( Baroque art was created during — and often for — the Counter-Reformation and so, ironically, BJU has been criticized by some other fundamentalists for promoting “ false Catholic doctrine ” through its art gallery.

He was one of the most important figures in the Counter-Reformation.

The Council of Trent, delayed and interrupted several times because of political or religious disagreements, was a major reform council and the most impressive embodiment of the ideals of the Counter-Reformation.

While we do not know Palestrina's compositional motivations, he may have been quite conscious of the need for intelligible text, however, this was not to conform with any doctrine of the Counter-Reformation, because no such doctrine exists.

In the 16th century Sixtus V bisected Bramante's Cortile del Belvedere with a cross-wing to house the Apostolic Library in suitable magnificence. The 16th and 17th centuries saw other privately endowed libraries assembled in Rome: the Vallicelliana, formed from the books of Saint Filippo Neri, with other distinguished libraries such as that of Cesare Baronio, the Biblioteca Angelica founded by the Augustinian Angelo Rocca, which was the only truly public library in Counter-Reformation Rome ; the Biblioteca Alessandrina with which Pope Alexander VII endowed the University of Rome ; the Biblioteca Casanatense of the Cardinal Girolamo Casanate ; and finally the Biblioteca Corsiniana founded by the bibliophile Clement XII Corsini and his nephew Cardinal Neri Corsini, still housed in Palazzo Corsini in via della Lungara. The Republic of Venice patronized the foundation of the Biblioteca Marciana, based on the library of Cardinal Basilios Bessarion. In Milan Cardinal Federico Borromeo founded the Biblioteca Ambrosiana.

In Catholic doctrine, the accepted understanding of predestination most predominantly follows the interpretation of Thomas Aquinas, and can be contrasted with the Jansenist interpretation of Augustinianism, which was condemned by the Catholic Church during the Counter-Reformation.

However a Jesuits ' college, founded in the city in 1571 during the Counter-Reformation, had the right to award degrees from 1611 until 1773, when it was combined with the Academy.

Nevertheless, they left a strong legacy in the tradition of Slovene culture, which was partially incorporated in the Catholic Counter-Reformation in the 17th century.

Public disorder regarding the Roses dynasties was always a threat until the 17th century Stuart / Bourbon re-alignment occasioned by a series of events such as the execution of Lady Jane Grey, despite her brother in law, Leicester's reputation in Holland, the Rising of the North ( in which the old Percy-Neville feud and even anti-Scottish sentiment was discarded on account of religion ; Northern England shared the same Avignonese bias as the Scottish court, on par with Valois France and Castile, which became the backbone of the Counter-Reformation, with Protestants being solidly anti-Avignonese ) and death of Elizabeth I of England without children.

Though the people of Venice generally remained orthodox Roman Catholics, the state of Venice was notable for its freedom from religious fanaticism and it enacted not a single execution for religious heresy during the Counter-Reformation.

In the late 16th century, however, the Counter-Reformation and the Society of Jesus began to make its influence felt, and the Jesuit-educated Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, who ruled over Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola before becoming Holy Roman Emperor, was energetic in suppressing heresy in the provinces which he ruled.

John of the Cross ( San Juan de la Cruz ) ( 24 June 1542 – 14 December 1591 ), born Juan de Yepes Álvarez, was a major figure of the Counter-Reformation, a Spanish mystic, Catholic saint, Carmelite friar and priest, born at Fontiveros, Old Castile.

Many local nobles converted to Protestantism during the Protestant Reformation, but the region was converted back to Roman Catholicism during the Counter-Reformation.

Within the Dominican Order Savonarola was repackaged as an innocuous, purely devotional figure –" the evolving image of a Counter-Reformation saintly prelate "-- and in this benevolent and unthreatening guise his memory lived on.

Duke Karl ( ruling 1564-90 ), whose wife was the Catholic Duchess Maria of Bavaria, introduced the Counter-Reformation into the country ; in 1573 he invited the Jesuits into Styria and in 1586 he founded the Catholic University of Graz.

The Low Countries, Flanders, Brabant and Holland, were part of the inheritance of Philip II of Spain, who was a devout Catholic and self-proclaimed protector of the Counter-Reformation, and suppressed Protestantism through his Governor-general or Regent, Margaret of Parma the illegitimate daughter of Emperor Charles V, was herself more willing to compromise.

During the Counter-Reformation there was a " fig-leaf campaign " aiming to cover all representations of human genitals in paintings and sculptures, started with Michelangelo's works.

In other ways Baldinucci was very much a man of his time, of the Counter-Reformation and of the Baroque.

However, the importance of the College was shadowed by rivalry between the orthodox views of the " Parisians " group headed by Diogo de Gouveia and the more secular views of the " Bordeaux " school headed by his nephew André de Gouveia, within the advent of the Counter-Reformation and the Society of Jesus.

Ferdinand was a supporter of the Counter-Reformation and helped lead the Catholic response against what he saw as the heretical tide of Protestantism.

The Counter-Reformation was largely ineffective in the Lutheran town.

The reformers also accelerated the development of the Counter-Reformation by the Catholic Church.

