Andronikos II was also plagued by economic difficulties and during his reign the value of the Byzantine hyperpyron depreciated precipitously while the state treasury accumulated less than one seventh the revenue ( in nominal coins ) that it had done previously.

For example, some Byzantine coins of the 1st century BC and later show the head of Artemis with bow and quiver, and feature a crescent with what appears to be a six-rayed star on the reverse.

Coins of Roman, Byzantine, Greek origin are amongst the more popular ancient coins collected.

From then on all Byzantine coins had a religious image or symbol on the reverse, usually an image of Christ for larger denominations, with the head of the Emperor on the obverse, reinforcing the bond of the state and the divine order.

On gold coins struck in his royal workshop, Theodebert is shown in the pearl-studded regalia of the Byzantine emperor ; Childebert I is shown in profile in the ancient style, wearing a toga and a diadem.

The Eastern connections of these " Varangians " brought Byzantine silk, coins from Samarkand, even a cowrie shell from the Red Sea, to Viking York.

A series of coins minted c. 1200 in the name of Queen Tamar depicted a local variant of the Byzantine obverse and an Arabic inscription on the reverse proclaiming Tamar as the " Champion of the Messiah ".

Since the fall of the Roman Empire, the Frankish kings had always shown a certain deference to the Byzantine Emperor, but Theudebert rejected his status as an inferior leader: for example, he broke imperial custom by minting gold coins containing his own image.

It is clear that Hydra was populated during the Byzantine Era, as vases and coins have been discovered in the area of Episkopi.

For an initial period coins had human figures in the Byzantine and Sassanian style, perhaps to reassure users of their continued value, before the Islamic style with lettering only took over.

" International currencies in the past have included the Chinese Liang and Greek drachma, coined in the fifth century B. C., the silver punch-marked coins of fourth century India, the Roman denari, the Byzantine solidus and Islamic dinar of the middle-ages, the Venetian ducato of the Renaissance, the seventeenth century Dutch guilder and of course, more recently, sterling and the dollar .”

Until the reign of King Henry III of England ( 1216 – 1272 ), any need in England for coins worth more than one penny ( which, at that time, was a silver coin ) was met, at least partially, by the use of Byzantine or Arabic gold and silver coins which circulated among merchants and traders.

A treasure hoard consisting of 12 silver coins issued between 613 and 685 was found in a Byzantine tomb near the Church of the Virgin.

Western and Byzantine coins from the time of Emperor Michael IV ( 1034 – 1041 ) were also found.

This demonstrated that, in the 10th century, Jórvík's trading connections reached to the Byzantine Empire and beyond: a cap made of silk survives, and coins from Samarkand were familiar enough and respected enough for a counterfeit to have passed in trade.

The Roman fort at Momčilov Grad produced a great number of coins of Byzantine Emperor Justinian ( 525 – 565 ).

Byzantine currency, money used in the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the West, consisted of mainly two types of coins: the gold solidus and a variety of clearly valued bronze coins.

Early Byzantine coins continue the late Roman conventions: on the obverse the head of the Emperor, now full face rather than in profile, and on the reverse, usually a Christian symbol such as the cross, or a Victory or an angel ( the two tending to merge into one another ).

Byzantine coins followed, and took to the furthest extreme, the tendency of precious metal coinage to get thinner and wider as time goes on.

Late Byzantine gold coins became thin wafers that could be bent by hand.

European rulers, once they again started issuing their own coins, tended to follow a simplified version of Byzantine patterns, with full face ruler portraits on the obverse.

Theudebert was the first Frankish king to formally sever his ties to the Byzantine Empire by striking gold coins with his own image on them and calling himself magnus rex ( great king ) because of his supposed suzerainty over peoples as far away as Pannonia.

There are inscriptions, sculptures, reliefs, marbles, coins, jewelry, ceramics and pottery dating back to a broad span of about 1500 years representing the ancient Dauno, Roman, early Christian and medieval Byzantine.

The remnants of a Byzantine church dating from the 5th and 6th centuries have also been excavated on the top of Masada.

There are a great many Jewish tombs dating to the Second Temple period, and others in the late Roman or early Byzantine period.

The small two-roomed brick building that once housed the bath is in fact of Byzantine origin, dating back to the 11th century and possibly once part of the home of a Muslim nobleman.

This traditional dating has been challenged by some historians, who point out that it is inconsistent with such other sources as the Schechter Letter, which mentions the activities of certain khagan HLGW of Rus ' as late the 940s, during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Romanus I.

In addition to the Sinop-styles jars, several amphorae similar to examples excavated on the Yassiada Byzantine shipwreck and dating from the 5th to late 6th century AD are present.

A Byzantine coin was discovered in Danesheadbank, dating from the sixth or seventh century, as part of the Denton coin hoard.

Labrys symbolism is found in Minoan, Thracian, and Greek religion, mythology, and art, dating from the Middle Bronze Age onwards, and surviving in the Byzantine Empire.

The Periplus text derives from a Byzantine 10th-century manuscript in minuscule hand, contained in the collections of the University Library Heidelberg ( CPG 398: 40v-54v ), and a copy of it dating from the 14th or 15th century in the British Museum ( B. M.

The earliest known depiction of a carousel is in a Byzantine bas-relief dating to around 500 A. D., which depicts riders in baskets suspended from a central pole.

The frescos in the Peribleptos Monastery Church, dating between 1348 and 1380, are a very rare surviving late Byzantine cycle, crucial for the understanding of Byzantine art.

Kastoria is filled with old manors dating to the Ottoman period, while parts of the old Byzantine walls also stand.

Copious archaeological remains were found dating to the Byzantine period ( 330 CE – 636 CE ) and were excavated by the University of Pennsylvania Museum from 1921-23.

Archeological surveys at Khirbet Sharta in the northeast part of the city revealed traces of habitation dating to the Bronze, Iron, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Mamluk eras.

* The town of Symi alone has thirteen major churches and dozens of chapels, some dating back to the Byzantine era.

According to the Klētorologion of 899, the Byzantine Caesar < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s insignia were a crown without a cross, and the ceremony of a Caesar < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s creation ( in this case dating to Constantine V ), is included in De Ceremoniis I. 43.

There are few buildings dating from the period of the Byzantine Empire or the 18th century.

The large icon collection begins with a few dating to the 5th ( possibly ) and 6th centuries, which are unique survivals, the monastery having been untouched by Byzantine iconoclasm, and never sacked.

The streets in the area are full of historic wooden mansions, churches, and synagogues dating from the Byzantine and Ottoman eras.

There are texts dating back to the Byzantine era that mention Pelion by the name Zagora.

The original has been lost but a lavishly illustrated Byzantine copy known as the Codex Vindobonensis dating from about 512 CE remains.

Hama's most famous attractions are the 17 Norias of Hama (), dating back to the Byzantine times.

The church still retains several Romanesque and Byzantine characters, such as some parts of the walls ( dating from the 4th century ), a few of the original column capitals and the upper windows of the nave.