* Count Alphonse I of Toulouse ( d. 1148 )

When Alphonse died in the Holy Land in 1148, the county of Toulouse passed to his son Raymond, at the time 14 years old.

The four sisters were close ; Hodierna may have asked Melisende to arrange for the assassination of Alphonse I of Toulouse, son of Raymond IV of Toulouse, in 1148, when Alphonse came to claim the County of Tripoli.

The Second Crusade in 1148 had failed to conquer Damascus, which soon fell to Zengi's son Nur ad-Din.

* Confronted with important financial difficulty due to the expenses of its Spanish crusade, the Republic of Genoa has to sell the city of Tortosa to the count of Barcelona, which had been conquered in 1148 during that same crusade.

Nur ad-Din had taken control of Damascus in 1154, six years after the disastrous siege of Damascus by the Second Crusade in 1148.

By 1148 Manuel had seen the wisdom of securing an alliance with Conrad, whose sister-in-law Bertha of Sulzbach he had earlier married ; he actually persuaded the German king to renew their alliance against Roger II of Sicily.

Roger had a nephew Alexander ( d. 1148 ), who became bishop of Lincoln in 1123.

To this end, in 1148 the Junior Dukes organized a meeting in Kruszwica, to which they invited the warlike Margrave Albert the Bear of the German Northern March ( the later Margraviate of Brandenburg ), who had reached the Polish border in the course of the Wendish Crusade.

According to a bibliography published in 1950, Heckscher had as of the previous year published 1148 books and articles, among which may be mentioned his study of Mercantilism, translated into several languages, and a monumental Economic history of Sweden in several volumes.

The Zirid dynasty had its residence here in the 11th century, but was brought to an end by the Norman conquest of the city in 1148.

Banias, which had been given to Baldwin II by the Assassins in 1128, was inherited by Toron around 1148 when Humphrey II married the daughter of Renier Brus, lord of Banias and Assebebe.

Conan who had become Earl of Richmond in 1148 was Henry II's perfect candidate to become the new Duke of Brittany as any Duke with possessions of importance in England could be easier to control.

He returned in 1148 and excommunicated Arnold of Brescia, a political theorist who had joined the commune and who was by then its intellectual leader.

Eventually he had a chain of twenty-six convents, monasteries and missions ; in 1148 he approached the Cistercians for help.

William of Blois had married Isabel de Warenne, 4th Countess of Surrey in her own right, in 1148.

This crusade was led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany, but by 1148 it had ended in disaster, and Edessa was never recovered.

Louis VII and his army finally reached the Holy Land in 1148.

In 1148 the crusade finally arrived in Jerusalem, led by Louis VII of France, his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Conrad III of Germany.

They were weakened by the invasion of the Banu Hilal tribes in the second half of the 11th century and finally destroyed by Sicilian Normans in 1148.

The fall of Edessa shocked Europe, and a Second Crusade arrived in 1148.

In 1148, the Second Crusade arrived in Syria, led by Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany.

In response to the fall of Edessa, the Second Crusade arrived in Jerusalem in 1148.

It was between November 1147 and February 1148 at the synod in Trier that Pope Eugenus heard about Hildegard ’ s writings.

Hildegard communicated with popes such as Eugene III and Anastasius IV, statesmen such as Abbot Suger, German emperors such as Frederick I Barbarossa, and other notable figures such as Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who advanced her work, at the behest of her abbot, Kuno, at the Synod of Trier in 1147 and 1148.

* Fiasco at Damascus 1148 from the Internet Medieval Sourcebook

On the journey, Amadeus fell ill on Cyprus, and died at Nicosia in April 1148.

The two abbots that rule during Cadfael's time at the Abbey of St Peter and St Paul, Abbot Heribert ( 1127 – 1138 ) and Abbot Radulfus ( 1138 – 1148 ), are both real historical figures.

Although to first documentary reference to a castle at Framlingham occurs in 1148, the actual date of its construction is uncertain and three possible options have been suggested by academics.

Baldwin held a council at Acre in 1148 to decide on a target ; control of Aleppo in the north would allow the crusaders to restore Edessa to Christian control, but capturing Damascus in the south would limit the power of the Zengids and add to Jerusalem's power and influence.

The disorders were at their peak between 1142 and 1148, but her cause was never able to secure enough support to enable her to be crowned.

Relations at this time between Theobald and Stephen seem to have been good, but when Eugene summoned the English bishops to the Council of Rheims in April 1148 the king forbade all of them to attend except for three he nominated: Chichester, Hereford and Norwich.

Theobald obtained a vague confirmation of his see's primacy from Celestine II in 1143 – 1144, but at the Council of Reims in 1148 Eugene clarified that this primacy did not affect the claims of York to be independent of Canterbury.

In 1148 he resided at the Abbey of Moutiers-la-Celle in the diocese of Troyes, with his friend Peter of Celle.

In 1148 he was present at the Council of Reims, presided over by Pope Eugene III, and was probably presented by Bernard of Clairvaux to Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, under whose sponsorship he returned to England about 1153, having spent some time in Rome as secretary to the English pope Adrian IV, Nicholas Breakspear.

William was present as a witness when three charters were issued by Stephen at Lewes dated to the years 1148 – 53, therefore it appears that he remained loyal to the king until the Treaty of Wallingford ended the hostilities.

He led the crossing of the Maeander River in Anatolia and fought at the Battla of Attalya in 1148, and after arriving in the crusader Kingdom he participated in the Council of Acre, where the ill-fated decision to attack Damascus was made.

He carried a letter of recommendation from Bernard of Clairvaux addressed to Manuel I Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor ; he is listed among the notables present at the assembly held by Baldwin III of Jerusalem at Acre on 24 June 1148.

They marched across southwest Turkey and fought an unsuccessful battle at Laodicea on the border between Byzantine Empire and Seljuks of Rum ( 3-4 January 1148 ).

While the magnificent 1923 catalog was typical of its day at 1148 pages, subsequent editions were ever smaller.

William was formally deposed as archbishop by Eugenius in early 1147 and the deposition was confirmed at the Council of Reims on 21 March 1148.

In 1148, upon the arrival of the Second Crusade, Philip participated in the council held at Acre, where he and the other native barons were overruled and the ill-fated decision to attack Damascus was made.

William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey ( 1119 – 1148 ) spent little of his time at Sandal, having taken crusading vows and joined the Second Crusade.

It was at Romsey that she became a nun sometime between 1148 and 1155.