In chemistry, a cathode is the electrode of an electrochemical cell at which reduction occurs ; a useful mnemonic to remember this is AnOx RedCat ( Oxidation at the Anode = Reduction at the Cathode ).

: Cathode ( reduction ): 2 H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( g ) + 2 e < sup >–</ sup > → H < sub > 2 </ sub >( g ) + 2 OH < sup >–</ sup >( aq )

: Cathode ( reduction ): 2 H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) + 2 e < sup >–</ sup > → H < sub > 2 </ sub >( g ) + 2 OH < sup >–</ sup >( aq )

File: Katódsugarak mágneses mezőben ( 4 ). jpg | Cathode ray in magnetic field 2.

Cathode: 2 H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) + 2 e < sup >–</ sup > → H < sub > 2 </ sub >( g ) + 2 OH < sup >–</ sup >( aq ) E °< sub > red </ sub >

: Cathode Reaction: O < sub > 2 </ sub > + 4e < sup >–</ sup > → 2O < sup >– 2 </ sup >

: Cathode Reaction: CO < sub > 2 </ sub > + ½O < sub > 2 </ sub > + 2e < sup >-</ sup > → CO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >- 2 </ sup >

Cold Cathode gauges are accurate from 10 < sup >− 2 </ sup > Torr to 10 < sup >− 9 </ sup > Torr.

Cathode: Na < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) + e < sup >–</ sup > → Na ( s ) E °< sub > red </ sub >

: Cathode: 4H < sub > 2 </ sub > O + 4e (-) ---> 4OH (-) + 2H < sub > 2 </ sub >( gas )

: Cathode: 1 / 2 O < sub > 2 </ sub > + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O + 2e < sup >–</ sup > → 2OH < sup >–</ sup > ( E < sub > 0 </ sub > =

Cathode Reactions: O2 + 4H + + 4e-=

An electric glow discharge tube featuring its most important characteristics: ( a ) An anode at one end and cathode at the other end ( b ) Aston Dark Space ( c ) Cathode glow ( d ) Cathode dark space ( also called Crookes dark space, or Hittorf dark space ) ( e ) Negative glow ( f ) Faraday space ( g ) Positive column ( h ) Anode glow ( i ) Anode dark space.

An electric glow discharge tube featuring its most important characteristics: ( a ) An anode and cathode at each end ( b ) Aston Dark Space ( c ) Cathode glow ( d ) Cathode dark space ( also called Crookes dark space, or Hittorf dark space ) ( e ) Negative glow ( f ) Faraday space ( g ) Positive column ( h ) Anode glow ( i ) Anode dark space. Hopkinson builds a team of researchers, one of whom is Harry Ricardo, the engineer who makes his name for his pioneering work on internal combustion engines.

* Dolby SR ( Spectral Recording ): professional four-channel noise reduction system in use since 1986, which improves the dynamic range of analog recordings and transmissions by as much as 25 dB.

# Infant and under-5 mortality ( U5MR ): reduction by one third in infant mortality and U5MR

# Acute respiratory infections ( Influenza-like illness ): reduction of ARI deaths by one third in children under five

* Twenty-ninth Amendment ( 27 October 2011 ): Relaxed the prohibition on the reduction of the salaries of Irish judges.

# Antibiotic reduction of lid margin bacteria ( at the discretion of a physician ): After lid margin cleaning, spread small amount of prescription antibiotic ophthalmic ointment with finger tip along lid fissure while eyes closed.

Note that the term reduction is misleading: it suggests that H is a subgroup of G, which is often the case, but need not be ( for example for spin structures ): it's properly called a lifting.

This was done by phonetic reduction, where the name was simply Italianized ( normally by adding a vowel to the end of the name ): e. g. Brenner / Brennero, Moos / Moso.

The editorial was based on a news association dispatch which said that the telegraphers had secured an agreement whereby they were guaranteed 40 hours' pay per week whether they worked or not and that a reduction in their number was limited to 2 per cent per year.

The method initiates by converting mercury into Hg < sup > 2 +</ sup > by oxidation from nitric and sulfuric acids, followed by a reduction of Hg < sup > 2 +</ sup > with tin ( II ) chloride.

Title IV called for a total reduction of about 10 million tons of SO < sub > 2 </ sub > emissions from power plants.

For instance, in the reduction of ethyne to ethene, the catalyst is palladium ( Pd ) partly " poisoned " with lead ( II ) acetate ( Pb ( CH < sub > 3 </ sub > COO )< sub > 2 </ sub >).

Enrollment had peaked at 505, 782 in about 2, 900 camps by 31 August 1935, followed by a reduction to 350, 000 enrollees in 2, 019 camps by 30 June 1936.

