By 502 Clovis and Alaric met on an island in the Loire near Amboise for face-to-face talks, which led to a peace treaty.

By the conditions accepted in the treaty, the Avars were to take possession of Pannonia and the Lombards were promised military support in Italy should the need arise ; also, for a period of 200 years the Lombards were to maintain the right to reclaim their former territories if the plan to conquer Italy failed, thus leaving Alboin with an alternative open.

By terms of the treaty, moreover, Alfred was to have control over the Mercian city of London and its mints — at least for the time being.

By 2011, 165 countries had signed the treaty and none are known-though some are still suspected-to possess any biological weapons.

By this treaty, they accepted Philippe of Anjou as King of Spain, but allotted Austria the Spanish territories in Italy and the Spanish Netherlands.

By the treaty, the Choctaw signed away their remaining traditional homelands, opening them up for European-American settlement in Mississippi Territory.

As for the contradiction between German rearmament and his message of peace, Ribbentrop argued to whoever would listen that the German people had been “ humiliated ” by the Versailles treaty, that Germany wanted peace above all, and German violations of Versailles were part of an effort to restore Germany's " self-respect " By the 1930s, much of British opinion had been convinced that the treaty was monstrously unfair and unjust to Germany, so as a result, many in Britain like Thomas Jones were very open to Ribbentrop ’ s message that if only Versailles could be done away with, then European peace would be secured.

By the same treaty, Spain assumed the role of protecting power over the northern and southern ( Ifni ) zones on November 27 that year.

By his abuse of the traditional right of asylum granted to ambassadorial precincts in Rome, he precipitated a quarrel between France and the papacy, which resulted in Alexander VII's temporary loss of Avignon and his forced acceptance of the humiliating treaty of Pisa in 1664.

By mid-1971, as the termination date of the British treaty relationship ( end of 1971 ) approached, the nine still had not agreed on terms of union.

By Decision 2000 / 278 / EC of 16 March 2000, the Council of the European Union approved the treaty on behalf of the European Community.

* July 11 – By the preliminary treaty signed at Villafranca, Italy, Lombardy is ceded to the French ( who immediately cede it to Sardinia ), while the Austrians keep Venetia and the French promise to restore the Central Italian rulers expelled in the course of the war.

By the treaty of 1839, Luxembourg did not fully join Belgium, and remained a possession of the Netherlands until different inheritance laws caused it to separate as an independent Grand Duchy.

** March 26 – By the treaty of Almirra, the king of Aragon and prince of Castile come to an agreement on the attribution of Muslim lands to still to be conquered.

By the treaty of Windsor ( May 9, 1386 ), the alliance between Portugal and England was confirmed and extended.

By 1868, the Russians had annexed the Zarafshan Valley, and in 1873, the treaty turning Bukhara into a Russian protectorate was signed in Qarshi, much to the dismay of the Emir's son, Abdul Malik, who took to the hills in rebellion.

By the conditions of the peace treaty, the Northern Court and the Southern Court were supposed to alternate control of the throne.

By the time Edward arrived at Tunis, Charles had already signed a treaty with the emir, and there was little else to do but return to Sicily.

By a treaty concluded in 1860 between the Sardinian king and Napoleon III, the County was again ceded to France as a territorial reward for French assistance in the Second Italian War of Independence against Austria, which saw Lombardy unified with Piedmont-Sardinia.

By the treaty of two years later, the Habsburgs renounced all claims to the territory of the city.

By this treaty James married Henry's daughter Margaret Tudor.

By 714-16, the Muslims troops reached the Basque held Pamplona, with the town submitting apparently after a treaty was brokered between the inhabitants and the Arab military commanders.

By this treaty, Henry married Catherine, the daughter of the current French king, Charles VI, and would then succeed to the French throne upon Charles's death.

By 1243 was recovered most of the Duchies of Poznań and Gniezno, in 1244 Kalisz, in 1247 Santok, and in 1249 Wieluń.

By 1243 it is believed that there were 57 manors in the hundred.

By 1243, at the Battle of Köse Dağ, the Mongols defeated the Seljuk Turks and became the new rulers of Anatolia, and in 1256, the second Mongol invasion of Anatolia caused widespread distruction.

By the time he arrived, the Black Death had killed Alfonso and the threat of invasion had receded, so he turned the trip into a sight-seeing tour, traveling through Valencia and ending up in Granada.

By the Peace of Támara of 1127, the Battler recognised Alfonso VII of Castile.

By the Pact of Madrid, Peter was constrained to aid Alfonso XI of Castile in his successful attack on Algeciras ( 1344 ) and his failed attempt on Gibraltar ( 1349 ) by defending against a Moroccan counterattack.

