By the European High Middle Ages, many post-Roman Early Middle Ages petty kingdoms had evolved into principalities, grand duchies, or duchies.

`` By God '', Waddell said, `` we don't want to upset the boy at this time of all times.

By means of charts showing wave-travel times and depths in the ocean at various locations, it is possible to estimate the rate of approach and probable time of arrival at Hawaii of a tsunami getting under way at any spot in the Pacific.

By rough estimate her Committee, headed by Henry Francis Du Pont, contains three times as many Republicans as Democrats.

By working very hard, one may be able to make this part 5 times faster, but this only reduces the time for the whole computation by a little.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

* HBP = times Hit By a Pitch

By having two different temporal positive feedback loops or “ dual-time switches ” allows for ( a ) increased regulation: two switches that have independent changeable activation and deactivation times ; and ( b ) linked feedback loops on multiple timescales can filter noise.

By attempting to predict which branch ( or path ) a conditional instruction will take, the CPU can minimize the number of times that the entire pipeline must wait until a conditional instruction is completed.

By 1700, it had been reprinted 15 times in Italian, and was translated in Dutch, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

By way of contrast, when introduced in 1985, the Amiga had compared favorably against 286-based systems with EGA graphics and rudimentary sound capabilities that frequently cost 2 – 3 times as much.

By contrast, if the same historian had made the same claim five times in five different places ( and no other types of evidence were available ), the claim is much weaker because it originates from a single source.

By the late 1970s the good times were over for both downtown and local businesses and industries.

By the 1st century AD, cattle and horses were used in mills, driving machines similar to those powered by humans in earlier times.

By constructing a calibration curve of the ID of species ' pairs with known divergence times in the fossil record, the data could be used as a molecular clock to estimate the times of divergence of pairs with poorer or unknown fossil records.

By the early monarchy El and Yahweh had become unified and Asherah did not continue as a separate state cult, although she continued to be popular at a community level until Persian times.

By 1970, kickboxing was telecast in Japan on three different channels three times weekly.

By the end of his first season with Liverpool, Dalglish had played 62 times and scored 31 goals, including the winning goal in the 1978 European Cup Final final at Wembley against Bruges.

By the fifth to 4th centuries BC, the island had grown to an estimated population of over 120, 000 ( two to three times the estimated population in 2005 ), and based on the huge necropoli at the main city of Chios, the asty, it is thought the majority lived in that area.

By the time the final single " Wasting Time " was released the album had sold 7 million albums, Devil Without A Cause was certified 11 times platinum by the RIAA on April 17, 2003.

By 1970, the city had a total area of approximately, more than five times its size in 1940.

By the 11 th century these early religious times matured into diplomatic ties.

Keyboard macros have in more recent times come to life as a method of exploiting the economy of massively multiplayer online role-playing game ( MMORPG ) s. By tirelessly performing a boring, repetitive, but low risk action, a player running a macro can earn a large amount of the game's currency or resources.

Likewise, the band ended " I'm Broken " with the outro of " By Demons Be Driven " from the album Vulgar Display of Power.

By a probably euphonic inversion the translator of Irenaeus and the other Latin authors have Abraxas, which is found in the magical papyri, and even, though most sparingly, on engraved stones.

By the 5th century AD, Rome was in decline and the Roman predecessor town of Alicante, known as Lucentum ( Latin ), was more or less under the control of the Visigothic warlord Theudimer.

By 1970, LAFTA expanded to include four more Latin American nations: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

By this time, briefs relied more on facts than on Latin maxims.

By 2005 Colombia had the highest mobile phone density ( 90 percent ) in Latin America, as compared with the region ’ s average density of 70 percent.

By the 1980s, several independent publishers, such as Pacific, Eclipse, First, Comico, and Fantagraphics had started releasing a wide range of styles and formats — from color superhero, detective, and science fiction comic books to black-and-white magazine-format stories of Latin American magical realism.

By AD 100, Etruscan had been replaced by Latin.

By the time William Grindal became her tutor in 1544, Elizabeth could write English, Latin, and Italian.

By the 18th century, the term had gained its now common usage in France, and had begun to be used to refer purely to books of magic, which Owen Davies presumed was because " many of them continued to circulate in Latin manuscripts.

By 400, Rufinius began translating his orations into Latin.

By the end of his life, he could converse in English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Latin, Russian, Arabic, and Turkish as well as German.

By a process of folk etymology, the Romans could have confused the phones of her foreign name with those of the root men-in Latin words such as mens meaning " mind ", perhaps because one of her aspects as goddess pertained to the intellectual.

By her thirteenth birthday she had acquired Greek, Hebrew, Spanish, German, Latin, and was referred to as the " Walking Polyglot ".

By the age of nine, Mary could read and write Latin.

By this time, the Late Egyptian word is reconstructed to have been pronounced whence comes Ancient Greek and then Late Latin.

By the Imperial Period, the Romans had adopted the Greek combat sport ( spelled in Latin as pancratium ) into their Games.

By the end of the 1960s, the idea of the Third World came to represent countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America that were considered underdeveloped by the West based on a variety of characteristics ( low economic development, low life expectancy, high rates of poverty and disease, etc .).

By the 13th century this revision had come to be called the versio vulgata, that is, the " commonly used translation ", and ultimately it became the definitive and officially promulgated Latin version of the Bible in the Roman Catholic Church.

By the middle of the 14th century these Freischöffen ( Latin scabini ), sworn associates of the Fehme, were scattered in thousands throughout the length and breadth of Germany, known to each other by secret signs and pass-words, and all of them pledged to serve the summons of the secret courts and to execute their judgment.

By most accounts, the earliest Arabic and Latin descriptions of the purification of saltpeter do not appear until the 13th century.

By the 15th and 16th centuries, the Greek spoken in Calabria was rapidly replaced by Latin, the dominant language of the Italian Peninsula through a process of Italianization.

By the 12th century, " Saracen " had become synonymous with " Muslim " in Medieval Latin literature.

By adding diacritics to the Latin letters, it makes the transcription reversible, making it a true transliteration.

By the mid-15th century, Chancery Standard was used for most official purposes except by the Church ( which used Latin ) and for some legal purposes ( for which Law French and some Latin were used ).