Electrochemical reactions in water are better understood by balancing redox reactions using the ion-electron method where H < sup >+</ sup >, OH < sup >–</ sup > ion, H < sub > 2 </ sub > O and electrons ( to compensate the oxidation changes ) are added to cell's half-reactions for oxidation and reduction.

Le Chatelier's principle indicates that the reaction is more favorable to reduction as the concentration of Cu < sup > 2 +</ sup > ions increases.

When comparing the reduction potentials in reactions 2 and 4, the reduction of chloride ion is favored.

He appointed a commission that set aside 3, 000, 000 acres ( 12, 000 km² ) of national parks and 2, 300, 000 acres of national forests ; advocated tax reduction for low-income Americans ( not enacted ); closed certain tax loopholes for the wealthy ; doubled the number of veterans ' hospital facilities ; negotiated a treaty on St. Lawrence Seaway ( which failed in the U. S. Senate ); wrote a Children's Charter that advocated protection of every child regardless of race or gender ; created an antitrust division in the Justice Department ; required air mail carriers to adopt stricter safety measures and improve service ; proposed federal loans for urban slum clearances ( not enacted ); organized the Federal Bureau of Prisons ; reorganized the Bureau of Indian Affairs ; instituted prison reform ; proposed a federal Department of Education ( not enacted ); advocated $ 50-per-month pensions for Americans over 65 ( not enacted ); chaired White House conferences on child health, protection, homebuilding and home-ownership ; began construction of the Boulder Dam ( later renamed Hoover Dam ); and signed the Norris – La Guardia Act that limited judicial intervention in labor disputes.

Thus Zn < sup > 2 +</ sup > whose standard reduction potential is − 0. 76 V can be oxidized by any other electrode whose standard reduction potential is greater than − 0. 76 V ( e. g. H < sup >+</ sup >( 0 V ), Cu < sup > 2 +</ sup >( 0. 16 V ), F < sub > 2 </ sub >( 2. 87 V )) and can be reduced by any electrode with standard reduction potential less than − 0. 76 V ( e. g. H < sub > 2 </ sub >(− 2. 23 V ), Na < sup >+</ sup >(− 2. 71 V ), Li < sup >+</ sup >(− 3. 05 V )).

Ms. Sylvia Orozco, Board President, Mr. William Klein, Vice President, Mr. Fred Youngblood, Clerk and Mr. James Na, Board member all voted in favor of the budget reduction plan based on the recommendations of the Chino Valley Unified School District Superintendent, Dr. Edmond T. Heatley.

Thus, if the Cl < sup >–</ sup > ion is favored for reduction, then the water reaction is favored for oxidation producing gaseous oxygen, however experiments show gaseous chlorine is produced and not oxygen.

Finally, reaction 3 is favorable because it describes the proliferation of OH < sup >–</ sup > ions thus letting a probable reduction of H < sup >+</ sup > ions less favorable an option.

Beta reduction states that an application of the form < tt >( λx. t ) s </ tt > reduces to the term < tt > t := s </ tt > ( we write < tt >( λx. t ) s → t := s </ tt > as a convenient shorthand for “< tt >( λx. t ) s </ tt > beta reduces to < tt > t := s </ tt >”).

Particularly important is the reduction of coenzyme Q in complex III, since a highly reactive free radical is formed as an intermediate ( Q ·< sup >−</ sup >).

A dehydrogenase ( also called DHO in the literature ) is an enzyme that oxidises a substrate by a reduction reaction that transfers one or more hydrides ( H < sup >−</ sup >) to an electron acceptor, usually NAD < sup >+</ sup >/ NADP < sup >+</ sup > or a flavin coenzyme such as FAD or FMN.

Alcohol dehydrogenases ( ADH ) () are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD < sup >+</ sup > to NADH ).

In mammals this is a redox ( reduction / oxidation ) reaction involving the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD < sup >+</ sup >) and cofactor PQQ.

As, in an aqueous solution, protons ( H < sup >+</ sup >) are preferentially reduced to atomic hydrogen before Al < sup > 3 +</ sup > ions, the reduction of Al < sup > 3 +</ sup > is done by electrolysis of a molten aluminium salt.

This is a water free medium, and hence, H < sup >+</ sup > reduction is avoided.

As shown by the reaction equation, glycolysis causes the reduction of two molecules of NAD < sup >+</ sup > to NADH.

They form a principal GL < sup >+</ sup >( n ) sub-bundle of the linear frame bundle of M, and so the orientation associated to a volume form gives a canonical reduction of the frame bundle of M to a sub-bundle with structure group GL < sup >+</ sup >( n ).

That is to say that a volume form gives rise to GL < sup >+</ sup >( n )- structure on M. More reduction is clearly possible by considering frames that have

After export into the cytosol, malate is converted back into OAA, with concomitant reduction of NAD < sup >+</ sup >; OAA is subsequently converted to PEP which is available for gluconeogenesis in the cytosol along with the transported reducing equivalent NADH.