After that moment, although branded " enemy of the people ", Rakovsky was still occasionally allowed to speak in public ( notably, together with Kamenev and Karl Radek, to the Moscow Komsomol ), and continued to criticize Stalin's leadership as " bureaucratic socialism " ( see Bureaucratic collectivism ) and " social fascism ".

* Bureaucratic politics-Looks at the role of the bureaucracy in decision making, and sees decisions as a result of bureaucratic in-fighting, and as having been shaped by various constraints.

* Bureaucratic: set up criteria for automated decisions

Precision, speed, unambiguity, … strict subordination, reduction of friction and of material and personal costs-these are raised to the optimum point in the strictly bureaucratic administration .” Bureaucratic structures have a certain degree of standardization.

* Bureaucratic technocracy, a governmental or organizational system where decision makers are selected through bureaucratic processes on the basis of specialized knowledge and performance, rather than how much political capital they hold.

The Command economy is distinguished from economic planning, and different theories for classifying the socioeconomic system of the Soviet Union exist ; most notably a command economy is associated with Bureaucratic collectivism, State capitalism or State socialism.

Bureaucratic and military growth, constant campaigning, and construction projects increased the state's expenditures and necessitated a comprehensive tax reform.

Bureaucratic affairs were completed during Diocletian's stay: a census took place, and Alexandria, in punishment for its rebellion, lost the ability to mint independently.

* MacKenzie, D. W. 2008 " Social Dividends, Bureaucratic Rules, and Entrepreneurial Discretion "

" Bureaucratic procedures are not always transparent and red tape often makes processing unnecessarily long ," reports the U. S. Department of Commerce.

Bureaucratic / corporate organised crime groups are defined by the general rigidity of their internal structures.

* Altheide, David L. & Johnson, John M. Bureaucratic Propaganda.

Bureaucratic kingship was still far in the future when Pictland became Alba, but the support of the church, and the apparent ability of a small number of families to control the kingship for much of the period from the later 7th century onwards, provided a considerable degree of continuity.

* Gaspar da Cruz, a Portuguese Dominican friar, writes about his travels to the Ming Dynasty of China, including the Chinese civil service handbook The Bureaucratic System of the Ming Dynasty, and how the Chinese draw lots to determine which days of the year are most auspicious or most ill-fated to travel upon.

Bureaucratic delays prevented Burnside from receiving the necessary pontoon bridges in time and Lee moved his army to block the crossings.

Bureaucratic sabotage under Article 329 was punishable by hard labor from 15 to 20 years.

* Bureaucratic advocacy: people considered “ experts ” have more chance to succeed at presenting their issues to decision-makers.

* Bureaucratic control is the use of rules, regulations, and formal authority to guide performance.

In 1962, Shachtman published The Bureaucratic Revolution: The Rise of the Stalinist States.

However Cliff himself was insistent that his ideas owed nothing to those of Max Shachtman, or earlier proponents of the theory such as Bruno Rizzi, and made this clear in his Bureaucratic Collectivism-A Critique.

:# Bureaucratic infighting slowed the U. S. response to the genocide in general ;

Bureaucratic wrangling followed, with the Cabinet Secretary making a recommendation to place the service under the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Steven Weinberg and a number of string theorists ( see string landscape ) have used this as evidence for the anthropic principle, which suggests that the cosmological constant is so small because life ( and thus physicists, to make observations ) cannot exist in a universe with a large cosmological constant, but many people find this an unsatisfying explanation.

This review helped the world see that Marcuse was becoming one of the most promising theorists of his generation.

Other propensity theorists ( e. g. Ronald Giere ) do not explicitly define propensities at all, but rather see propensity as defined by the theoretical role it plays in science.

Since the 20th century, the work of physics research has been divided between theorists and experimentalists ( see scientific method ).

For information on specific theorists, see Johannes Tinctoris, Franchinus Gaffurius, Heinrich Glarean, Pietro Aron, Nicola Vicentino, Tomás de Santa María, Gioseffo Zarlino, Vicente Lusitano, Vincenzo Galilei, Giovanni Artusi, Johannes Nucius, and Pietro Cerone.

