By February 1948, because of massive post-war military cuts, the entire United States army had been reduced to 552, 000 men.

By 1948, after design modifications and experimentation with several prototypes, Morrison and business partner Warren Franscioni began producing the first plastic discs, renamin it the Flyin-Saucer in the wake of reported unidentified-flying-object sightings.

By the end of July 1948 Orwell was able to return to Jura and by December he had finished the manuscript of Nineteen Eighty-Four.

Eric D. Weitz wrote, " By 1948, according to Nicolas Werth, the mortality rate of the 600, 000 people deported from the Caucasus between 1943 and 1944 had reached 25 %.

By the summer of 1947, however, the KSČ's popularity had significantly dwindled, and most observers believed Gottwald would be turned out of office at the elections due for May 1948.

) By the late 1940s, head coach Earle " Greasy " Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949.

By 1948, the restoration appeared aged and it was decided to restore the vase again, but the restorer was only successful in replacing three fragments.

By witnessing currents flowing through point-contacts, similar to what Bardeen and Brattain had accomplished earlier in December 1947, Mataré by June 1948, was able to produce consistent results by using samples of germanium produced by Welker.

By April 1948, the coup group brought back Field Marshal Luang Phibulsongkram, the wartime Prime Minister, to prime ministership once again.

By 1948, Olivier was on the Board of Directors for the Old Vic Theatre ; and he and Leigh embarked on a six-month tour of Australia and New Zealand to raise funds for it.

By 1948, the house was declared to be in imminent danger of collapse, forcing President Truman to commission a reconstruction and move across the street to Blair House from 1949 to 1951.

* The Kon-Tiki Expedition: By Raft Across the South Seas ( Kon-Tiki ekspedisjonen, also known as Kon-Tiki: Across the Pacific in a Raft ), 1948

By the latter part of the decade, Barcelona began to emerge as a force when they were crowned champions in 1945, 1948 and 1949.

By late 1948 part of the Egyptian forces from Bethlehem to Hebron had been cut off from their lines of supply and Glubb Pasha sent 350 Arab Legionnaires and an armoured car unit to Hebron to reinforce them there.

By 1948, the Cold War was clearly in progress and the US began to worry more about a threat from the Eastern Bloc rather than the latent Nazism within occupied Germany.

By August 1948, his brigade was surrounded by the Israeli Army and appeals for help from Jordan's Arab Legion went unheeded.

By late 1948 the CPC eventually captured the northern cities of Shenyang and Changchun and seized control of the Northeast after struggling through numerous set-backs while trying to take the cities, with the decisive Liaoshen Campaign.

By April 1948 the city of Luoyang fell, cutting the KMT army off from Xi ' an.

By 17 April 1948 the situation in Palestine had deteriorated further and the Security Council adopted Resolution 46 ( 1948 ), calling upon all persons and organizations in Palestine to immediately cease all military activities, as well as acts of violence, terrorism and sabotage ; to refrain from any actions endangering the safety of the Holy Places in Palestine and refrain from importing or acquiring or assisting or encouraging the importation or acquisition of weapons and war materials ( arms embargo ).

By late March 1948, the vital road that connected Tel Aviv to western Jerusalem, where about 16 % of all Jews in the Mandatory Palestine lived, was cut off and under siege.

By July 1948 negotiations were in deadlock and the Netherlands pushed unilaterally towards Van Mook ’ s federal Indonesia concept.

* By Firelight ( 1948 ) ( US title: By This Strange Fire )

By nature of the courtyard's position between the two interior volumes, it becomes an integral part of the house's circulation system.

By 1950 the house was open to the public and a series of research and restoration works since undertaken, restoring and reproducing much of the house's former splendour.

By Hawthorne's time, the house had only three gables, but his cousin told him the house's history, and showed him beams and mortises in the attic indicating locations of former gables.

The Getting part of the title then slid off screen to the left, while the By portion slid off to the right, which was followed by animation of the house's multi-paned front window zooming forward from the house and sliding open.

By contrast, a curtain wall provides no significant structural support beyond what is necessary to bear its own materials or conduct such loads to a load-bearing wall.

By turning his entire body to ice, instead of just wearing an icy exterior, Bobby now was capable of using his power in new, aggressive ways, adding spikes and padding to his ice structure.

By 1639 the exterior — which in keeping with the king's wish was reconstructed without major changes — was once again magnificent, but the interior never fully regained its former glory.

By the end of the 1996 model year, exterior chrome or matt moldings were dropped altogether and for model year 1997 Volkswagen de Mexico ( VWdM ) dropped the Sedan's flow-through ventilation system with all its fittings, notably the exterior crescent-shaped vents behind the rear side windows.

By 1960, it was a rough neighborhood of tenement housing, the demolition of which was delayed to allow for exterior shots in the movie musical West Side Story.

* The free design of façade – By separating the exterior of the building from its structural function the façade becomes free.

By contrast to the exterior the interiors are an extravaganza of rococo architecture in its highest form.

By now the equivalent Super model in the UK had seen its specification reduced to the iron head engine, no bumper over-riders, less exterior bright metal detailing and fixed front quarterlights — so the New Zealand version was unique.

By 1800, with the removal of the Luckenbooths ( small shops ) from the High Street, the exterior of St Giles was fully exposed for the first time in centuries and could be seen to be in poor condition and an embarrassment to the city.

By observing the composition of the comet, astronomers hoped to determine how comets form based on the differences between the interior and exterior makeup of the comet.

He is specifically credited with many of the finest inventive effects in Disney's first live-action film, 20, 000 Leagues Under the Sea ( which he art directed-even though the movie credit reads: " Production Developed By ..." Goff designed the exterior of the Nautilus, along with every set / compartment within the submarine ).

By the mid 1990s, the rusting exterior had holes big enough that chain link fences were installed in a number of locations to keep people from crawling though the wall to see events.

By 2009, the exterior of the building had been restored, with all the buttresses removed, etc., but it was left looking like an abandoned, boarded up warehouse.

By the definition of the exterior derivative, if and are arbitrary vector fields then

By definition of and the fact that exterior differentiation d satisfies, one has

By mid-January, cars with no exterior chrome trim apart from the bumpers were being produced.

By the early 1980s, the exterior of the Capitol had noticeably deteriorated.

By looking at the exterior of the African manatee, one would not be able to distinguish it from the American manatee.

* By contrast, the exoplasmic side ( the side on the exterior of the cell ) consists mainly of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, a type of sphingolipid.

By definition, the electromagnetic tensor is the exterior derivative of the differential 1-form:

By the early 2000s, due to growing retail competition from other, newer high-end retail centers in nearby Scottsdale, Arizona, the Biltmore Fashion Park was purchased by Westcor, and underwent a major renovation, with hopes of revitalizing the older, mid-century exterior of the center which some considered dated.

By mid-1986, the tower's exterior was complete and the grand opening for the complex was set for early fall that same year.

By August, a prototype of a single Trabant for the lighting system was completed, with the innards gutted and retrofitted with lighting equipment, and a paint job on the exterior.