By dividing V2 / V1, we get: r

By dividing the Cenozoic Era into three ( arguably two ) periods ( Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary ) instead of 7 epochs, the periods are more closely comparable to the duration of periods in the Mesozoic and Paleozoic eras.

By successively dividing out factors x − a, one sees that any polynomial with complex coefficients can be written as a constant ( its leading coefficient ) times a product of such polynomial factors of degree 1 ; as a consequence the number of ( complex ) roots counted with their multiplicities is exactly equal to the degree of the polynomial.

By dividing Somalia's cities into specific quarters, the private sector has found a manageable method of providing cities with electricity.

By dividing the difference in y-coordinates by the difference in x-coordinates, one can obtain the slope of the line:

By dividing the board into smaller pieces, constructing tours on each piece, and patching the pieces together, one can construct tours on most rectangular boards in polynomial time.

By dividing the illocutionary act into two subparts, Searle is able to explain that we can understand two meanings from the same utterance all the while knowing which is the correct meaning to respond to.

By dividing the total sail area into only two sails, the individual sails of a sloop are larger than those of a similar sized cutter or yawl or ketch.

By dividing reservation lands into privately-owned parcels, legislators hoped to complete the assimilation process by forcing the deterioration of the communal lifestyle of the Native societies and imposing Western-oriented values of strengthening the nuclear family and values of economic dependency strictly within this small household unit.

By dividing chess programs into these two pieces, developers can write only the user interface, or only the engine, without needing to write both parts of the program.

By this point, not only was Licinius the official Augustus of the west, but he also possessed part of the eastern provinces as well, as the Hellespont and the Bosporus became the dividing line, with Licinius taking the European provinces and Daia taking the Asian.

By 1969 ELDO was beginning to realise that dividing work up by country led to not enough overall collaboration, with a disjointed framework of planning.

By dividing Caswell County into two squares – each side measuring approximately twenty ( 20 ) miles in length, the settlers formed two counties of each.

By further dividing the 72-54-54 triangles of the pentaflexagon into 36-54-90 right triangles produces one variation of the 10-sided decaflexagon ().

By timing the delay between the morse signal and the peak / null, then dividing by the known rotational rate of the station, the bearing of the station could be calculated.

By this time, Casella was dividing his time between Los Angeles and Boston.

By tracking the closing stock prices of twelve companies, adding up their stock prices, and dividing by twelve, Dow came up with his average.

* By dividing the lands of the Terra Mariana between the crusading order of Livonian Brothers of the Sword and the Church five principalities were created:

By the end of the third century, Emperor Diocleatian administratively reordered Tarraconesis, dividing it into three separate territories ( Tarraconensis, Carthaginensis and Callaecia ), the latter comprising the northern Portugal, Galizia and Austurias.

By contrast, species of the family Dendrocerotaceae may begin dividing within the spore, becoming multicellular and even photosynthetic before the spore germinates.

A spousal RRSP is a means of splitting income in retirement: By dividing investment properties between both spouses each spouse will receive half the income, and thus the marginal tax rate will be lower than if one spouse earned all of the income.

By the time comic books came of age in the 1940s, the huge volume of work demanded by publishers had encouraged an assembly-line process, dividing the creative process into distinct tasks: writer, penciller, letterer, inker, and colorist.

By dividing each column by its length, it can be seen that the result is equivalent to the special case where each column has length 1, in other words if e < sub > i </ sub > are unit vectors and M is the matrix having the e < sub > i </ sub > as columns then

By counting the number of lines that cross a certain segment of a stream, multiplying this by the contour interval, and dividing that quantity by the length of the stream segment you can determine the stream gradient.

By contrast, the Pohang Basin areas are made up of stratum that formed in the Tertiary period of the Cenozoic era, which consist of igneous rock, aqueous rock, porphyry, sandstone, and tuff.

By the Middle Preclassic Period ( 900-300 BC ), Olmec artistic styles had been adopted as far away as the Valley of Mexico and Costa Rica.

By the Imperial Period, the Romans had adopted the Greek combat sport ( spelled in Latin as pancratium ) into their Games.

By the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period it was called Jiangning ( 江寧 ); in the Southern Song Dynasty the name of Jiankang was revived.

By the Warring States Period, bronze vessels had become objects of aesthetic enjoyment.

By the 3rd century ( during the Three Kingdoms Period ), the Chinese had termed the device as the ' jì lĭ gŭ chē ' ( 記里鼓車 ), or ' li-recording drum carriage ' ( Note: the modern measurement of li = 500 m / 1640 ft ).

By the Spring and Autumn Period ( 770 BC-476 BC ), the territory of today's Hubei was part of the powerful state of Chu.

By the Hellenistic Period, some of the wealthiest Spartans were women.

By the Meiji Period, the practice was adopted amongst commoners as well, and included the modern ritual of visiting a shrine to drive out evil spirits and wish for a long healthy life.

By about 300 million years ago ( Pennsylvanian Period ) Africa was approaching the North American craton.

By the end of the First Intermediate Period, some nomarchs ruled their nomes as minor potentates, such as the nomarch Nehry of Hermopolis, who dated inscriptions by his own regnal year.

By this time it was understood that the palace had been constructed at the beginning of the Proto-Palace Period, along with all the others.

By the early Archaic Period Rhodes and Kos emerged as the major islands in the group, and in the 6th century BC the Dorians founded three major cities on Rhodes ( Lindos, Kameiros and Ialyssos ).

By the end of the Warring States Period, Zhao was the only state strong enough to oppose the powerful Qin state.

By the Sengoku Period, Izumo had lost much of its importance.

By the Sengoku Period, the consolidated Kawachi was the asset of Hatakeyama Tanenaga, but the real power was imbued in the shugodai, a title that passed into the hands of Yusa Naganori: the shugo came to be reduced to a mere figurehead.

By the end of the First Temple Period, Jerusalem was the sole acting religious shrine in the kingdom and a centre of regular pilgrimage ; a fact which archaeologists generally view as being corroborated by the evidence, though there remained a more personal cult involving Asherah figures, which are found spread throughout the land right up to the end of this era.

By the Sengoku Period, other clans fought over Bitchu, and Oda Nobunaga and Mōri Terumoto were fighting in the province when Oda died, leading to a division of the province.

By the Mississippian Period, 340 million years ago, much of western North America was covered with a warm, shallow sea, much like the Gulf Coast of Florida today.

By 200 B. C., the Chinese state had emerged from a loose federation of feudal states of the Warring States Period to the unified empire with patrimonal rule.

By the time of the Warring States Period, generals were appointed based on merit rather than birth, the majority of whom were talented individuals who gradually rose through the ranks.

By the late Warring States Period ( about the late 4th century BC ), however, Chu's prominent status had fallen into decay.

By the middle 1990s, after Grusin and Rosen left the company, GRP used the marketing slogan " Great Records Period.

* “ History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period ” By Jamil M. Abun-Nasr

By the Edo Period, the Shogun was referred to as " Man of Tianxia " and the Shogunate as " Court of Tianxia ".