By the 1930s boats built of all steel from frames to plating were seen replacing wooden boats in many industrial uses, even the fishing fleets.

By the end of the war, turbojet engines were replacing piston engines as the means of propulsion, further increasing their speed.

By replacing the M1114, M1116, and earlier armored HMMWV types with a single model, the U. S. Army hopes to lower maintenance costs.

By 1913 the French and British had plans in place for joint naval action against Germany, and France moved its Atlantic fleet from Brest to Toulon, replacing British ships.

By November 1920 Theremin had given his first public concert with the instrument, now modified with a horizontal volume antenna replacing the earlier foot-operated volume control.

By 1948, the restoration appeared aged and it was decided to restore the vase again, but the restorer was only successful in replacing three fragments.

By replacing ten cards with five symbols and using three reels instead of five drums, the complexity of reading a win was considerably reduced, allowing Fey to devise an effective automatic payout mechanism.

By replacing the liquid with gas it is possible to prepare aerogels, materials with exceptional properties including very low density, high specific surface areas, and excellent thermal insulation properties.

By the year 737, Emperor Xuanzong discarded the policy of conscripting soldiers that were replaced every three years, replacing them with long-service soldiers who were more battle-hardened and efficient.

By the end of 1981, Kelly had replaced Jelliman, with Trewavas replacing Minnett in 1982.

By replacing n with m / M, and subsequently introducing density ρ = m / V, we get:

By fall of 1994, Amor Prohibido was a commercial success in Mexico and made four number one Latin hits, replacing Gloria Estefan's Mi Tierra on the chart's number one spot.

By the late 1970s, most of I-95 had been completed, replacing US 1 as the main corridor of the east coast and relegating most of it to local road status.

By 1880, it was discovered that replacing the branches with a frame covered by thin fabric would effectively protect plants from the beetle.

By air: The airport in Vitoria, was built to be the major airport in northern Spain and replacing the airport in Bilbao, but failed to consolidate itself as such.

By the late 17th and early 18th century, the Natchez ( pronounced " Nochi "), descendants of the Plaquemine culture, occupied the site, which they used for their major ceremonial center, replacing Emerald Mound.

By replacing the old hierarchy with self-managed teams, more responsibility is placed upon unique and self-managed teams which create better communication and productivity.

By 1985, the name had changed to Stratovarius ( a combination of Stratocaster and Stradivarius ), and guitarist / vocalist Timo Tolkki entered the band in December of that year, replacing Stråhlman. In 1988 they released their first two singles, " Future Shock " and " Black Night ".

By the 16th century the handheld firearm became commonplace, replacing the crossbow and longbow in all advanced armies, and known as the arquebus.

By viewing one's ego as it once was rather than as it currently is, one ends up negating the current self and replacing it with a past self that no longer exists.

By November 2003 B-huts, 18-by-36-foot structures made of plywood designed to hold eight troops, were replacing the standard shelter option for troops.

By July, it had been confirmed that they would be billed as Twelfth Night, and in September, a 2nd gig was added and both Andy Revell and Brian Devoil were revealed as part of the line-up, with Mark Spencer ( formerly the vocalist in 80s prog band LaHost, Andy Sears ' one time flatmate, and an old friend of the band ) replacing Rick Battersby.

By implication, his work replacing the Ptolemaic system with a heliocentric model was prompted in part by the need for calendar reform.

By the beginning of the 1960s, calypso and Trinidadian steelpan became the most popular styles of music on Dominica, replacing traditional Carnival music like chanté mas and lapo kabwit.

By the time the bulk of the English army had arrived, the Vikings on the west side were either slain or fleeing across the bridge.

By the king's decree, no animals were slain during the yagna, and the only offerings that were made were " products of the wilderness.

By 1859, rebel leaders Bakht Khan and Nana Sahib had either been slain or had fled.

By the end of the original Avatar Trilogy, Kelemvor had been slain by Cyric.

By offering the consulship to potential opponents, Domitian may have wanted to compromise these senators in the eyes of their supporters.

By 65, senators complained that they had no power left and this led to the Pisonian conspiracy.

By 1910, 31 state legislatures had passed resolutions calling for a constitutional amendment allowing direct election, and in the same year ten Republican senators who were opposed to reform were forced out of their seats, acting as a " wake-up call to the Senate ".

By convention, senators appointed by the state legislature to fill casual vacancies were from the same political party as the former senator.

By some accounts, Kerr sought reassurance at that meeting that the Coalition senators would not have given in before supply ran out, " The Senate would never have caved in, would it?

By a near unanimous vote ( Heflin was absent ), the senators pledged their support to their leader and his stance against bigotry.

By the end of March 1998, a large group of government and nongovernment leaders, including then Chief of the Prime Minister's Cabinet Wiesław Walendziak, 130 Sejm deputies, 16 senators, former President Lech Wałęsa, Cardinal Józef Glemp, and Gdańsk Archbishop Tadeusz Rokoczy, went on record as opposing the removal of the cross.

By 1957, the relationship had deteriorated to the point where, rather than talking face-to-face, the senators exchanged angry letters delivered almost daily by messenger between offices in close proximity.

By 1669 the situation had become so bad that landowners took to the streets and, angered by the magnates machinations during the earlier royal election of Michał I, shot at passing senators.

By this point, Plebeians were already holding a significant number of magisterial offices, and so the number of Plebeian senators probably increased quickly.

By the secession of the Southern senators the Republicans acquired control of the senate, and placed Fessenden at the head of the finance committee.

By the 1950s Byrd was one of the most influential senators, serving on the Armed Services Committee, and later as chairman of the Finance Committee.

By then there had been minor changes to the agreed composition as three RIS senators had refused to take their seats and 21 representatives from the State of Pasundan were replaced by 19 members appointed by the Republic.

By the end of 1967, however, he was becoming disenchanted with the war's progress and joined twenty-two other senators in calling for a peaceful solution to the conflict.

By that time, the painting was already an object of public veneration and the chapel dedication ceremony was attended by many prominent figures of the time: Chancellor Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Grand Hetman Michał Kazimierz Pac, senators of the general sejm, and others.

By the lex Aurelia ( 70 BC ) the list of judices was composed, in addition to senators and equites, of tribuni aerarii.

By this time, the bill was co-sponsored by 27 senators in total.

By 1935 KPB / PCB had 9 deputies in the lower house of parliament and 4 senators.