By prevailing over other claimants for the loyalties of men, the nation-state maintained an adequate measure of certainty and order within its territorial borders.

By ( 1 ), the image of this pencil is a ruled surface of order Af which is met by the plane of the pencil in a curve, C, of order Af.

By strengthening the differentiability assumption, it has been possible to derive second and higher order theories of viscoelasticity.

By analogy, the church also has been regarded as entirely independent of the `` world '' in the sense of requiring nothing from it in order to be the church.

By its inclusion the order has grown enormously in number of species.

" By degrees order was introduced in the groups of huts.

By the theory of minute constituents of things, and his emphasis on mechanical processes in the formation of order, he paved the way for the atomic theory.

By 1957, he set this subject aside in order to work in algebraic geometry and homological algebra.

By tradition, when the Justices are in conference deliberating the outcome of cases before the Court, the justices state their views in order of seniority.

By January 1, 1995, the order of battle of the Belarusian army had changed.

By 16: 00, Alexander and Swiftsure were also in sight, although some distance from the main British fleet, and Brueys gave orders to abandon the plan to remain at anchor and instead for his line to set sails, although Blanquet protested the order on the grounds that there were not enough men aboard the French ships to both sail the ships and man the guns.

By a strange twist, the Benedictines were not a mendicant order, but a stable, monastery-based order, and single-volume breviaries are rare from this early period.

By prescribing recent advances in medicine, the Boston ministers modified the doctrine of theological pathogenesis in an attempt to maintain the old order according to which it was the clergy ’ s duty and privilege to interpret illnesses and their cures.

By the 1880s, Pissarro began to explore new themes and methods of painting in order to break out of what he felt was an artistic “ mire ”.

By his compromises in India with the Christians of St. Thomas, he developed the Jesuit missionary methods along lines that subsequently became a successful blueprint for his order to follow.

By 1943, after Italy faced multiple military failures, complete reliance and subordination of Italy to Germany, and Allied invasion of Italy, and corresponding international humiliation, Mussolini was removed as head of government and arrested by the order of King Victor Emmanuel III who proceeded to dismantle the Fascist state and declared Italy's switching of allegiance to the Allied side.

By the end of the 1990s, 11 fishing farms were registered in Guadeloupe and experiments are under way to catch and market fish in order to respond to growing demand.

By 1671 Fox had recovered and Margaret had been released by order of the King.

By sorting formulas according to the number of atoms of each element present in the formula according to these rules, with differences in earlier elements or numbers being treated as more significant than differences in any later element or number — like sorting text strings into lexicographical order — it is possible to collate chemical formulas into what is known as Hill system order.

By the time of Cicero he had become " the dark " ( Ancient Greek — ) because he had spoken nimis obscurē, " too obscurely ", concerning nature and had done so deliberately in order to be misunderstood.

By the 1226 Golden Bull of Rimini, Frederick had assigned the military order of the Teutonic Knights to complete the conquest and conversion of the Prussian lands.

By 1802 the Separatists had grown in number to about 12, 000 and the Württemberg government decided that they were a dangerous threat to social order.

By the law document, issued by the Russian Government on April 8, 2009 (# 480-r ) on behalf of Russian President's law document of October 7, 2008 (# 1448 ) " On the pilot project launching on creating National Research Universities " the university MEPhI was granted this new status.

By this time Chania was the seat of a bishop.

By 729 Theodosius is believed to have become bishop of Ephesus.

By his unnamed wife, Theodosius III was the father of at least one son, Theodosius ( monastic name ), perhaps the bishop of Ephesus in 729 – after 754.

By the 14th century the county was surrounded on all parts by Burgundy's possessions and John of Burgundy, an illegitimate son of John the Fearless, was made bishop.

By the end of the year he himself had been converted, and Augustine received consecration as a bishop at Arles.

By the 4th century, the bishop of Antioch had become the most senior bishop in a region covering modern-day eastern Turkey, Lebanon, Israel and Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, and Iran.

By 1524, Alonso Manso, bishop of Puerto Rico, had become interested in gaining personal wealth, and he accused Barrionuevo, among others, of various crimes under the Spanish justice system of the time.

By 1516 Afonso I sent various of his children and nobles to Europe to study, including his son Henrique Kinu a Mvemba, who was elevated to the status of bishop in 1518.

By Athanasius ' own account ( Athanasius, Epistola ad Constantinum ), he believed Frumentius the most suitable person for the job and consecrated him as bishop, traditionally in the year 328, or according to others, between 340-346.

By this time more detailed accounts of the importance of the conquest of Hernán Cortés began to be received, and on December 20, 1527, Zumárraga was recommended by Charles V for the post of first bishop of Mexico.

By the time bishop John Henry Hobart, of the Episcopal Diocese of New York, first visited the city of Geneva in 1818, the doors of Geneva Academy had just closed.

By Photius it is stated that Heraclean, bishop of Chalcedon, in his book against the Manichæans, said the Disputation of Archelaus was written by one Hegemonius, an author not otherwise traceable, and of unknown date.

By the Empress's persuasion he was appointed bishop of Piacenza, and he was sent to Constantinople to accompany home a Byzantine princess for the younger Otto.

By definition a bishop is an " overseer " of a community of the faithful, so when a priest is ordained a bishop the tradition of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches is that he be ordained for a specific place.

By the time the Domesday Book was compiled in 1086, William the Conqueror had invested his own bishop ( Lansfranc ) with the Archbishopric of Canterbury and restored the lands of Harrow, appropriated by King Edward, to the Church.

By ( re ) creation of the Bishopric of Olomouc ( 1063 ) and creation of the Vyšehrad chapter ( 1070-richly endowed, independent from the Prague bishop, subjected directly to the Holy See ) and also by his obstinacy in conflict with the Prague bishop Jaromír, Vratislaus ultimately little depressed importance of bishop of Prague in domestic Bohemian politics, enabling thus more unified rule over the country for all following dukes and kings.

By the fourth century, the Christian population grew sufficient to merit a resident bishop.

By keeping these distinctions in view, the right of patronage in the case of parochial benefices becomes intelligible, being in fact the right, which was originally vested in the donor of the temporalities, to present to the bishop a clerk to be admitted, if found fit by the bishop, to the office to which those temporalities are annexed.

By the early constitutions of the Church of England a bishop was allowed a space of two months to inquire and inform himself of the sufficiency of every presentee, but by the ninety-fifth of the canons of 1604 that interval was reduced to twenty-eight days, within which the bishop must admit or reject the clerk.