By 1851 the Eagle Station ranch located along the Carson River served as a trading post and stopover for travelers on the California Trail's Carson Branch which ran through Eagle Valley.

When Montenegro re-established secular dynastic succession by the proclamation of princedom in 1851, it did so in favor of the last Prince-bishop, who changed his style from Vladika i upravitelj Crne Gore i Brde " Vladika ( Bishop ) and Ruler of Montenegro and Brda " to Po Bozjoj milosti knjaz i gospodar Crne Gore i Brde " By the grace of God Prince and Sovereign of Montenegro and Brda ", thus rendering his de facto dynasty ( the Petrović-Njegoš family since 1696 ) a hereditary one.

By some accounts, Woodhull claimed to be the nephew of Caleb Smith Woodhull, mayor of New York City from 1849 to 1851 ; in fact he was a distant cousin.

By 1851, Lingard felt sufficiently confident to publish a new edition of his Four Gospels in his own name.

By 1851 the more numerous Lakota and Cheyenne were established just to the south and east of Crow territory in Montana.

By 1851, at the second National Women's Rights Convention in Worcester, Massachusetts, the issue of women's right to vote had become a central tenet of the women's rights movement.

By January 1851 the parties were able to agree that the action of the opera would be moved from the royal court of France to a duchy of France or Italy, and some of the characters would to be renamed.

" By 1851, there were YMCAs in the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, Australia, Switzerland, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and France.

By 1851 the " Chaumont suite " of early-16th century Late Gothic tapestries with subjects of courntry life emblemmatic of the triumph of Eternity, closely associated with Chaumont and now at the Cleveland Museum of Art, was still hanging in the " Chambre de Catherine de Médicis "; the tapestries had been cut and pieced to fit the room.

By the 19th century, Leicester Square was known as an entertainment venue, with many amusements peculiar to the era, including Wyld's Great Globe, which was built for the Great Exhibition of 1851 and housed a giant scale map of the Earth.

By its Act of February 10, 1851, Stone County was created and was named " in honor of William Stone late of Taney County, Missouri.

By 1851, Terrebonne had 110 plantations with 80 sugar houses.

By 1851, the population of the County of Ottawa was 11, 104, of which 2, 811 lived in Hull Township.

By comparison, Bytown had a population of 7, 760 in 1851.

By 1880 the town had two churches, a common school, a steam-gin, a sawmill, a post office ( actually founded in 1851 ), a telegraph office and its own newspaper weekly, The Plow Boy.

By 1851, the road was completed to Squaw Creek just west of Hainesville and Haineville became the location for one of three toll houses.

By 1851, Eliza and Henry Tevis, a free black couple who owned slaves, operated a farm in the area.

By 1851, the small settlement had only ten residents.

By 1851, the attacks caused the United States to take action to protect its people just to the north of the border, in the Mesilla Valley.

By 1851, however, the iron business had been suspended, and its buildings were converted to the manufacturing of paper.

By working together eight families managed to bring in the first successful crop in 1851 using water brought down from Bingham Creek by what was later called Gardner ’ s Millrace.

By 1851 more families settled in or near Field ’ s Bottom where they dug the " lower ditch " and cleared land for small farms and pastures.

By interfering with popular electoral rights the king and his ministers succeeded in assembling a servile diet in 1851, and this surrendered all the privileges gained since 1848.

After New York, the company toured the east coast of America, with continued success, and later took in Cuba and the southern states of the U. S. By early 1851, Lind had become uncomfortable with Barnum's relentless marketing of the tour, and she invoked a contractual right to sever her ties with him.

By 1838, the Spen Valley, centred around Cleckheaton had at least 11 card clothing factories and by 1893 it was generally accepted as the card cloth capital of the world, though by 2008 only two manufacturers of metallic and flexible card clothing remained in England, Garnett Wire Ltd dating back to 1851 and Joseph Sellers & Son Ltd established in 1840.

By the charter renewal in 1781 it was also the bankers ' bank – keeping enough gold to pay its notes on demand until 26 February 1797 when war had so diminished gold reserves that the government prohibited the Bank from paying out in gold.

By 1900, most of the industrializing nations were on some form of gold standard, with paper notes and silver coins constituting the circulating medium.

By this stage the explorers had passed the southern boundary of the desert, and from then on Henry had one of his wishes fulfilled: the Portuguese had circumvented the Muslim land-based trade routes across the western Sahara Desert, and slaves and gold began arriving in Portugal.

By 1452, the influx of gold permitted the minting of Portugal's first gold cruzado coins.

By 1980 the Krugerrand accounted for 90 % of the global gold coin market.

By irradiating the area of the tumor with an infrared laser, which passes through flesh without heating it, the gold is heated sufficiently to cause death to the cancer cells.

By the 1540s Indians along the coast of Florida, where many of the Spanish treasure ships wrecked, were diving on the wrecks and recovering significant amounts of gold and silver.

By way of example, and following Germany's decision after the Franco-Prussian War ( 1870 – 1871 ) to extract reparations to facilitate a move to the gold standard, Japan gained the needed reserves after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 – 1895.

By 1903 the allegiance of the state government had shifted, however, and Governor James Peabody sent the Colorado National Guard into Cripple Creek with the goal of destroying union power in the gold camps.

By the 1530s, small groups of Portuguese traders and prospectors penetrated the interior regions seeking gold, where they set up garrisons and trading posts at Sena and Tete on the Zambezi River and tried to gain exclusive control over the gold trade.

By AD 1025, Basil II ( with an annual revenue of 7, 000, 000 nomismata ) was able to amass 14, 400, 000 nomismata ( or 200, 000 pounds of gold ) for the Imperial treasury due to his prudent management.

By 630, gold coins were being struck at the Canterbury mint.

By the second half of 1992 Ten had become a breakthrough success, being certified gold and reaching number two on the Billboard charts.

By 1850, most of the easily accessible gold had been collected, and attention turned to extracting gold from more difficult locations.

By the end of the month following its release, the album was certified gold.

By the time hard rock mining was done, the five mines had producing a total of over $ 20 million in gold.

By treating the fingerprint with gold nanoparticles with attached cotinine antibodies, and then subsequently with a fluorescent agent attached to cotinine antibodies, the fingerprint of a smoker becomes fluorescent ; non-smokers ' fingerprints stay dark.

By 1886, after the Alaska Purchase by the United States, the black sand beaches in the area were being mined for gold.

By the late 1850s, however, gold mining was beginning to decline and population dwindled as well.

By 1872, when the gold rush in Elizabethtown had died down, the county seat was moved to Cimarron.