CRTs have largely been superseded by more modern display technologies such as LCD, plasma display, and OLED, which as of 2012 offer lower manufacturing and distribution costs.

According to iSupply, production in units of CRTs was not surpassed by LCDs production until 4Q 2007, owing largely to CRT production at factories in China.

Computer displays and televisions with CRTs driven by digital electronics often use refresh rates of 100 Hz or more to largely eliminate any perception of flicker – see flicker-free.

There are several companies in the United States that charge a small fee to collect CRTs, then subsidize their labor by selling the harvested copper, wire, and printed circuit boards.

Cathode ray tubes ( CRTs ) using a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields, create the image in a classic television set.

While CRT displays use red-green-blue-masked phosphor areas, dictated by a mesh grid called the shadow mask, it would require a difficult calibration step to be aligned with the displayed pixel raster, and so CRTs do not currently use subpixel rendering.

* ZnS-based phosphors in CRTs and FEDs degrade by surface excitation, coulombic damage, build-up of electric charge, and thermal quenching.

This is a minor drawback of the Trinitron standard which is not shared by shadow mask CRTs.

* Trinitron, a brand of CRTs and televisions by Sony

** Cathode Ray Tube Division, closed in mid -' 70s ; site later used by Toshiba to manufacture television CRTs until 2004

This was to be done by using cathode ray tubes ( CRTs ) at both the transmitting and receiving ends.

This law prohibits the sale of electronic devices after January 1, 2007, that are prohibited from being sold under the EU RoHS directive, but across a much narrower scope that includes LCDs, CRTs, and the like and only covers the four heavy metals restricted by RoHS.

Flicker occurs on CRTs when they are driven at a low refresh rate, allowing the brightness to drop for time intervals sufficiently long to be noticed by a human eye – see persistence of vision and flicker fusion threshold.

Bare new CRTs are still available from some suppliers ( vector monitors use the same basic tube as a raster, just with different electronics ), but as they are bare tubes they usually require the yoke to be removed from the old tube and fitted to the new tube and setting up, which isn't usually a job that can be undertaken by the amateur arcade collector.

In an electron gun ( a device emitting high-speed electrons, such as those in CRTs ), an ion trap may be implemented above the cathode ( using an extra, positively-charged electrode between the cathode and the extraction electrode ) to prevent its degradation by positive ions accelerated backward by the fields intended to pull electrons away from the cathode.

The red, green and blue portions of the incoming video signal are processed and sent to the respective CRTs whose images are focused by their lenses to achieve the overall picture on the screen.

Additionally since aperture grill CRTs have no " horizontal " elements to the shadow mask, the resolution of the CRT in the vertical direction is limited by the focus of the electron beam and the granularity of the phosphor, unlike Cromaclear and other shadow mask based CRTs whose vertical resolution is limited by the number of rows of metal in the mask.

CRTs, despite recent advances, have remained relatively heavy and bulky and take up a lot of space in comparison to other display technologies.

CRTs have also been used as memory devices, in which case the visible light emitted from the fluoresecent material ( if any ) is not intended to have significant meaning to a visual observer ( though the visible pattern on the tube face may cryptically represent the stored data ).

Touch and tablet screens are used on LCD displays as a substitute for the light pen, which can only work on CRTs.

In manufacturing color CRTs, shadow masks and aperture grilles exposed photoresist on the faceplate to ultraviolet light sources accurately positioned to simulate arriving electrons for one color at a time.

Other light sources include fluorescent lamps, cathode ray tubes ( CRTs ), and plasma screens.

Note that while CRTs, plasma screens, and organic light-emitting diode displays generate their own light, liquid crystal displays ( LCDs ) like TFT screens require a backlight of either cold cathode fluorescent lamps or, more often today, LEDs.

CRTs have the unique ability to use light guns and pens.

The technology is well-suited to LCDs and other technologies where each logical pixel corresponds directly to three or more independent coloured subpixels, but less so for CRTs.

Originally, it was not an LED ( light-emitting diode ) display — each display consisted of multiple modules composed of 16 or more small flood-gate CRTs ( cathode ray tubes ), each of which included two to 16 pixels composed of green, red, and blue phosphors.

CRTs also still find adherents in video gaming because of their higher resolution per initial cost, lowest possible input lag, fast response time, and multiple native resolutions.

In 2003, TFT-LCDs outsold CRTs for the first time, becoming the primary technology used for computer monitors.

* In the fourth quarter of 2007, LCD televisions surpassed CRTs in worldwide sales for the first time.

Getters are especially important in sealed systems, such as vacuum tubes, including cathode ray tubes ( CRTs ), and vacuum insulated panels, which must maintain a vacuum for a long time.

At the same time, the much higher resolutions these new formats offered were lost at smaller screen sizes, so CRTs faced the twin problems of becoming larger and more rectangular at the same time.

Before long US $ 2 million, far more money than anybody anticipated, and more than the company could afford that time, was spent to turn the motherboards into completed units: For CRTs, RAM, floppy disk drives, and to restore production and fabricate the molded cases.

CRTs can emit a small amount of X-ray radiation as a result of the electron beam's bombardment of the shadow mask / aperture grille and phosphors.

* tightness of electron beam focus and aim ( in CRTs )

This mismatch tends to occur in aperture grille CRTs ( stripe grille / circular electron beam ).

On the other hand, shadow mask CRTs match a circular beam to a circular shadow mask.

In particular, the wider 16: 9 aspect ratio of the new material was difficult to build using CRTs ; ideally a CRT should be perfectly circular in order to best contain its internal vacuum, and as the aspect ratio becomes more rectangular it becomes more difficult to make the tubes.

Before the advent of LCD screens, most computer screens were based on cathode ray tubes ( CRTs ).

Originally, computer user interface images were formed on CRTs.

Liquid crystal displays are lightweight, compact, portable, cheap, more reliable, and easier on the eyes than CRTs.

He developed the first brain topography machine based on EEG, using on an array of spiral-scan CRTs connected to high-gain amplifiers.

So called " square " pixels used to display 4: 3 graphics and text on VGA CRTs are at 640x480 which excludes the sync pulses and blanking used in the field output.

This form of Y ′ CbCr is based on an RGB model that more closely fits the phosphor emission characteristics of newer CRTs and other modern display equipment.

Most television display manufacturers " overscan " the pictures on their displays ( CRTs and PDPs, LCDs etc.

Most people find that refresh rates of 70 – 90 Hz and above enable flicker-free viewing on CRTs.

Even at its best, its use of CRTs and film for data storage placed limits on the range depth of images.

Conventional CRTs are well under 1 ms, and plasma and OLED displays boast times on the order of 0. 001 ms.

However, their high cost, both manufacturing and on the street, meant that older technologies like CRTs maintained a footprint in spite of their disadvantages.

Most solid state consumer electronics are inherently instant on, so the moniker survived into the early solid state era to differentiate a product from its vacuum-tube based brethren ( with CRTs being a notable exception ).

Typically corners would require more space from the edges, but due to increased quality of the average display this is no longer the concern it used to be, even on CRTs.

Current research focuses on differentiating hESC into a variety of cell types for eventual use as cell replacement therapies ( CRTs ).

The term is primarily used for CRTs, especially televisions in 50 Hz countries ( PAL or SECAM ) and computer monitors from the 1990s and early 2000s – the 50 Hz rate of PAL / SECAM video ( compared with 60 Hz NTSC video ) and the relatively large computer monitors and close viewing distances of 1990s / 2000s computer monitors ( hence making more of the screen in the viewer's peripheral vision ) make flicker most noticeable on these devices.