Schema therapy was founded by Jeffrey Young, and represents a development of cognitive behaviour therapy ( CBT ) specifically for treating personality disorders.

The most successful non-invasive procedure is cognitive behavioural therapy ( CBT ), which attempts to alleviate the anxiety felt by sufferers.

Use of the term CBT may refer to different interventions, including " self-instructions ( e. g. distraction, imagery, motivational self-talk ), relaxation and / or biofeedback, development of adaptive coping strategies ( e. g. minimizing negative or self-defeating thoughts ), changing maladaptive beliefs about pain, and goal setting ".

CBT may be conducted in a group setting.

A number of psychosocial interventions may be useful in the treatment of schizophrenia including: family therapy, assertive community treatment, supported employment, cognitive remediation, skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ), token economic interventions, and psychosocial interventions for substance use and weight management.

Moreover, there are indications that the beneficial effects of CBT, in contrast to those produced by medications, may last well beyond the termination of active treatment.

Many learning organizations are beginning to use smaller CBT / WBT activities as part of a broader online learning program which may include online discussion or other interactive elements.

According to cognitive-behavioral theory ( CBT ), both antecedents and consequences may either be in the environment or cognitions.

Riders over 21 may opt to train for a full licence therefore a CBT is just a ' stepping stone ' to this.

Like other " heavy " genital modifications, it may be performed under less than ideal situations by amateur practitioners as part of CBT or other BDSM activities.

Indeed, it may be that non-organic interventions, like cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ), better attenuate disorders alone or in conjunction with drugs.

Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) has been found to be effective treatment for panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

CBT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, and possibly more effective than pharmacological treatments in the long term.

CBT is thought to be effective for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including mood, anxiety, personality, eating, substance abuse, tic, and psychotic disorders.

A systematic review of CBT in depression and anxiety disorders concluded that " CBT delivered in primary care, especially including computer-or Internet-based self-help programs, is potentially more effective than usual care and could be delivered effectively by primary care therapists.

Emerging evidence suggests a possible role for CBT in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ), hypochondriasis, multiple sclerosis, sleep disturbances related to aging, dysmenorrhea, and bipolar disorder, but more study is needed and results should be interpreted with caution.

Initial studies have shown CBT to be effective in reducing social anxiety in adults who stutter, but not in reducing stuttering frequency.

Cochrane reviews have found no evidence that CBT is effective for tinnitus, although there appears to be an effect on management of associated depression and quality of life in this condition.

CBT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of all anxiety disorders.

Cochrane reviews have found no evidence that CBT is effective for tinnitus, although there appears to be an effect on management of associated depression and quality of life in this condition.

Of the treatments CBT was found to be presumed or proven effective at treating schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress, anxiety disorders, bulimia, anorexia, personality disorders and alcohol dependency.

The UK's National Health Service announced in 2008 that more therapists would be trained to provide CBT at government expense as part of an initiative called Improving Access to Psychological Therapies ( IAPT ).

Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) can be beneficial.

The 2005 NIH State-of-the-Science Conference on insomnia concluded that cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) " has been found to be as effective as prescription medications are for short-term treatment of chronic insomnia.

With non-seasonal depression, CBT appears to be about as effective as ADM in terms of acute distress reduction ; however, the effects of CBT are shown to be longer lasting than ADM.

Assessing learning in a CBT usually comes in form of multiple choice questions, or other assessments that can be easily scored by a computer such as drag-and-drop, radio button, simulation or other interactive means.

One exception was a study that suggested that interpersonal psychotherapy ( IPT ) might be as effective as CBT, although slower to achieve its effects.

The use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( CBT ) has been shown to be quite effective for treating bulimia nervosa ( BN ) in adults, but little research has been done on effective treatments of BN for adolescents.

Although CBT is seen as more cost efficient and helps individuals with BN in self-guided care, Family Based Treatment ( FBT ) might be more helpful to younger adolescents who need more support and guidance from their families.

BDD can be treated with either psychotherapy or psychiatric medication, or both ; moreover, cognitive behavioural therapy ( CBT ) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) are effective treatments.

Therapists or computer-based programs use CBT techniques to help individuals challenge their patterns and beliefs and replace " errors in thinking such as overgeneralizing, magnifying negatives, minimizing positives and catastrophizing " with " more realistic and effective thoughts, thus decreasing emotional distress and self-defeating behavior " or to take a more open, mindful, and aware posture toward them so as to diminish their impact.

In children or adolescents, CBT is an effective part of treatment plans for anxiety disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, depression and suicidality, eating disorders and obesity, obsessive – compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder, as well as tic disorders, trichotillomania, and other repetitive behavior disorders.

In children or adolescents, CBT is an effective part of treatment plans for anxiety disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, depression and suicidality, eating disorders and obesity, obsessive – compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder, as well as tic disorders, trichotillomania, and other repetitive behavior disorders.

Cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) is effective in reducing the suffering associated with chronic pain in some patients but the reduction in suffering is quite modest, and the CBT method employed seems to have no effect on outcome.

CBT is effective in treating both mild and more severely depressed patients, and is shown to prevent or delay the relapse of depressive symptoms better than other treatments for depression.

Recent scientific studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy ( CBT ) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ; e. g., fluoxetine and paroxetine ) are effective treatment options for hypochondriasis as demonstrated in clinical trials.

Research suggests that cognitive-behavioral therapy ( CBT ) is the most effective psychotherapeutic treatment for bulimia nervosa.

Many CBT treatment programs for specific disorders have been evaluated for efficacy ; the health-care trend of evidence-based treatment, where specific treatments for symptom-based diagnoses are recommended, has favored CBT over other approaches such as psychodynamic treatments.

In adults, CBT has been shown to have a role in the treatment plans for anxiety disorders, depression, eating disorders, chronic low back pain, personality disorders, psychosis, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, in the adjustment, depression, and anxiety associated with fibromyalgia, and with post-spinal cord injuries.

CBT has been studied as an aid in the treatment of anxiety associated with stuttering.

In the United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ) recommends CBT in the treatment plans for a number of mental health difficulties, including posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive – compulsive disorder ( OCD ), bulimia nervosa, and clinical depression.

Lazarus, seeking to optimize the efficacy of therapy and effect durable treatment using cognitive and behavioral methods, developed a new form of therapy called multimodal therapy, based on CBT, but also including interpersonal relationships, biological factors, physical sensations ( as distinct from emotional states ), and visual images ( as distinct from language-based thinking ).

In adults, CBT has been shown to have a role in the treatment plans for anxiety disorders, depression, eating disorders, chronic low back pain, personality disorders, psychosis, schizophrenia, substance use disorders, in the adjustment, depression, and anxiety associated with fibromyalgia, and with post-spinal cord injuries.

NICE said that CBT would become the mainstay of treatment for non-severe depression, with medication used only in cases where CBT had failed.

Gradual desensitisation treatment and CBT are often successful, provided the patient is willing to endure some discomfort.

In one clinical trial, 90 % of patients were observed with no longer having a phobic reaction after successful CBT treatment.

Common treatment methods include an eclectic mix of psychotherapy techniques, including cognitive behavioral ( CBT ), insight-oriented therapies, dialectical behavioral therapy ( DBT ), hypnotherapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing ( EMDR ).