Calcium, combined with phosphate to form hydroxylapatite, is the mineral portion of human and animal bones and teeth.

* Calcium phosphate ( Ca < sub > 3 </ sub >( PO < sub > 4 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >) is used as a supplement for animal feed, fertilizer, in commercial production for dough and yeast products, in the manufacture of glass, and in dental products.

* Calcium phosphate

Calcium is required to buffer the excess phosphate when it enters the cells.

Calcium phosphate is the name given to a family of minerals containing calcium ions ( Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup >) together with orthophosphates ( PO < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup > 3 -</ sup >), metaphosphates or pyrophosphates ( P < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 7 </ sub >< sup > 4 -</ sup >) and occasionally hydrogen or hydroxide ions.

Calcium phosphate is used in baking as a raising agent, with E number E341.

* Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, E341 ( i ): Ca ( H < sub > 2 </ sub > PO < sub > 4 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >

* Calcium hydrogen phosphate, E341 ( ii ): CaHPO < sub > 4 </ sub >

: A12AA01 Calcium phosphate

* Calcium phosphate storage.

** Calcium phosphate

Calcium phosphate ( phosphate rock ) is heated to 1, 200 – 1, 500 ° C with sand, which is mostly, and coke ( impure carbon ) to produce.

Calcium ( ) is the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

Calcium is a soft gray alkaline earth metal, and is the fifth-most-abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust.

Calcium is also the fifth-most-abundant dissolved ion in seawater by both molarity and mass, after sodium, chloride, magnesium, and sulfate.

Calcium is essential for living organisms, in particular in cell physiology, where movement of the calcium ion Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > into and out of the cytoplasm functions as a signal for many cellular processes.

Calcium, with a density of 1. 55 g / cm < sup > 3 </ sup >, is the lightest of the alkaline earth metals ; magnesium ( specific gravity 1. 74 ) and beryllium ( 1. 84 ) are more dense, although lighter in atomic mass.

Calcium has a higher electrical resistivity than copper or aluminium, yet weight-for-weight, due to its much lower density, it is a rather better conductor than either.

Calcium is the fifth-most-abundant element by mass in the human body, where it is a common cellular ionic messenger with many functions, and serves also as a structural element in bone.

Calcium hydroxide ( slaked lime ) is used in many chemical refinery processes and is made by heating limestone at high temperature ( above 825 ° C ) and then carefully adding water to it.

Calcium carbonate ( CaCO < sub > 3 </ sub >) is one of the common compounds of calcium.

Calcium is not naturally found in its elemental state.

Calcium is used

* Calcium carbonate ( CaCO < sub > 3 </ sub >) is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime, limestone ( usually used in the steel industry ) and aids in production in the glass industry.

* Calcium hydroxide solution ( Ca ( OH )< sub > 2 </ sub >) ( also known as limewater ) is used to detect the presence of carbon dioxide by being bubbled through a solution.

* Calcium arsenate ( Ca < sub > 3 </ sub >( AsO < sub > 4 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >) is used in insecticides.

* Calcium carbide ( CaC < sub > 2 </ sub >) is used to make acetylene gas ( for use in acetylene torches for welding ) and in the manufacturing of plastics.

* Calcium chloride ( CaCl < sub > 2 </ sub >) is used in ice removal and dust control on dirt roads, in conditioner for concrete, as an additive in canned tomatoes, and to provide body for automobile tires.

* Calcium cyclamate ( Ca ( C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 11 </ sub > NHSO < sub > 3 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >) was used as a sweetening agent but is no longer permitted for use because of suspected cancer-causing properties.

* Calcium gluconate ( Ca ( C < sub > 6 </ sub > H < sub > 11 </ sub > O < sub > 7 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >) is used as a food additive and in vitamin pills.

* Calcium hypochlorite ( Ca ( OCl )< sub > 2 </ sub >) is used as a swimming pool disinfectant, as a bleaching agent, as an ingredient in deodorant, and in algaecide and fungicide.

* Calcium permanganate ( Ca ( MnO < sub > 4 </ sub >)< sub > 2 </ sub >) is used in liquid rocket propellant, textile production, as a water sterilizing agent and in dental procedures.

* Calcium sulfate ( CaSO < sub > 4 </ sub >· 2H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ) is used as common blackboard chalk, as well as, in its hemihydrate form better known as Plaster of Paris.

Calcium carbonate is susceptible to even a weak acid solution because the crystals of calcium carbonate react with the acetic acid in the vinegar to form calcium acetate and carbon dioxide.

Calcium oxide, in the form of lime, was often used for this purpose, since it could react with the carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide produced during roasting and smelting to keep them out of the working environment.

Calcium and bicarbonate ions within the water are then able to combine, to form calcium carbonate ( CaCO < sub > 3 </ sub >) as a precipitate.

The cleavage furrow mechanism in animal cells is a complex network of actin and myosin filaments, Golgi vesicles and Calcium dependent channels enabling the cell to break apart, reseal and form new daughter cells with complete membranes.

Calcium salts are colorless from any contribution of the calcium, and ionic solutions of calcium ( Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup >) are colorless as well.

Calcium isotope fractionation during mineral formation has led to several applications of calcium isotopes.

Calcium ( from Latin, genitive calcis, meaning " lime ") was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.

Calcium phosphide is often used in naval flares, as in contact with water it liberates phosphine which self-ignites in contact with air ; it is often used together with calcium carbide which releases acetylene.

Calcium citrate supplements can be taken with meals if dietary calcium cannot be increased by other means.

When the cement paste exposed to the air and meteoric water reacts with the atmospheric CO < sub > 2 </ sub >, portlandite and the Calcium Silicate Hydrate ( CSH ) of the hardened cement paste become progressively carbonated and the high pH gradually decreases from 13. 5 – 12. 5 to 8. 5, the pH of water in equilibrium with calcite ( calcium carbonate ) and the steel is no longer passivated.

* Calcium concentration microdomains, localised areas of high involved in calcium signaling

Calcium carbonate is used as the source of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > and the resultant calcium oxide is used to recover the ammonia from the ammonium chloride.

Calcium ( Ca ) deficiency is a plant disorder that can be caused by insufficient calcium in the growing medium, but is more frequently a product of low transpiration of the whole plant or more commonly the affected tissue.

Calcium channel blockers work by blocking voltage-gated calcium channels ( VGCCs ) in cardiac muscle and blood vessels.

The phosphorylation events lead to a decrease in intracelluar calcium ( inhibit L type Calcium channels, inhibits IP3 receptor channels, stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Calcium pump ATPase ), a decrease in the 20kd myosin light chain phosphorylation by altering calcium sensitization and increasing myosin light chain phosphatase activity, a stimulation of calcium sensitive potassium channels which hyperpolarize the cell, and the phosphorylation of amino acid residue serine 16 on the small heat shock protein ( hsp20 ) by Protein Kinases A and G. The phosphorylation of hsp20 appears to alter actin and focal adhesion dynamics and actin-myosin interaction, and recent evidence indicates that hsp20 binding to 14-3-3 protein is involved in this process.

The use of Calcium Nitrate can reduce the melting point at 131ºC and today there are several technical calcium nitrate grades stable at more than 500ºC.

Calcium metabolism or calcium homeostasis is the mechanism by which the body maintains adequate calcium levels.