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But this margin requirement was reduced four times before 1960, each time stimulating a mini-rally and boosting volume, and when the Federal Reserve reduced the margin requirements from 90 % to 70 %.
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margin and requirement
The margin requirement establishes a minimum ratio of the value of the securities to the amount borrowed.
This requirement of being " cost effective at the margin " was first formulated by Paul Nitze in November 1985.
It is important to note that this requirement is only for day traders using a margin account.
While the notional amount or reference amount may be a large number, the cost or margin requirement to command or open such a contract is considerably less than that amount, which refers to the leverage created, which is typical in derivative contracts.
as a measure of requirement verification: Many agencies such as NASA and AIAA define the margin of safety including the design factor, in other words, the margin of safety is calculated after applying the design factor.
If the margin is less than 0 in this definition, although the part will not necessarily fail, the design requirement has not been met.
Controversially, the European Court of Justice has repeatedly said that it is within a member state's margin of discretion to say being male is a genuine occupational requirement for work in the military.
For instance, investors can sell short, use a limit order, use a stop-loss order, buy on margin, and invest as much or as little money as they wish ( there is no minimum investment requirement ).
The factor of safety ( also " margin of safety " or " design factor ") is a design requirement for the structure based on the uncertainty in loads, material strength, and consequences of failure.
A typical feature of CFD trading is that profit and loss and margin requirement is calculated constantly in real time and shown to the trader on screen.
margin and was
This project was started at a time when there was a critical need for a high-energy fuel to provide an extra margin of range for high performance aircraft, particularly our heavy bombers.
The First Test at Lord's was convincingly won by Australia, but in the remaining four matches the teams were evenly matched and England fought back to win the Second Test by 2 runs, the smallest victory by a runs margin in Ashes history, and the second-closest such victory in all Tests.
Johnson was surprisingly victorious, albeit with a narrower margin.
In the 2004 competition, the margin between winner Joe Jitsu and runner-up Colin the Vet was 1 %, so both strips were added to the comic.
In 1908, a statewide referendum that proposed moving the California state capital to Berkeley was defeated by a margin of about 33, 000 votes.
The prohibition was officially recognized as unconstitutional in April 2003, allowing Óscar Arias to run for President a second time in the 2006 Costa Rican presidential elections, which he won with approximately a 1 % margin.
The engineering margin that was reserved for manufacturing tolerance has been used for data capacity instead, leaving no tolerance for manufacturing ; for these discs to be truly compliant with the Orange Book standard, the manufacturing process must be perfect.
Eisenhower had a Republican Congress for only his first two years in office ; in the Senate, the Republican majority was by a one vote margin.
Because the margin of victory was so close a third election in the summer of 1840 was held.
In 2004, President Chen Shui-bian was re-elected by a narrow margin following a controversial assassination attempt on him and the Vice President Annette Lu only hours before the election.
After the recount, President Chen was confirmed the winner of the election by a smaller margin ( 25, 563 as opposed to 29, 518 originally ).
By a wide margin, Seth Warner was elected to lead the regiment.
The SPD had mounted a huge comeback, and the CDU / CSU was narrowly defeated ( though both the SPD and CDU / CSU had 38. 5 % of the vote, the SPD was ahead by a small 6, 000 vote margin ).
The Court has defended this on the grounds that the article was intended to apply only to different-sex marriage, and that a wide margin of appreciation must be granted to parties in this area.
Collingwood succumbed first as the Dons powered their way to an 82 point first semi final victory, and a fortnight later it was the turn of the North Melbourne Football Club as Essendon won the preliminary final a good deal more comfortably than the ultimate margin of 17 points suggested.
The bullet had missed his main artery by the barest margin and his voice was barely audible.
The final margin of victory was sufficiently high to permit a " red-green " coalition of the SPD with Alliance ' 90 / The Greens ( Bündnis ' 90 / Die Grünen ), bringing the Greens into a national government for the first time.
The necessary majority of two thirds was missed by a small margin.
Cleveland's margin of victory was, at the time, the largest in a contested New York election, and the Democrats also picked up seats in both houses of the New York State Legislature.
He sought a second term in 1982, but due to a deep recession and concerns that he wasn't paying attention to local matters, he was defeated in a re-election bid by the state Attorney General Jeff Bingaman by a 54 % to 46 % margin.
Ciampi, a former Prime Minister and Minister of the Treasury and, before entering the government, the governor of the Bank of Italy, was elected on the first ballot by a comfortable margin over the required two-thirds of the votes.
This step was part of a strategy to move away from cyclical bulk chemicals and to progress up the value chain in order to become a higher growth, higher margin business.
margin and reduced
The NAR's margin was immediately reduced to 27 seats, with six for the UNC and three for the PNM.
The strict electrical limitations on the bus also reduced any " safety margin " available-negatively influencing reliability.
The optimum bit rate was chosen empirically — the capacity was increased until the failure rate was unacceptable, then reduced to leave a margin.
These pulses can couple in unexpected ways between multiple integrated circuit packages, resulting in reduced noise margin and lower performance.
Some ferns have their sporangia scattered along reduced leaf segments or along ( or just in from ) the margin of the leaf.
The PLP would succeed gaining a second term in July 2003, although by a reduced majority of 52 % margin of the popular vote and 22 seats in a new 36-seat Assembly.
Such side-to-side head motion, combined with the worsening flight visibility during the climb and the reduced stall margin, could have led to spatial disorientation and loss of control.
Despite this, McCauley won again, albeit by a reduced margin.
The match was originally meant to consist of 30 games, but when it became obvious that there were insufficient funds ( Lasker demanded a fee of 1, 000 marks per game played ), the number of games was reduced to ten, making the margin of two points all the more difficult.
If demand increases such that the firm is now operating at 90 % capacity and facing a reduced average total cost of C, then margin will increase to C, D and profit will be P *, D, C, P90 %.
If demand were to decrease so the firm was operating at 60 % capacity, margins would be reduced to E, F and the firm would have to increase prices to maintain their desired margin.
The U. S. Department of Energy publishes DOE G 424. 1-1, " Implementation Guide for Use in Addressing Unreviewed Safety Question Requirements " as a guide for determining how to identify and determine whether a margin of safety will be reduced by a proposed change.
The margin of error can be reduced by using a larger sample, however if a pollster wishes to reduce the margin of error to 1 % they would need a sample of around 10, 000 people.
In December he was offered the chance to implement the reforms when he was reelected, albeit by a reduced margin.
These controversies did not dim Martel's personal electoral prospects, as the voters in Sudbury East returned her to Queen's Park in the 1995 provincial election, electing her over Liberal Paul Menard by a reduced margin.
In a controls sense, the oscillation is the result of reduced phase margin induced by the lag of the pilot's response.
Considering the general Democratic sweep of other offices, he won the election comfortably, but with a greatly reduced margin over previous years.
Pickles's majority was severely reduced, but he retained his seat by a margin of 2, 821 votes ( 6. 5 %) becoming elected with only 38 % of the votes against Martin Bell's 31. 5 %.
The final official count however gave the seat to the incumbent, Reg Boorman of the Labour Party, by a margin of seven votes, although a Judicial Recount reduced this to only one vote.
Lapierre retained his position as Quebec lieutenant for the 2006 election and he was personally re-elected without much difficulty, though with a reduced margin.
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