However, Goukouni ’ s January 1981 statement that Chad and Libya had agreed to work for the realization of complete unity between the two countries generated intense international pressure and Goukouni's subsequent call for the complete withdrawal of external forces.

As of 2011 Chad had no railways though two lines are planned-from the capital to the Sudanese and Cameroonish borders.

As of 2011 Chad had no railways.

Chad had an estimated 58 airports, only 9 of which had paved runways.

Composed mainly of soldiers from southern Chad, FAT had its roots in the army recruited by France and had military traditions dating back to World War I.

Chad and Taiwan had relations from 1962 to 1972 and 1997 to 2006 when, for financial and security reasons, Chad announced its intention to recognize China.

Bozizé even planned to visit Khartoum in December 2006, but had to cancel his trip when Chad ( which has strained relations with the Sudanese Government ) threatened to withdraw its military support to C. A. R.

He built a fortified capital at Ngazargamu, to the west of Lake Chad ( in present-day Niger ), the first permanent home a Sayfawa mai had enjoyed in a century.

The formal and final transfer of the Strip from Libya to Chad took place on 30 May, when the sides signed a joint declaration stating that the Libyan withdrawal had been effected.

Borno's history is closely associated with Kanem, which had achieved imperial status in the Lake Chad basin by the 13th century.

Despite these strains, however, Nigerians had assisted in the halting process of achieving stability in Chad, and both nations reaffirmed their intention to maintain close ties.

On 4 May 2009, the Qatari Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Ahmad Abdullah al-Mahmud said that Chad and Sudan had agreed to end hostilities against each other and to normalise relations Qatari mediated talks in Doha.

The Government of Chad estimated in January 2006 that 614 Chadian citizens had been killed in cross-border raids.

* August 31 – In the aftermath of the Chadian – Libyan conflict of 1978-87, representatives of Libya and Chad agreed to let the International Court of Justice determine ownership of the Aouzou Strip, which had been occupied by Libya since 1973.

In 1965, Denver joined the Chad Mitchell Trio, a folk group that had been renamed " The Mitchell Trio " prior to Chad Mitchell's departure and before Denver's arrival, and then " Denver, Boise, and Johnson " ( John Denver, David Boise, and Michael Johnson ).

Lake Chad has shrunk considerably since the 1960s, when its shoreline had an elevation of about above sea level and it had an area of more than, making its surface the fourth largest in Africa.

In 1983, Lake Chad was reported to have covered, had a maximum depth of 11 metres ( 36 ft ), and a volume of.

The villagers showed interest in teaching and no sooner had two learned how to read then they began to hold classes for the rest and also began helping the pilgrims translate scriptures and songs from Chad.

Several countries once had diplomatic relations with Israel, but have since broken or suspended them ( Bolivia, Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela in Latin America ; Mauritania in the Arab League ; Chad, Guinea, Mali and Niger in non-Arab Africa ; and Iran until the Islamic revolution ).

The team also traded relief pitcher Jose Valverde, who led the major leagues in saves in 2007 with 47, to the Houston Astros for reliever Chad Qualls, RHP Juan Gutiérrez and IF / OF Chris Burke.

Bede acknowledged his correspondents in the preface to the Historia Ecclesiastica ; he was in contact with Daniel, the Bishop of Winchester, for information about the history of the church in Wessex, and also wrote to the monastery at Lastingham for information about Cedd and Chad.

Agreements also were struck with rebels from the National Front of Chad ( FNT ) and Movement for Social Justice and Democracy in October 1997.

East of the lake, the basin rises gradually to the Ouaddaï Highlands, which mark Chad's eastern border and also divide the Chad and Nile watersheds.

Lake Chad also changes greatly in size from one year to another.

Agriculture is also common in the marshlands east of Lake Chad and near swamps or wells.

Lebanon's Progressive Socialist Party also sent troops to support Qadhafi's efforts against Chad in 1987.

Most of the crimes were committed by Congolese MLC soldiers, but Bozizé's rebels, including elements from Chad, were also responsible.

He is also accredited to: Libya, Chad, Central Africa Republic, and Niger

Hausa is also spoken various parts of Cameroon and Chad, which combined the mixed dialects of Northern Nigeria and Niger Republic, French has made a great influence in the way Hausa is spoken by the native Hausa speakers.

At its height it encompassed an area covering not only much of Chad, but also parts of modern southern Libya, eastern Niger, northeastern Nigeria and northern Cameroon.

It also supported its claim with an unratified 1935 treaty between France and Italy, the colonial powers of Chad and Libya, respectively.

They are active in the Darfur region of western Sudan and also in eastern Chad.

It is a charter member of the Organization of African Unity and the West African Monetary Union and also belongs to the Niger Basin Authority and the Lake Chad Basin Commission, the Economic Community of West African States, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

Both ports are not only responsible for Nigeria ’ s seaborne trade but also serve inland countries such as Niger and Chad.

The program expands as part of the Trans-Saharan Counter Terrorism Initiative as CJTF personnel also assist in training the forces of Chad, Niger, Mauritania and Mali.

On 15 January 1910 the colony again was renamed to French Equatorial Africa ( Afrique Equatoriale Française or AEF ), this time it also included Chad and Oubangui-Chari, nowadays the Central African Republic.

This production has starred such performers as Kirsten Rossi / Elisa Cordova / Sofia Escobar / Ali Ewoldt as Maria, Ryan Silverman / Scott Sussman / Chad Hilligus as Tony, Lana Gordon / Oneika Phillips / Desiree Davar as Anita, Spencer Howard / Brett Leigh ( also playing Action )/ Denton Tarver as Riff and Emmanuel de Jesús Silva / Marco Santiago / Oscar as Bernardo.

Individual nations such as Chad ( the first to recognize Luna ), India, and Egypt are also named.

Because Lake Chad is very shallow — only at its deepest — its area is particularly sensitive to small changes in average depth, and consequently it also shows seasonal fluctuations in size of about 1 m every year.

The shrinking of the lake has also caused several different conflicts to emerge as to which countries that border Lake Chad have the rights to the remaining water.

Surviving pages from the Gospels of Saint Chad also have a cross-carpet page and animal and bird interlace, but the designs do not achieve the same perfection and seen as looser and heavier than Eadfrith ’ s ( Backhouse 1981, 66 ).

Chad are also common in stores, where holes are punched so that merchandise can be hung on pegs or clips.