His cataloguing of 3222 stars was refined in 1807 by Friedrich Bessel, the father of modern astrometry.

In mathematics, Bessel functions, first defined by the mathematician Daniel Bernoulli and generalized by Friedrich Bessel, are canonical solutions y ( x ) of Bessel's differential equation:

However, several of his students became influential mathematicians, among them Richard Dedekind, Bernhard Riemann, and Friedrich Bessel.

61 Cygni is significant because Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel determined its parallax in 1838, the first star to have a known parallax.

# REDIRECT Friedrich Bessel

Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel ( 22 July 1784 – 17 March 1846 ) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and systematizer of the Bessel functions ( which were discovered by Daniel Bernoulli ).

* John Frederick William Herschel, A brief notice of the life, researches, and discoveries of Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, London: Barclay, 1847 ( on-line )

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The internationally known sportsman and traveler Friedrich Gerstacker was typical of its detractors in the mid-thirties.

Friedrich Nietzsche argued that a fusion of the two was most desirable.

The name was later popularized by Friedrich Müller in his Grundriss der Sprachwissenschaft ( Wien 1876-88 ).

Benzene, C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 6 </ sub >, is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon and was recognized as the first aromatic hydrocarbon, with the nature of its bonding first being recognized by Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz in the 19th century.

As late as the 1840s, and despite Friedrich Wöhler's synthesis of urea in 1828, some chemists still believed in the doctrine of vitalism, according to which a special life-force was necessary to create organic compounds.

Armida was translated into German and widely performed, especially in the northern German states, where it helped to establish Salieri's reputation as an important and innovative modern composer It would also be the first opera to receive a serious preparation in a piano and vocal reduction by Carl Friedrich Cramer in 1783.

His last opera was a German language singspiel Die Neger, ( The Negroes ), a melodrama set in colonial Virginia with a text by Georg Friedrich Treitschke ( the author of the libretto for Beethoven's Fidelio ) performed in 1804 and was a complete failure.

While Italian by birth, Salieri had lived in imperial Vienna for almost 60 years and was regarded by such people as the music critic Friedrich Rochlitz as a German composer.

In 1872, the firm was taken over by Friedrich Schreiber, and in 1876 it merged with the firm of August Cranz, who bought the company in 1879 and ran it under his name.

An orchestration was therefore commissioned in secret from Friedrich Cerha and premièred in Paris ( under Pierre Boulez ) only in 1979, soon after Helene Berg's own death.

" They approached a notable Lutheran pastor, Friedrich Rittelmeyer, who was already working with Steiner's ideas, to join their efforts.

The Arrhenius definition of acid – base reactions is a development of the hydrogen theory of acids, devised by Svante Arrhenius, which was used to provide a modern definition of acids and bases that followed from his work with Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald in establishing the presence of ions in aqueous solution in 1884, and led to Arrhenius receiving the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1903 for " recognition of the extraordinary services ... rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation ".

* In the late 16th century, the physician to margrave Georg Friedrich was the famous botanist, Leonhart Fuchs.

Itten was heavily influenced in his teaching by the ideas of Franz Cižek and Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel.

It was based on an earlier code developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber in 1834.

Cadmium ( Latin cadmia, Greek καδμεία meaning " calamine ", a cadmium-bearing mixture of minerals, which was named after the Greek mythological character, Κάδμος Cadmus, the founder of Thebes ) was discovered simultaneously in 1817 by Friedrich Stromeyer and Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann, both in Germany, as an impurity in zinc carbonate.

Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (;, ) ( 30 April 177723 February 1855 ) was a German mathematician and physical scientist who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, electrostatics, astronomy and optics.

Carl Friedrich Gauss was born on 30 April 1777 in Braunschweig ( Brunswick ), in the Duchy of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel, now part of Lower Saxony, Germany, as the son of poor working-class parents.

Lobegott Friedrich Constantin ( von ) Tischendorf ( January 18, 1815 – December 7, 1874 ) was a noted German Biblical scholar.

This separation was ended however by the synthesis of urea from inorganic precursors by Friedrich Wöhler in 1828.

Carl Friedrich Michael Meinhof ( July 23, 1857 – February 11, 1944 ) was a German linguist and one of the first linguists to study African languages.

There was a revival of interest in classical liberalism in the 20th century led by Friedrich Hayek and Milton Friedman.