His fiction also typically focuses on key historical moments from the Middle Ages, the Reformation and Counter-Reformation.

The Counter-Reformation ( also the Catholic Revival or Catholic Reformation ) was the period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent ( 1545 – 1563 ) and ending at the close of the Thirty Years ' War ( 1648 ), which is sometimes considered a response to the Protestant Reformation.

* Counter-Reformation ( or Catholic Reformation ): The Roman Catholic response to the Protestant Reformation ( see also Council of Trent ).

* The parish church, dedicated to Saints Faustino and Giovita, was rebuilt in the early years of 17th Century strictly in accordance with Counter-Reformation rules ; a single nave with six side altars ; impressive painting cycle mostly made by Giovanni Mauro della Rovere ( also known as Il Fiamminghino ); a beautiful wrought iron gate dating back to 1647 ; a 17th century organ made by members of the Antegnati family and remodeled by Serassi.

Some are simple and homophonic, and pay unusually close attention to text setting ( interestingly, this was also a trend in the music of the concurrent Catholic Counter-Reformation, and represented a reaction against the music of the previous generations ).

The Reformation and Counter-Reformation also contributed greatly to the flourishing of polemical writings as well as to the spread of printing houses and schools.

The College of the Annunciation of the Professed House of the Society of Jesus in Seville was one of the intellectual pillars of the Spanish Counter-Reformation, and also served as a starting point for Jesuit expansion in overseas lands.

As the early modern period commenced in the late 15th century, many changes began to shock Europe that would have an effect on the production of grimoires ; the historian Owen Davies classed the most important of these as being the Protestant Reformation and subsequent Catholic Counter-Reformation, the witch-hunts and the advent of printing.

His ability to bring together the functional needs of the Catholic Church with the prevailing musical styles during the Counter-Reformation period gave him his enduring fame.

* Counter-Reformation, the period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent, sometimes considered a response to the Protestant Reformation

This was a hotbed focus of Counter-Reformation in the Tudor period, such as the Pilgrimage of Grace and Rising of the North.

Art from this period shows influences from both the north of Europe, namely the Dutch and Flemish schools, and from Roman painters of the Counter-Reformation.

Art from this period shows influences from both the north of Europe ( Dutch and Flemish schools ) and from Roman painters of the Counter-Reformation.

Under Spanish rule Roermond became a bastion of the Counter-Reformation.

The Counter-Reformation had firmly reattached the local population to Roman Catholicism, and they now distrusted the Calvinist Northerners even more than they loathed the Spanish occupiers.

As in the 16th century, the Counter-Reformation repressed any alternative theological current or radical social movement, and the Peace of Augsburg sanctioned the partition of the continent among Catholic and Protestant powers, so the last twenty years of the 20th century were marked by a vengeful rebirth of conservative ideologies, and the International Monetary Fund-driven corporate globalization of the economy seemed to rout any resistance.

Later in his life he had a religious crisis, influenced by Counter-Reformation piety, which resulted in condemning his own works depicting nudity, and he left all his possessions to the Jesuits.

The other two collections were spiritual madrigals, a genre beloved by the proponents of the Counter-Reformation.

During the Counter-Reformation in the late 16th and 17th centuries, led by the bishop of Ljubljana Tomaž Hren and Seckau Martin Brenner, almost all Protestants were expelled from the Slovene Lands ( with the exception of Prekmurje ).

The Austrian emperor brought in the Counter-Reformation by encouraging Catholic orders to settle in Breslau, starting in 1610 with the Minorites, followed by Jesuits, Capucins, Franciscans and finally Ursulines in 1687.

During the Counter-Reformation, the intellectual life of the city – shaped by Protestantism and Humanism — flourished, even as the Protestant bourgeoisie lost its role to the Catholic orders as the patron of the arts.

Western Europe's significant historical events include the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation by Martin Luther and the Counter-Reformation of the Catholic Church, the Age of Enlightenment, the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution.

The Roman Catholic Church responded with a Counter-Reformation put in to motion by the Council of Trent — the most important ecumenical council since Nicaea II 800 years earlier ( at the time, there had not been an ecumenical council since Lateran IV over 300 years prior, a length only to be matched by the interval between Trent and Vatican I )— and spearheaded by the Society of Jesus.

The town and the castle survived relatively unharmed by the Counter-Reformation of Giorgio Basta, general of the Habsburg Empire.

He strengthened relations with the Papal States by introducing the Inquisition in Portugal and the adhesion of the Portuguese clergy to the Counter-Reformation.

In Catholic countries, production continued, and increased during the Counter-Reformation, but Catholic art was brought under much tighter control by the church hierarchy than had been the case before.

Various actual Protestant doctrines were framed as extreme and unprecedented ; they were associated with older heresies and generally condemned by the Council, whose work formed the basis for the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation.

The Last Judgment, a fresco in the Sistine Chapel by Michelangelo ( 1534 – 41 ), came under persistent attack in the Counter-Reformation for, among other things, nudity ( later painted over for several centuries ), not showing Christ seated or bearded, and including the pagan figure of Charon.