphabet.

Bulgaria Hall and Hall 1 of the National Palace of Culture regularly hold classical concerts, performed both by foreign orchestras and the Sofia Philharmonic.

On 25 October 2007, Gibb performed at the National Palace of Culture in Sofia, Bulgaria and sang the Bee Gees ' most famous songs.

* The National Palace of Culture opens in Sofia, Bulgaria.

* Research and Identification of Valuable Bells of the Historic and Culture Heritage of Bulgaria and Development of Audio and Video Archive with Advanced Technologies

* Culture of Bulgaria

Every year Kumanovo has a “ Days of comedy ” festival, sponsored by the Macedonian Ministry of Culture, featuring comedies from several Macedonian theatres and also from neighbouring Serbia and Bulgaria.

* National Culture Fund of Bulgaria

2005: The Culture of Thracians and their Neighbours: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Memory of Prof. Mieczyslaw Domaradzki, with a Round Table " Archaeological Map of Bulgaria ", BAR International Series 1350 ;

* National Palace of Culture ( Sofia, Bulgaria )

* National Palace of Culture, a congress centre in Sofia, Bulgaria

* 681 – Bulgaria is founded as a Khanate on the south bank of the Danube after defeating the Byzantine armies of Emperor Constantine IV south of the Danube delta.

This led the government to propose reconstruction of the Armenian Atomic Power Station at Metsamor, which was closed after the 1988 earthquake because of its location in an earthquake-prone area and which had the same safety problems as reactors listed as dangerous in Bulgaria, Russia, and Slovakia.

Unlike the communist parties in most other East European states, the BCP ( changing its name to Bulgarian Socialist Party ) retained majority power after the transition in Bulgaria by winning the first free national elections in June 1990.

Bulgaria was expected to join the Eurozone in 2013 but after the rise of some instability in the zone Bulgaria is withholding its positions towards the Euro, combining together positive and realistic attitudes.

Only several years after its liberation ( 1878 ), Bulgaria became a regional military power and was involved in several major wars – Serbo-Bulgarian War ( 1885 ), First Balkan War ( 1912 – 13 ), Second Balkan War ( 1913 ), First World War ( 1915 – 1918 ) and Second World War ( 1941 – 1944 ), during which the Army gained significant combat experience.

In addition, Serbia's ruler Milan Obrenović IV was annoyed that Serbian opposition leaders like Nikola Pašić, who had escaped persecution after the Timok Rebellion, had found asylum in Bulgaria.

Bulgaria was determined to observe it until the end of the war ; but it hoped for bloodless territorial gains, especially in the lands with a significant Bulgarian population occupied by neighbouring countries after the Second Balkan War and World War I.

In the summer of 1944, after having crushed the Nazi defence around Iaşi and Chişinău, the Soviet Army was approaching the Balkans and Bulgaria.

By 1991 the communist governments of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania, all of which had been imposed after World War II, were brought down as revolution swept Eastern Europe.

It should be noted that after Bulgaria obtained full independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1908, its monarch, who was previously styled " Knyaz ", i. e. Prince, took the traditional title of " Tsar " which in Bulgarian means King and was recognized internationally as such.

– after 988 ), wife of the future Tsar Gavril Radomir of Bulgaria

According to the IOM data, in 2000 – 2004, Kosovo was consistently ranked fourth or fifth among the countries of Southeastern Europe by number of human trafficking victims, after Albania, Moldova, Romania and sometimes Bulgaria.

They were finally released in June 2007, after mediation of French president Nicolas Sarkozy, in exchange for a variety of agreements with the EU, and they were returned to Bulgaria safely.

Three days after the initial incident, Greek troops invaded Bulgaria.

In 824 several Slav tribes in the north-western parts of Bulgaria acknowledged Louis's suzerainity and after he was reluctant to settle the matter peacefully with the Bulgarian ruler Omurtag, in 827 the Bulgarians attacked the Franks in Pannonia and regained their lands.

According to the official Bulgarian sources, in the period between 2000 to 2006 some 30 000 Macedonian citizens applied for Bulgarian citizenship, attracted by the Bulgaria's recent positive development and the opportunity to get European Union passports after Bulgaria joined EU on the beginning of 2007.

Their cultural heritage was acquired and developed in medieval Bulgaria, where after 885 the region of Ohrid became a significant ecclesiastical center with the nomination of the Saint Clement of Ohrid for " first archbishop in Bulgarian language " with residence in this region.

The valley of the river Vardar, which was later to become the central area of the Republic of Macedonia, was ruled by the Ottoman Empire prior to the First Balkan War of 1912, with the exception of the brief period in 1878 when it was liberated from Ottoman rule after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78, becoming part of Bulgaria.

This further angered both Greece and Bulgaria, because of the possible territorial claims of the new states to the Greek and Bulgarian parts of the region of Macedonia received after the Balkan Wars.

* 1941 – World War II: First German military units enter Bulgaria after it joined the Axis Pact.

* 1878 – The Russo-Turkish War ends as Bulgaria regains its independence from Ottoman Empire according to the Treaty of San Stefano ; shortly after Congress of Berlin stripped its status to an autonomous state of the Ottoman Empire.

That same year in 1984, North Korea again drifted towards the Soviet Union after Kim visited Moscow during a grand tour of the USSR ( his first trip to Moscow since 1966 ) as well as Eastern Europe ( he made public visits to East Germany, Czechlosvakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia ).

Still, in the years after the Second World War, there were plans that Bulgaria should join as a 7th republic in communist Yugoslavia, thus uniting all south Slavic-speaking nations into one state.

Southern Dobruja was also lost to Bulgaria shortly after Carol's abdication.