Modern theorists, however, tend to see this as an unsatisfactory generalisation.

Some theorists see an early Ukrainian stage in language development here ; others term this era Old East Slavic or Old Ruthenian / Rus ' ian.

He argues that the Bilderberg group acts in a manner consistent with a global conspiracy, but does so without the same " degree of nefariousness ", a difference not appreciated by conspiracy theorists, who " tend to see this cabal as outright evil.

As humanity enters the Planetary phase of civilization, some scientists and political theorists see a global hierarchy of institutions replacing the existing system of sovereign nation-states as the primary political community.

However, Schoenberg and other theorists who used his ideas as a point of departure see the theme and variations as having an underlying role in the construction of formal music, calling the process continuing variation, and argue from this idea that the sonata-allegro form is a means of structuring the continuing variation process.

Sometimes Hilbert's statements were not precise enough to specify a particular problem but were suggestive enough so that certain problems of more contemporary origin seem to apply, e. g. most modern number theorists would probably see the 9th problem as referring to the ( conjectural ) Langlands correspondence on representations of the absolute Galois group of a number field.

Most business theorists see a continuum with pure service on one terminal point and pure commodity good on the other terminal point.

Other theorists, however, consider the period from the late 20th century to present to be merely another phase of modernity ; this phase is called " Liquid " modernity by Bauman or " High " modernity by Giddens ( see: Descriptions of postmodernity ).

His contributions were plentiful, including the characterization of binary, regular, and graphic matroids by excluded minors ; the regular-matroid representability theorem ; the theory of chain groups and their matroids ; and the tools he used to prove many of his results, the " Path Theorem " and " Homotopy Theorem " ( see, e. g., ), which are so complex that later theorists have gone to great trouble to eliminate the necessity of using them in proofs.

In the light of later work ( c. 1970 ), ' descent ' is part of the theory of comonads ; here we can see one way in which the Grothendieck school bifurcates in its approach from the ' pure ' category theorists, a theme that is important for the understanding of how the topos concept was later treated.

Campbell used the work of early 20th century theorists to develop his model of the hero ( see also structuralism ), including Freud ( particularly the Oedipus complex ), Carl Jung ( archetypal figures and the collective unconscious ), and Arnold Van Gennep ( the three stages of The Rites of Passage, translated by Campbell into Departure, Separation, and Return ).

Hence, while Berkeley holds that objects are merely bundles of sensations ( see bundle theory ), Kant holds ( unlike other bundle theorists ) that objects do not cease to exist when they are no longer perceived by some merely human subject or mind.

Family — Much like functionalists, New Right theorists see the family as the cornerstone of society.

One can therefore draw a distinction between reader-response theorists who see the individual reader driving the whole experience and others who think of literary experience as largely text-driven and uniform ( with individual variations that can be ignored ).

Some theorists see development efforts as fundamentally neo-colonial, in which a wealthier nation forces its industrial and economic structure on a poorer nation, which will then become a consumer of the developed nation's goods and services.

Educational theorists like Sidney Hook and John Dewey ( see pragmatism ) disagreed with the premise that there was crossover in education ( e. g. that a study of philosophy, formal logic, or rhetoric could be of use in medicine or economics ).

A parallel development of a theory of popular sovereignty can be found among the School of Salamanca ( see e. g. Francisco de Vitoria ( 1483 – 1546 ) or Francisco Suarez ( 1548 – 1617 )), who ( like the theorists of the divine right of kings and Locke ) saw sovereignty as emanating originally from God, but ( unlike divine right theorists and in agreement with Locke ) passing from God to all people equally, not only to monarchs.

Behavioral theorists often see threatening behaviours as a consequence of being threatened by others, including parents, authority figures, playmates and siblings.

Sir Patrick Geddes ( 2 October 1854 – 17 April 1932 ) was a Scottish biologist, sociologist, geographer, philanthropist and pioneering town planner ( see List of urban theorists ).