By sitting on the windward side of the hull, the heeling moment must lift the weight of the crew.

By using instruments of gradually increasing size, the vagina is gently, and with minimum pain at each stage, taught to yield to an object of the appropriate shape.

By the late 19th century, improved instruments were designed which could be mounted in any position and allowed accurate measurements in electric power systems.

By the 18th century, the cello had largely replaced other mid-sized bowed instruments.

By the 16th century, harpsichord makers in Italy were making lightweight instruments with low string tension.

By the 1980s, though, as living standards increased, many instruments that were once too expensive to buy could be bought by the Taiwanese in preference to the harmonica.

By that date, the following nations had deposited instruments of definitive adherence to the pact: Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Liberia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Romania, the Soviet Union, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, Siam, Spain, Sweden, and Turkey.

By the 1900s, Lyon & Healy was one of the largest music publishers in the world, and sold new and antique violins, pianos, and other instruments.

By the 17th century, the mechanisms of keyboard instruments such as the clavichord and the harpsichord were well known.

By the late twenties, the idea for electrified string instruments had been around for some time, and experimental banjo, violin and guitar pickups had been developed.

By the 19th century, astronomy had developed into a formal science, with the introduction of instruments such as the spectroscope and photography, along with much-improved telescopes and the creation of professional observatories.

By the end of the 19th century, some French organists ( e. g., Charles-Marie Widor and his students Charles Tournemire and Louis Vierne ) named some of their organ compositions symphony: Their instruments ( many built by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll ) allowed an orchestral approach ( Kaye 2001 ; Smith 2001 ; Thomson 2001 ).

Young Sullivan became proficient with many of the instruments in the band and had composed an anthem, " By the waters of Babylon ", by the age of eight.

* By degree of invasiveness: Minimally invasive surgery involves smaller outer incision ( s ) to insert miniaturized instruments within a body cavity or structure, as in laparoscopic surgery or angioplasty.

* By equipment used: Laser surgery involves use of a laser for cutting tissue instead of a scalpel or similar surgical instruments.

By this point Johann had already discovered 27 asteroids, and he would employ the Vienna and instruments to find an additional 94 asteroids before he retired .< ref >

By far the largest part of the official market in the UK concerns financial instruments ; the leading spread-betting companies make most of their revenues from financial markets, their sports operations being much less significant.

By convincing banks to lend again, as well as changing and standardizing mortgage instruments and procedures, home ownership has increased from 40 % in the 1930s to nearly 70 % in 2001.

By the 1990s, fewer bands were using synthesizers, and even former purely electronic acts such as Depeche Mode began using traditional acoustic instruments alongside the electronic instruments.

" By this he meant that the instruments were only found in areas populated by Africans or their descendants.

By comparison, Nemo's personal quarters are very sparsely furnished, but do feature duplicates of the bridge instruments, so that the captain can keep track of the vessel without being present on the bridge.

By this term Nielsen meant an aesthetic approach wherein the instruments, or the players operating them, are given leave to assert their individual intentions, as interpreted by the composer.

By the age of 13 he had become a member of the group, accompanied its members on tour and learned to dance and play various Indian instruments.

By the time he was a teenager he could play several instruments, including piano, drums and guitar.

By law and Southern social convention, household heads were adult, white propertied males, and all white women and all African Americans were thought to require protection and guidance because they lacked the capacity for reason and self-control.

By most definitions, characters do not strictly require actual superhuman powers to be deemed superheroes, although terms such as costumed crime fighters are sometimes used to refer to those such as Batman and Green Arrow without such powers who share other common superhero traits.

By contrast, modern interactive computers require that the computer constantly be monitoring for user input or device activity, so at some fundamental level there is an infinite processing idle loop that must continue until the device is turned off or reset.

By June 1989, an agreement was reached, and the only concession the RIAA would receive was a more practical recommendation from manufacturers to Congress that legislation be enacted to require that recorders have a Serial Copy Management System to prevent digital copying for more than a single generation.

… By kin selection I mean the evolution of characteristics which favour the survival of close relatives of the affected individual, by processes which do not require any discontinuities in the population breeding structure.

By handling MNP lookups before routing a call and by assuring that the voice call will actually work, VoIP service providers are able to offer business subscribers the level of reliability they require.

By contrast, soldiers traveling in combat vehicles can face microclimate temperatures in excesss of 65 ° C and require a multiple-user vehicle-powered cooling system with rapid connection capabilities.

By the mid 1880s, the town had grown enough to require school services and to build a Congregational church.

By food law, some countries require a certain amount of colony forming units of microorganisms to allow sour milk be named as " yogurt ",

By the nature of their subject matter, anti-SLAPP statutes require meticulous drafting.

By comparison, the International Space Station and Space Shuttle typically orbit at 350 – 400 km, within the F-layer of the ionosphere where they encounter enough atmospheric drag to require reboosts every few months.

By contrast, modern derailleur systems often have two shifters, and require some forethought to avoid problematic gear combinations.

By contrast, keeping the 3 / 4 legislative vote requirement would mean that any constitutional amendment would require a consensus among both the pan-green coalition and pan-blue coalition to be considered.

By passing Article 23 law, Hong Kong will require the PRC to develop the legal mechanisms to punish all members of a banned political organization, a power it now only has with respect to religious organizations such as Falun gong and students who were involved in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.

By contrast, printers, publishers, advertising agencies and law firms tend not to specifically require a degree.

By contrast, resentment and negative comments certainly resulted when the independently wealthy Talbot, who had spent a considerable amount of money in developing his calotype process ( about £ 5, 000, equivalent to £ as of ), did not make a similar general gift of it to mankind, or at least to his own countrymen, but opted to emulate Daguerre's UK policy and require the purchase of licenses for its use.

By comparison, VHS would require tedious rewinding and fast-forwarding to get to specific points.

By combining the 23 national holidays with the time off during school holidays, the actual number of working days per year is somewhere near 200 through private companies, which is one of the major attractions of the ALT position, however many schools require you to undertake other tasks when not teaching, so the actual hours worked are similar to other jobs in Japan.

By the 1960s and 1970s, semiconductor transistor-based amplifiers began to become more popular because they are less expensive, lighter-weight, and require less maintenance.

By contrast, most graphical or text user interface web browsers require the user to remain logged in and to manually restart failed downloads, which can be a great hindrance when transferring a lot of data.

If a young person is found guilty, " By order direct that the young person be discharged on any conditions that the court considers appropriate and may require the young person to report to and be supervised by the provincial director ".

By contrast, superantigens do not require processing by antigen-presenting cells but instead interact directly with the invariant region of the class II MHC molecule.

By July 2007 the shortage at FCI was large enough to require import of wheat at a much higher price of 320 – 360 USD / ton.

By the time the EEC became influential in this area it was clear that the law would require fundamental re-drafting.