By it his daughter and heir Joan was forced to marry Blanche's son, Alfonso.

By 1920, the team had become Real Gimnástico Club de Fútbol, after being granted royal patronage by Alfonso XIII.

By 5: 00 in the morning, some 3, 000 arquebusiers under the command of Alfonso d ' Avalos had entered the park and were rapidly advancing on Mirabello Castle, where they believed the French headquarters to be ; simultaneously, Imperial light cavalry spread out from the breach into the park, intending to intercept any French movements.

By 1923, deputies of the Cortes called for an investigation into the responsibility of King Alfonso XIII and the armed forces for the debacle.

By 1514, he would begin three decades of service for dukes Alfonso I and Ercole II d ' Este, becoming principal court artist.

By the fall of 1112 a truce was brokered between Urraca and Alfonso with their marriage annulled.

By 1572 he was singing in the chapel of Ferrara Cathedral, and by 1578 he was on the payroll of Duke Alfonso II d ' Este, one of the most famous patrons of music of the late 16th century.

By turns, Giron sustained first Henry IV, in a war against his father, John II, then Alfonso, who pretended to the throne, against Henry IV.

By royal intervention, she was married in 1444 to Ferdinand I of Naples, the illegitimate son of King Alfonso V of Aragon, who had seized Southern Italy from its Angevin kings in the 1430s and 1440s.

** By order of Alfonso I of Asturias, the Moors are driven out of Galicia.

By the time of Alfonso IX of León, in the 13th century, the municipality begins to be developed and repopulated, being in 17 October 1270, when the King Alfonso X The Wise conceded the document which requires the population establishes in Buetes.

By decree of pope Leo X they were created papal nobles, ranking as Comes palatinus (' Count Palatine '), familiars and members of the papal household, so that they might enjoy all the privileges of domestic prelates and of prelates in actual attendance on the Pope, as regards plurality of benefices as well as expectives.

By the same construction, every locally compact Hausdorff space X is a dense subspace of a compact Hausdorff space having at most one point more than X ..

By 1994 the " 3174 Establishment Controller " supported features such as attachment to multiple hosts via token ring, ethernet, or X. 25 in addition to the standard channel attach or SDLC, and terminal attachment via twisted pair, token ring or ethernet in addition to co-ax.

By 2000, most large-scale ( Mach-like ) efforts had ended, although OpenStep used an adapted Mach kernel called XNU, which is now used in the OS known as Darwin, which is the open source part of Mac OS X .. As of 2012, the Mach-based GNU Hurd is also functional and its inclusion in testing versions of Arch Linux and Debian in progress.

Suppose ( A < sub > 1 </ sub >, φ < sub > 1 </ sub >) is an initial morphism from X < sub > 1 </ sub > to U and ( A < sub > 2 </ sub >, φ < sub > 2 </ sub >) is an initial morphism from X < sub > 2 </ sub > to U. By the initial property, given any morphism h: X < sub > 1 </ sub > → X < sub > 2 </ sub > there exists a unique morphism g: A < sub > 1 </ sub > → A < sub > 2 </ sub > such that the following diagram commutes:

By definition, the weak * topology is weaker than the weak topology on X *.

By extension, moving an entire session from one X server to another is generally not possible.

By 1986, outside organizations had begun asking for X. X10R2 was released in January 1986, then X10R3 in February 1986.

By 2003, while the popularity of Linux ( and hence the installed base of X ) surged, X. Org remained inactive, and active development took place largely within XFree86.

By the late 1990s, official X development was moribund.

By 2002, while Linux's popularity, and hence the installed base of X, surged, X. Org was all but inactive ; active development was largely carried out by XFree86.

Magneto, in the first film, quotes Malcolm X with the line " By any means necessary.

By contrast, the cis and trans isomers of the X-Pro peptide bond ( where X represents any amino acid ) both experience steric clashes with the neighboring substitution and are nearly equal energetically.

By Hugh X, Isabella had nine more children.

By mid-1950 after the successful landing at Inchon by the US X Corps and the subsequent destruction of the Korean People's Army, the Korean War appeared to be all but over.

By extension, the cross-covariance matrix between two random vectors X and Y ( X having n elements and Y having p elements ) is the n × p matrix

By noting exactly where the scanning has reached at that moment, the X, Y position of the pen can be resolved.

By determining the number of CGG repeats on the X chromosome, this method allows for more accurate assessment of risk for premutation carriers in terms of their own risk of fragile X associated syndromes, as well as their risk of having affected children.