By the late 5th century BC, philosophers might separate Aphrodite into two separate goddesses, not individuated in cult: Aphrodite Ourania, born from the sea foam after Cronus castrated Uranus, and Aphrodite Pandemos, the common Aphrodite " of all the folk ," born from Zeus and Dione.

By United Nations law, Bosnia has a right of passage to the outer sea.

By the late 1950s, the once-prosperous port area of downtown Manhattan was occupied by a number of dilapidated shipping piers, casualties of the rise of container shipping which drove sea traffic to Port Elizabeth, New Jersey.

By merit of their location, the Falkland Islands have often been the last refuge for ships damaged at sea.

By January 1937 he was at Alcubierre above sea level, in the depth of winter.

By the 3rd century, the Goths ruled a vast area north of the Black Sea from where they either through crossing the lower Danube or traveling by sea, raided the Balkan Peninsula and Anatolia as far as Cyprus.

By praying, singing hallelujah and crying to God, the Saxons were driven to the sea.

By the early 19th century, navigation at sea without one was considered unwise to unthinkable.

By this time the Portuguese Empire had already lost its interest on the spice trade sea route because of the decreasing profitability of that business.

By the middle of the 6th century, there were three major settlements in northern Arabia, all along the south-western coast that borders the Red Sea, in a habitable region between the sea and the great desert to the east.

By comparison, the atmospheric pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is 32, 000 pascals, or about 32 % of Earth's sea level pressure.

By 1516, he was again at sea as a ship's captain in the Ottoman fleet.

By contrast, meroplankton are only planktic for part of their lives ( usually the larval stage ), and then graduate to either a nektic or benthic ( sea floor ) existence.

By about 2000 BC, the Minoan civilization in Crete had evolved into a naval power exercising effective control of the sea in the eastern Mediterranean.

By the end of the 15th century, the discovery of a sea route from Europe to the Far East ended the need for an overland trade route through Syria.

By 1850 California had enough settlers arriving by the California Trail and by sea to become the 31st state.

By the late 19th century, in the United States, the name Rio Grande had become standard in being applied to the entire river, from Colorado to the sea.

By sea Prince Henry's captains continued their exploration of Africa and the Atlantic Ocean.

By the 16th century, records indicate that a well-established wine industry on the island supplied these ships with wine for the long voyages across the sea.

By analyzing the various growth morphologies, microatolls offer a low resolution record of sea level change.

By the end of the paleolithic, it had dropped 100 to 150 metres lower than today's sea level.

By the middle of the eighteenth century, Bermuda was sending twice as many privateers to sea as any of the continental colonies.

By 2 October 1724, Bering ( retaining the rank of first captain he had secured earlier in the year ) was back on the sea, commanding the ninety-gun Lesnoe.

By the treaty of Alcaraz, in 1243, Alfonso X of Castile made Murcia a protectorate, getting access to Mediterrannean sea while Murcia was protected against Granada and Aragon.

By 1768, 27 years after it had been discovered by Europeans, Steller's sea cow was extinct.

By 790, Offa controlled Hastings effectively enough to confirm grants of land in Hastings to the Abbey of St Denis, in Paris.

By the end of the Saxon period, the port of Hastings had moved eastward near the present town centre in the Priory Stream valley, whose entrance was protected by the White Rock headland ( since demolished ).

By at least the 1950s, " Skid Road " was commonly used to describe the more dilapidated areas in the city's Downtown Eastside, which is focused on the original " strip " along East Hastings Street due to a concentration of single room occupancy hotels ( SROs ) and associated drinking establishments in the area.

By this stage Hastings shared Clive's view that the three major British Presidencies ( settlements ), Madras, Bombay and Calcutta, should all be brought under a single rule rather than being governed separately as they currently were.

In two of the books in which he appears — The Mysterious Affair at Styles and The ABC Murders — Hastings plays a prominent role in the resolution of the mystery, with a casual observation he makes at one point in the novel leading Poirot to realise the guilty party: By mentioning that Poirot had to straighten some spill holders and ornaments in Styles, he prompts Poirot to realise that someone had moved them, thus allowing Poirot to discover a crucial piece of evidence, and when he suggests that an incorrectly addressed letter revealing the latest crime in ABC Murders was addressed that way on purpose, Poirot realises that the letter had indeed been wrongly addressed deliberately so that it would not be received until after the murderer had committed his crime, revealing that the murderer had attached greater importance to that particular murder, and wanted to be certain that it was committed.

By this time the Hastings County Council was also interested in education and the building of the railroad.

By 1907, it became an intimate relationship and as Beatrice Hastings herself would later confess, "... Aphrodite amused herself at our expense.

By 1834 he had acquired an interest in the company's Western Outfit, and in 1840 he became an equal partner in the business together with Joseph Rolette and Henry Hastings Sibley.

By 1896 the family had hit another period of financial trouble, and Hastings left Charterhouse to move to continental Europe with his mother and older brother Archie until there was enough money for the family to return to London.

By the time Hastings returned, he had decided to become a barrister.

By this time Hastings had already been reached by the SER in a roundabout route from Ashford, which opened 13 February 1851.

By the 1960s, many Italian businesses also sprang up in the Hastings and Nanaimo area, but the cultural core remained on Commercial Drive.

By an ironic twist of Fate, however, Hastings himself had intervened in this murder ; by turning a revolving bookcase table while seeking out a book in order to solve a crossword clue ( coincidentally Othello again ) he had swapped the cups of coffee so that the one with poison in it was actually drunk by Mrs Franklin herself.

By 27 June 1846 a single line extension was opened to just outside Hastings at with an intermediate station at to serve Eastbourne ( this section was later doubled in January 1849 ).

By the late 1890s, the Free Reading Room and Library in the YMCA Building on West Hastings had become overcrowded.

By mid 1931 they began to be used on the Hastings services and as more locomotives became available later that year they also appeared on Portsmouth expresses.

By the late 16th century, the Hastings family of Ashby de la Zouch were the Forest Wardens.

By 1828 a number of land grants had been made along the Hastings River.