* 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected the 265th Pope of the Catholic Church following the death of Pope John Paul II.

* 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is inaugurated as the 265th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church taking the name Pope Benedict XVI.

That the assessment of the contemporary situation advanced by John Paul II is not binding on the faithful was confirmed by Cardinal Ratzinger when he wrote in 2004 that,

And in 1984, when Joseph Ratzinger, then Cardinal Prefect of that Congregation, stated that he rejected the claim that children who die unbaptised cannot attain salvation, he was speaking for many academic theologians of his training and background.

Funeral of Pope John Paul II at the Vatican in 2005, presided over by Cardinal Ratzinger, the future Pope Benedict XVI

Of those who took part in the council's opening session, four have become pontiffs to date: Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini, who on succeeding Pope John XXIII took the name of Paul VI ; Bishop Albino Luciani, the future Pope John Paul I ; Bishop Karol Wojtyła, who became Pope John Paul II ; and Father Joseph Ratzinger, present as a theological consultant, who became Pope Benedict XVI.

( Cardinal Frings's theological advisor was the young Joseph Ratzinger, now Pope Benedict XVI, who would later, as Cardinal, head the same department of the Holy See.

It was approved in a Plenary meeting of the Congregation, and bears the signature of its then Prefect, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, now Pope Benedict XVI, and of its then Secretary, Archbishop Tarcisio Bertone, now Cardinal Secretary of State.

* Cardinal Ratzinger Answers The Main Objections Raised Against The Declaration Dominus Iesus

Cardinal Ratzinger, however, criticized liberation theology for elevating orthopraxis to the level of orthodoxy.

In March 1983, Cardinal Ratzinger ( now Pope Benedict XVI ) head of the Vatican's Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith ( CDF ), made ten observations of Gutiérrez's theology, accusing Gutiérrez of politically interpreting the Bible in supporting temporal messianism, and stating that the predominance of orthopraxis over orthodoxy in his thought proved a Marxist influence.

Cardinal Ratzinger did praise liberation theology in some respects, including its ideal of justice, its rejection of violence, and its stress on " the responsibility which Christians necessarily bear for the poor and oppressed.

* Ratzinger, Joseph Cardinal, " Liberation Theology " ( preliminary notes to 1984 Instruction )

* From Ratzinger to Benedict by Avery Cardinal Dulles, Article in Feb 2006 edition of First Things

" In 2005 Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, who became Pope later that year but was then Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, described the series as " subtle seductions, which act unnoticed and by this deeply distort Christianity in the soul before it can grow properly ," and gave permission for publication of the letter that expressed this opinion.

Then Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, now Pope Benedict XVI, said of abuses in celebration of the liturgy: “ In the place of liturgy as the fruit of development came fabricated liturgy.

* Review of a book by Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger ( now Pope Benedict XVI )

" Commenting on then Cardinal Ratzinger, he said, " Ratzinger, who is, in his mind-set, a Nazi " because he is " afraid to tell the truth ," and because he and John Paul II " won't even let themselves be in the presence of the truth, because it would shatter their very stylised view of things.

In a letter of 31 January 1985 to Cardinal Giuseppe Siri, regarding the book Poem of the Man God, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger ( then Prefect of the Congregation, who later became Pope Benedict XVI ), referred to the 1966 notification of the Congregation as follows: " After the dissolution of the Index, when some people thought the printing and distribution of the work was permitted, people were reminded again in L ' Osservatore Romano ( 15 June 1966 ) that, as was published in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis ( 1966 ), the Index retains its moral force despite its dissolution.

* Cardinal Ratzinger sends condolences to Monaco on Prince Rainier's death

" In 2005, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, who became Pope later that year but was at the time Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, described the series as " subtle seductions, which act unnoticed and by this deeply distort Christianity in the soul before it can grow properly ," and gave permission for publication of the letter that expressed this opinion.

It became the expectation — rather than the exception — that those in the public eye should write about themselves — not only writers such as Charles Dickens ( who also incorporated autobiographical elements in his novels ) and Anthony Trollope, but also politicians ( e. g. Henry Brooks Adams ), philosophers ( e. g. John Stuart Mill ), churchmen such as Cardinal Newman, and entertainers such as P. T. Barnum.

Though nowadays most cardinals are also bishops, the term Cardinal bishops only refers to the cardinals that are titular bishops of one of the " suburbicarian " sees.

“ Acting in the place of the Roman Pontiff, he also confers the pallium upon metropolitan bishops or gives the pallium to their proxies .” The current Cardinal Proto-Deacon is Jean-Louis Tauran.

In this edition Erasmus also supplied the Greek text of the last six verses of Revelation ( which he had translated from Latin back into Greek in his first edition ) from Cardinal Ximenez's Biblia Complutensis.

: Not to be confused with Gil de Albornoz ( 1579-1649 ) who was also a Cardinal.

The Colts used their number one overall draft pick in 2012 to draft Stanford Cardinal quarterback Andrew Luck and would also draft his teammate Coby Fleener in the second round .. Also, the Colts will switch to a 3-4 defensive scheme.

* Henry IX and I ( 31 January 178813 July 1807 ), Henry Benedict Stuart, also known as the Cardinal King.

He also supported the elevation of Americans such as Cardinal Francis Spellman from a minor to a major role in the Church.

Honorius also sent Cardinal John of Crema to Pisa to hold another synod that excommunicated Archbishop Anselm of Milan, who had crowned Conrad king.

The way in which Honorius was elected meant that he became a creature, not only of Cardinal Aymeric, but also of the Frangipani family.

In 1261 he was created Cardinal Deacon of Santa Maria in Cosmedin by Pope Urban IV, who also appointed him papal prefect in Tuscany and captain of the papal army.

He also ended the war with Braccio da Montone in exchange for his recognition as vicar and reconciled with the deposed John XXIII, to whom he gave the title of Cardinal of Tusculum.

Benedict XIV was also responsible, along with Cardinal Passionei, for beginning the catalogue of the Vatican Library.

He also took over the port of Ostia from its Cardinal Bishop.

He was also Cardinal Protector of the Order of Franciscans.

He also served as a legate to Philip II of Spain ( 1556 – 1598 ), being sent by the Pope to investigate the Cardinal of Toledo.

Set up by Pope John Paul II by a motu proprio of 15 January 1993, it is presided over by the Cardinal Secretary of State and includes also the Secretary and the Undersecretary for Relations with States, and the Secretaries of the Congregations for the Eastern Churches, for the Clergy, and for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, and of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity.

The Cardinal of the Kremlin is also the title of a 1990 video game based on the novel.

In these years Donatello was also working in Pisa at a monument for Cardinal Rinaldo Brancacci, to be sent to Naples.

It was powered by a 185 hp ( 138 kW ) Curtiss-Wright RC2-60 Wankel rotary engine ; the same engine model was also flown in a Cessna Cardinal and other airplanes and a helicopter.

The Counter-Reformation was also the period of Spanish domination and was marked by two powerful figures: Saint Charles Borromeo and his cousin, Cardinal Federico Borromeo.

Since the theorem was also discovered independently by E. T. Whittaker, by Vladimir Kotelnikov, and by others, it's also known as the Nyquist – Shannon – Kotelnikov, Whittaker – Shannon – Kotelnikov, Whittaker – Nyquist – Kotelnikov – Shannon, WKS, as well as the Cardinal Theorem of Interpolation Theory.

The 1457 council was held by Cardinal de Foix, Archbishop of Arles and legate of Avignon, who was also a Franciscan.