By what one reader called a `` series of dissolving views '', he merges one period into another and gives a sense of continuous growth.

By using the palette to mask the top area of the display and taking care about when it changes mode it can shift the continuous graphics at the bottom of the display down in two pixel increments because the internal display counter is not incremented on blank scanlines during non-continuous graphics modes.

* By whether they work on blocks of symbols usually of a fixed size ( block ciphers ), or on a continuous stream of symbols ( stream ciphers ).

By contrast, non-digital ( or analog ) systems represent information using a continuous function.

By continuous rapid exchange of bound water with other free water molecules, these polymer films keep the surfaces separated while maintaining a high fluidity at the brush – brush interface at high compressions, thus leading to a very low coefficient of friction.

By the 20th century, labour inputs were typically the most costly inputs in most industrialized societies, so focus shifted to team cooperation and dynamics, especially the early signalling of problems via a continuous improvement cycle.

By using pulsed wave doppler or continuous wave doppler bloodflow velocities can be calculated.

Keynes, in warning about the menaces of inflation, said, " By a continuous process of inflation, governments can confiscate, secretly and unobserved, an important part of the wealth of their citizens.

By contrast, non-digital ( or analog ) systems use a continuous range of values to represent information and in these systems the exact informational size of 1 Bd varies.

By the 1970s Piazzolla was living in Rome, managed by the Italian agent Aldo Pagani, and exploring a leaner, more fluid musical style drawing on more jazz influence, and with simpler, more continuous forms.

By 1962, while Zhou, Liu and Deng managed affairs of state and the economy, Mao had effectively withdrawn from economic decision-making, and focused much of his time on further contemplating his contributions to Marxist-Leninist social theory, including the idea of " continuous revolution ".

By doing this, as well as by making city streets interesting, she theorized a continuous animation of social actions during an average city day, which would keep city streets interesting and well occupied throughout a 24 hour period.

By preparing the tape " off-line " and then sending the message with a tape reader, the line could operate continuously rather than depending on continuous " on-line " typing by a single operator.

By the extreme value theorem, a continuous function on a closed interval must attain its minimum and maximum values at least once.

** By definition, there are networks which tier 1 networks have only one path to, and if they lose that path, they have no backup transit which preserves their continuous connectivity.

" By the end of the war, the best German troops were dead and the remainder were under continuous pressure on all parts of the Western Front, a consequence in part of an almost endless supply of fresh American reinforcements ( which the Germans were unable to match ) and in part of industry at last supplying the weakened Entente armies with the firepower to replace the men they lacked ( whilst Germany wanted for all sorts of materials thanks to the naval blockade ).

By 1849, it was described as a recently increased suburban village, with some handsome old houses, and by 1859 the village had exceeded its neighbour and with the railways and continuous building, the village of Kingsland disappeared.

By April 1, continuous monitoring at 11 stations was established and was expanded to 31 stations two days later.

By 1868, both iron and zinc operations were in progress at Sterling Hill, but the numerous companies and claims were embroiled in continuous legal battles, the largest of which was a 12-year dispute between the New Jersey Zinc Company and the Franklin Iron Company over rights to mixed ores, each company having purchased the right to mine zinc and iron, respectively.

By the extreme value theorem, this continuous function attains a maximum at some u when restricted to the closed unit sphere

By the end of 1929, orders were issued that the continuous week was to be extended to 43 % of industrial workers by and to 67 % by.

By continuity and density of the domain of A, it extends to a unique continuous linear functional on all of H.

By continuous measurement of the conductivity of this solution, oxidation curves can be generated.

By resting a more sophisticated pressure sensing device, a tonometer, against the skin surface and sensing the pulsatile artery, continuous PP wave forms can be acquired non-invasively and analysis made of these pressure signals.

By varying the formula, this curve may be moved forward or backward along the coordinates to produce any desired compression strength / density ratio.

By using the formula

By doing this to the formula above, we find:

By using logarithmic identities to transform the formula, the multiplications can be expressed as a sum and the power as a multiplication.

By sorting formulas according to the number of atoms of each element present in the formula according to these rules, with differences in earlier elements or numbers being treated as more significant than differences in any later element or number — like sorting text strings into lexicographical order — it is possible to collate chemical formulas into what is known as Hill system order.

By degrees, however, Justinian came to understand that the formula at issue not only appeared orthodox, but might also serve as a conciliatory measure toward the Monophysites, and he made a vain attempt to do this in the religious conference with the followers of Severus of Antioch, in 533.

By the end of the 5th dynasty, the formula in all tombs becomes " An offering the king gives and Osiris ".

By most accounts, Coca-Cola was India's leading soft drink until 1977 when it left India after a new government ordered The Coca-Cola Company to turn over its secret formula for Coke and dilute its stake in its Indian unit as required by the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act ( FERA ).

By contrast, ext2 and other Berkeley FFS-like file systems of that time simply used a fixed formula for computing inode locations, hence limiting the number of files they may contain.

By the same formula we can find the geostationary-type orbit of an object in relation to Mars ( this type of orbit above is referred to as an areostationary orbit if it is above Mars ).

The canonical model is a model of L, as every L-MCS contains all theorems of L. By Zorn's lemma, each L-consistent set is contained in an L-MCS, in particular every formula unprovable in L has a counterexample in the canonical model.

By comparison, prediction in frequentist statistics often involves finding an optimum point estimate of the parameter ( s ) — e. g. by maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori estimation ( MAP ) — and then plugging this estimate into the formula for the distribution of a data point.

By using this formula as distance, Euclidean space ( or even any inner product space ) becomes a metric space.

By the time of Diocletian, however, this two-stage process had largely disappeared, and the Praetor would either hear the whole case in person or appoint a delegate ( a iudex pedaneus ), taking steps for the enforcement of the decision ; the formula was replaced by an informal system of pleadings.

By convention, the formula is always true, regardless of the formula P ( x ); see vacuous truth.

By mid-century, Robert Wallace acquired the formula for nickel silver and established with Samuel Simpson, R. Wallace & Company the forerunner of Wallace Silversmiths.

By repeated applications of the half-angle formula

By Euler's formula the number of faces (' F '), vertices ( V ), and edges ( E ) of any convex polyhedron are related by the formula " F + V-E "

By Heron's formula, the area of the triangle is

By choosing a = 0, this formula gives both an integral and a series representation for a function that interpolates the harmonic numbers and extends a definition to the complex plane.

By substituting this formula for current into one or both factors of current in Joule's law, the power dissipated can be written in the equivalent forms:

By inserting different prices into the formula, you will obtain a number of break even points, one for each possible price charged.